Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T23:16:09.294Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The impact of brief exposure to the second language on native language production: Global or item specific?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2019

Tamar Degani Open the ORCID record for Tamar Degani [Opens in a new window] ,
Hamutal Kreiner ,
Haya Ataria  and
Farha Khateeb
Tamar Degani*
Affiliation:
University of Haifa
Hamutal Kreiner
Affiliation:
Ruppin Academic Center
Haya Ataria
Affiliation:
University of Haifa
Farha Khateeb
Affiliation:
University of Haifa
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Bilinguals routinely shift between their languages, changing languages between communicative settings. To test the consequences of such changes in language use, 48 Arabic–Hebrew bilinguals named pictures in Arabic (L1) before and after a brief exposure manipulation, including either reading a list of Hebrew (L2) words aloud or performing a nonlinguistic task. Half of the items post-exposure were new and half were translation equivalents of the words presented during the L2 exposure task. Further, half of the items were very low-frequency L1 words, typically replaced by borrowed L2 words. Results show that across word types bilinguals were less accurate and produced more L2 cross-language errors in their dominant L1 following brief L2 exposure. Error rates were comparable for translation equivalents and new items, but more cross-language errors were observed post-exposure on translation equivalents. These findings demonstrate the engagement of both global whole-language control mechanisms and item-based competitive processes, and highlight the importance of language context and the dynamic nature of bilingual performance.

Keywords

bilingual controlitem specificlanguage shiftswhole language
Type
Original Article
Information
Applied Psycholinguistics , Volume 41 , Issue 1 , January 2020 , pp. 153 - 183
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amara, M. H. (1999). Language and society in the Middle East and North Africa: Studies in variation and identity (pp. 81–103). London: Curzon Press.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. H., Davidson, D. J., & Bates, D. M. (2008). Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items. Journal of Memory and Language, 59, 390–412. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2007.12.005 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, D. J., Levy, R., Scheepers, C., & Tily, H. J. (2013). Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal. Journal of Memory and Language, 68, 255–278. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2012.11.001 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baus, C., Costa, A., & Carreiras, M. (2013). On the effects of second language immersion on first language production. Acta Psychologica, 142, 402–409. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.01.010 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bobb, S. C., & Wodniecka, Z. (2013). Language switching in picture naming: What asymmetric switch costs (do not) tell us about inhibition in bilingual speech planning. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25, 568–585. doi: 10.1080/20445911.2013.792822 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Branzi, F. M., Della Rosa, P. A., Canini, M., Costa, A., & Abutalebi, J. (2016). Language control in bilinguals: Monitoring and response selection. Cerebral Cortex, 26, 2367–2380. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhv052 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Branzi, F. M., Martin, C. D., Abutalebi, J., & Costa, A. (2014). The after-effects of bilingual language production. Neuropsychologia, 52, 102–116. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.022 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Canseco-Gonzalez, E., Brehm, L., Brick, C. A., Brown-Schmidt, S., Fischer, K., & Wagner, K. (2010). Carpet or carcel: The effect of age of acquisition and language mode on bilingual lexical access. Language and Cognitive Processes, 25, 669–705. doi: 10.1080/01690960903474912 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, A., Miozzo, M., & Caramazza, A. (1999). Lexical selection in bilinguals: Do words in the bilingual’s two lexicons compete for selection? Journal of Memory and Language, 41, 365–397. doi: 10.1006/jmla.1999.2651 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, A., & Santesteban, M. (2004). Lexical access in bilingual speech production: Evidence from language switching in highly proficient bilinguals and L2 learners. Journal of Memory and Language, 50, 491–511. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2004.02.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Declerck, M., & Grainger, J. (2017). Inducing asymmetrical switch costs in bilingual language comprehension by language practice. Acta Psychologica, 178, 100–106. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.06.002 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Declerck, M., Koch, I., & Philipp, A. M. (2015). The minimum requirements of language control: Evidence from sequential predictability effects in language switching. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41, 377–394. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000021 Google ScholarPubMed
