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Biological effects of the “Erika” oil spill on the common mussel (Mytilus edulis)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 October 2004

Gilles Bocquené ,
Sébastien Chantereau ,
Christelle Clérendeau ,
Emilie Beausir ,
Dominique Ménard ,
Bernard Raffin ,
Christophe Minier ,
Thierry Burgeot ,
Annie Pfohl Leszkowicz  and
Jean-François Narbonne
Gilles Bocquené
Affiliation:
IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes, France
Sébastien Chantereau
Affiliation:
IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes, France
Christelle Clérendeau
Affiliation:
Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
Emilie Beausir
Affiliation:
IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes, France
Dominique Ménard
Affiliation:
IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes, France
Bernard Raffin
Affiliation:
IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes, France
Christophe Minier
Affiliation:
Université du Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, 76058 Le Havre, France
Thierry Burgeot
Affiliation:
IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, 44311 Nantes, France
Annie Pfohl Leszkowicz
Affiliation:
ENSAT, 145 avenue de Muet, 31076 Toulouse, France
Jean-François Narbonne
Affiliation:
Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
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Abstract

A 3-year survey was made of several biological markers in mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed in situ to the oil that came ashore after the wreck of the “Erika” tanker on the Brittany (France) coast in December 1999. The mussel response was assessed using a set of 7 biomarkers, most of them related to the metabolism of organic contaminants. After a series of validation tests, data was evaluated for only 5 biomarkers: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adducts. No significant reductions in GST or CAT levels were observed, levels of DNA adducts and MDA were high during the 6 months immediately following the accident and levels of AChE were significantly lower during the first year of the survey suggesting a general stress. A simple multivariate graphic method, the integrated biomarker response index, was used to combine 4 of the 5 validated biomarkers and quantify the degree of impact on mussels at different sites. The results show that mussel populations were affected by the oil spill only during the first year after the event.

Keywords

Oil spillPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonPAHSurveyMonitoringBiomarkersMusselMytilus edulis
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 17 , Issue 3: The "Erika" Oil Spill: Environmental Contamination and Effects in the Bay of Biscay , July 2004 , pp. 309 - 316
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD, 2004

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