Declerck, M., & Philipp, A. M. (2017). Is there lemma-based language control? The influence of language practice and language-specific item practice on asymmetrical switch costs. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 32, 488–493. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2016.1250928 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Degani, T., Prior, A., & Tokowicz, N. (2011). Bidirectional transfer: The effect of sharing a translation. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 23, 18–28. doi: 10.1080/20445911.2011.445986 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Degani, T., Prior, A., & Hajajra, W. (2018). Cross-language semantic influences in different script bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 21, 782–804. doi: 10.1017/S1366728917000311 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Groot, A. M., & Christoffels, I. K. (2006). Language control in bilinguals: Monolingual tasks and simultaneous interpreting. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 9, 189–201. doi: 10.1017/S1366728906002537 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dijkstra, T. (2005). Bilingual visual word recognition and lexical access. In Kroll, J. F. & De Groot, A. M. B. (Eds.), Handbook of bilingualism: Psycholinguistic approaches (pp. 179–201). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Dixon, P. (2008). Models of accuracy in repeated-measures designs. Journal of Memory and Language, 59, 447–456. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2007.11.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dussias, P. E., & Sagarra, N. (2007). The effect of exposure on syntactic parsing in Spanish–English bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 10, 101–116. doi: 10.1017/S1366728906002847 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Rahman, M. & Rozental, R. (2013). Vallah be-seder: Deyokan leshoni shel ha-‘Arvim be-Yiśra’el. Yerushalayim: Keter. (In Hebrew).Google Scholar
Elston-Güttler, K. E., Gunter, T. C., & Kotz, S. A. (2005). Zooming into L2: Global language context and adjustment affect processing of interlingual homographs in sentences. Cognitive Brain Research, 25, 57–70. doi: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.007 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eviatar, Z., Taha, H., Cohen, V., & Schwartz, M. (2018). Word learning by young sequential bilinguals: Fast mapping in Arabic and Hebrew. Applied Psycholinguistics, 39, 649–674. doi: 10.1017/S0142716417000613 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gollan, T. H., Ferreira, V. S., Cera, C., & Flett, S. (2014). Translation-priming effects on tip-of-the-tongue states. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 29, 274–288. doi: 10.1080/01690965.2012.762457 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Green, D. W. (1998). Mental control of the bilingual lexico-semantic system. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 1, 67–81. doi: 10.1017/S1366728998000133 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, D. W., & Abutalebi, J. (2013). Language control in bilinguals: The adaptive control hypothesis. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25, 515–530. doi: 10.1080/20445911.2013.796377 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grosjean, F. (2001). The bilingual’s language modes. In Nicol, J. L. (Ed.), Explaining linguistics. One mind, two languages: Bilingual language processing (pp. 1–22). Malden: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Gross, M., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2018). Contributions of nonlinguistic task-shifting to language control in bilingual children. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 21, 181–194. doi: 10.1017/S1366728916001097 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guo, T., Liu, H., Misra, M., & Kroll, J. F. (2011). Local and global inhibition in bilingual word production: fMRI evidence from Chinese–English bilinguals. NeuroImage, 56, 2300–2309. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.049 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hermans, D., Bongaerts, T., De Bot, K., & Schreuder, R. (1998). Producing words in a foreign language: Can speakers prevent interference from their first language? Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 1, 213–229. doi: 10.1017/S1366728998000364 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hernandez, A. E., Dapretto, M., Mazziotta, J., & Bookheimer, S. (2001). Language switching and language representation in Spanish–English bilinguals: An fMRI study. NeuroImage, 14, 510–520. doi: 10.1006/nimg.2001.0810 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoshino, N., & Kroll, J. F. (2008). Cognate effects in picture naming: Does cross-language activation survive a change of script? Cognition, 106, 501–511. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.02.001 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaufmann, E., Mittelberg, I., Koch, I., & Philipp, A. M. (2018). Modality effects in language switching: Evidence for a bimodal advantage. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 21, 243–250. doi: 10.1017/S136672891600122X CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kreiner, H., & Degani, T. (2015). Tip-of-the-tongue in a second language: The effects of brief first-language exposure and long-term use. Cognition, 137, 106–114. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.12.011 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroll, J. F., Bobb, S. C., & Wodniecka, Z. (2006). Language selectivity is the exception, not the rule: Arguments against a fixed locus of language selection in bilingual speech. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 9, 119–135. doi: 10.1017/S1366728906002483 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linck, J. A., Kroll, J. F., & Sunderman, G. (2009). Losing access to the native language while immersed in a second language: Evidence for the role of inhibition in second-language learning. Psychological Science, 20, 1507–1515. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02480.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowder, M. W., Choi, W., & Gordon, P. C. (2013). Word recognition during reading: The interaction between lexical repetition and frequency. Memory & Cognition, 41, 738–751. doi: 10.3758/s13421-012-0288-z CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luk, G., & Bialystok, E. (2013). Bilingualism is not a categorical variable: Interaction between language proficiency and usage. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25, 605–621. doi: 10.1080/20445911.2013.795574 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ma, F., Li, S., & Guo, T. (2016). Reactive and proactive control in bilingual word production: An investigation of influential factors. Journal of Memory and Language, 86, 35–59. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2015.08.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marian, V., Blumenfeld, H. K., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2007). The Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q): Assessing language profiles in bilinguals and multilinguals. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50, 940–967. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2007/067)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marian, V., & Kaushanskaya, M. (2007). Cross-linguistic transfer and borrowing in bilinguals. Applied Psycholinguistics, 28, 369–390. doi: 10.1017.S014271640707018X CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marian, V., & Spivey, M. (2003). Competing activation in bilingual language processing: Within- and between-language competition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 6, 97–115. doi: 10.1017/S1366728903001068 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mercier, J., Pivneva, I., & Titone, D. (2016). The role of prior language context on bilingual spoken word processing: Evidence from the visual world task. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 19, 376–399. doi: 10.1017/S1366728914000340 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meuter, R. F., & Allport, A. (1999). Bilingual language switching in naming: Asymmetrical costs of language selection. Journal of Memory and Language, 40, 25–40. doi: 10.1006/jmla.1998.2602 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Misra, M., Guo, T., Bobb, S. C., & Kroll, J. F. (2012). When bilinguals choose a single word to speak: Electrophysiological evidence for inhibition of the native language. Journal of Memory and Language, 67, 224–237. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2012.05.001 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morales, L., Paolieri, D., Cubelli, R., & Bajo, M. T. (2014). Transfer of Spanish grammatical gender to English: Evidence from immersed and non-immersed bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 17, 700–708. doi: 10.1017/S1366728914000017 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moreno-Martínez, F. J., & Montoro, P. R. (2012). An ecological alternative to Snodgrass & Vanderwart: 360 high quality colour images with norms for seven psycholinguistic variables. PLOS ONE, 7, e37527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norman, T., Degani, T., & Peleg, O. (2016). Transfer of L1 visual word recognition strategies during early stages of L2 learning: Evidence from Hebrew learners whose first language is either Semitic or Indo-European. Second Language Research, 32, 109–122. doi: 10.1177/0267658315608913 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paulmann, S., Elston-Güttler, K. E., Gunter, T. C., & Kotz, S. A. (2006). Is bilingual lexical access influenced by language context? NeuroReport, 17, 727–731. doi: 10.1097/01.wnr.0000214400.88845.fa CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prior, A., Degani, T., Awawdy, S., Yassin, R., & Korem, N. (2017). Is susceptibility to cross-language interference domain specific? Cognition, 165, 10–25. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2017.04.006 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prior, A., & Gollan, T. H. (2011). Good language-switchers are good task-switchers: Evidence from Spanish–English and Mandarin–English bilinguals. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17, 682–691. doi: 10.1017/S1355617711000580 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
R Development Core Team. (2016). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Retrieved from www.R-project.org Google Scholar
Sandoval, T. C., Gollan, T. H., Ferreira, V. S., & Salmon, D. P. (2010). What causes the bilingual disadvantage in verbal fluency? The dual-task analogy. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 13, 231–252. doi: 10.1017/S1366728909990514 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwieter, J. W., & Sunderman, G. (2008). Language switching in bilingual speech production: In search of the language specific selection mechanism. Mental Lexicon, 3, 214–238. doi: 10.1075/ml.3.2.06sch CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shimron, Y. (Ed.) (2003). Language processing and acquisition in languages of Semitic, root-based morphology. Amsterdam: Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Assche, E., Duyck, W., & Gollan, T. H. (2013). Whole-language and item-specific control in bilingual language production. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39, 1781–1792. doi:10.1037/a0032859 Google ScholarPubMed
Van Assche, E., Duyck, W., & Gollan, T. H. (2016). Linking recognition and production: Cross-modal transfer effects between picture naming and lexical decision during first and second language processing in bilinguals. Journal of Memory and Language, 89, 37–54. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2016.02.003 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verreyt, N., Woumans, E., Vandelanotte, D., Szmalec, A., & Duyck, W. (2016). The influence of language-switching experience on the bilingual executive control advantage. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 19, 181–190. doi: 10.1017/S1366728914000352 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, Y. J., & Thierry, G. (2010). Investigating bilingual processing: The neglected role of language processing contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, 178. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00178 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed