Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-f46jp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-25T01:40:41.523Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Complex hunter-gatherers: a view from Australia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Elizabeth Williams
Elizabeth Williams*
Affiliation:
Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, PO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

One of the livelier issues in world prehistory on which there is a distinctive view from Australia and Sahul is the variety of pathways to intensification and a social complexity, not necessarily following expectations that derive from precedents in the Zagros or the Mayan forests. This may be more than a function of different ecologies or potential domesticates, for this paper, developing evidence from Victoria already known from Harry Lourandos's work, Sees the crucial impulses as more social in origin than environmentally determined.

Type
Article
Information
Antiquity , Volume 61 , Issue 232 , July 1987 , pp. 310 - 321
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andresen, J.M. et al. 1981. The deer hunters: Star Carr reconsidered, World Archaeology 13(1): 31–46.Google Scholar
Attenbrow, V. 1982. The archaeology of Upper Mangrove Creek catchment: research in progress, in Bowdler 1982: 67–78.Google Scholar
Bailey, G. (ed.) 1983. Hunter-gatherer economy in prehistory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bean, L.J. & Blackburn, T.C. (ed.). 1976. Native Californians: a theoretical perspective. Albuquerque: Ballena Press.Google Scholar
Bean, L.J. & Lawton, H.. 1976. Some explanations for the rise of cultural complexity in native California with comments on proto-agriculture and agriculture, in Bean & Blackburn 1976: 19–48.Google Scholar
Bender, B. 1975. Emergent tribal formations in the American Midwest, American Antiquity 50(1): 52–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bender, B. 1981. Gatherer-hunter intensification, in Sheridan, A. & Bailey, G. (ed.), Economic archaeology: 149–57. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports. International Series 96.Google Scholar
Bennett, G. 1834. Wanderings in New South Wales. London: Bentley.Google Scholar
Bettìnger, R.L. 1982. Aboriginal exchange and territoriality in Owens Valley, California, in Ericson, J.E. & Earle, T.K. (ed.), Contexts for prehistoric exchange: 103–24. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Bowdler, S. (ed.). 1982. Coastal archaeology in eastern Australia. Canberra: Australian National University.Google Scholar
Bowler, J.M. 1981. Australian salt lakes – a palaeohydrologic approach, Hydrobiologia 82: 431–44.Google Scholar
Coutts, P.J.F. 1980. Victoria Archaeological Survey activities report for 1978–79, Records of the Victoria Archaeological Survey 10: 1–56.Google Scholar
Coutts, P.J.F. 1982. Victoria Archaeological Survey activities report for 1979–80, Records of the Victoria Archaeological Survey 13: 1–28.Google Scholar
Coutts, P.J.F. & Witter, D.C. 1977. New radiocarbon dates for Victorian archaeological sites, Records of the Victoria Archaeological Survey 4: 59–73.Google Scholar
Cou’its, P.J.F. et al. 1976. The mound people of western Victoria: a preliminary statement, Records of the Victoria Archaeological Survey 1.Google Scholar
Dawson, J. 1881. The Australian Aborigines. Melbourne: Robertson.Google Scholar
De Dekker, P. 1982. Holocene ostracods, other invertebrates and fish remains from cores of four maar lakes in southeastern Australia, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 94(4): 183–220.Google Scholar
Dixon, R.M.W. 1976. Tribes, languages and other boundaries in northeast Queensland, in Peterson, N. (ed.), Tribes and boundaries in Australia: 207–38. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.Google Scholar
Dobson, J.R. 1975. The Quaternary history of vegetation and climate in south-eastern South Australia. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Australian National University.Google Scholar
Durham, W.G. 1981. Overview: optimal foraging analysis in human ecology, in Winterhalder, & Smith, 1981: 218–31.Google Scholar
Gamble, C. 1983. Culture and society in the Upper Palaeolithic of Europe, in Bailey, 1983: 201–11.Google Scholar
Gill, E. 1971. Radiocarbon date for the Colongulac skeleton, Victoria, Australia, Victorian Naturalist 97: 148–50.Google Scholar
Goggin, J.M. & Sturtevant, W.C.. 1964. The Calusa: a stratified, nonagricultural society, in Goodenough, W.H. (ed.), Explorations in cultural anthropology: 179–221. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Gould, R.A. 1969. Yiwara: foragers of the Australian desert. New York: Scribner.Google Scholar
Gould, R.A. 1982. To have and have not: the ecology of sharing among hunter-gatherers, in Williams, & Hunn, 1982: 69–91.Google Scholar
Harris, D. 1977. Alternative pathways toward agriculture, in Reed, 1977: 179–243.Google Scholar
Head, L. 1983. Environment as artefact: a geographic perspective on the Holocene occupation of southwest Victoria, Archaeology in Oceania 18: 73–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howitt, A.S. 1904. The native tribes of southeastern Australia. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Hughes, PJ. & Lampert, R.. 1982. Prehistoric, population change in southern coastal New South Wales, in Bowdler, 1982: 16–28.Google Scholar
Jochim, M.A. 1983. Optimization models in context, in Moore, & Keene, 1983: 157–72 .Google Scholar
Keene, A.S. 1983. Biology, behavior and borrowing: a critical examination of optimal foraging theory in archaeology, in Moore, & Keene, 1983: 137–55.Google Scholar
King, T.F. 1978. Don’t that beat the band? Nonegalitarian political organisation in prehistoric central California, in Redman, et al. 1978: 225–48.Google Scholar
Lampert, R.J. 1971. Burrill Lake and Currarong. Terra Australia 1.Google Scholar
Lourandos, H. 1977. Aboriginal spatial organisation and population: southwestern Victoria reconsidered, Archaeology and Physical Anthropology in Oceania 12(3): 202–25.Google Scholar
Lourandos, H. 1980a. Change or stability?: hydraulics, hunter-gatherers and population in temperate Australia, World Archaeology 11(3): 245–64.Google Scholar
Lourandos, H. 1980b. Forces of change: Aboriginal technology and population in southwestern Victoria. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, University of Sydney.Google Scholar
Lourandos, H. 1983. Intensification: a Late Pleistocene-Holocene archaeological sequence from southwestern Victoria, Archaeology in Oceania 18: 81–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luebbers, R.A. 1978. Meals and menus: a study of change in prehistoric coastal settlements in South Australia. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Australian National University.Google Scholar
Mcbryde, I. 1974. Aboriginal prehistory in New England. Sydney: Sydney University Press.Google Scholar
Mcbryde, I. 1977. Determinants of assemblage variation in New England prehistory, in Wright, R.V.S. (ed.), Stone tools as cultural markers: 225–50. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.Google Scholar
Mcbryde, I. 1978. Wil-im-ee Moor-ing: or, where do axes come from?, Mankind 11: 354–82.Google Scholar
Mcbryde, I. & Harrison, G.. 1981. Valued good or valuable stone?; consideration of some aspects of the distribution of greenstone artefacts in south-eastern Australia, in Leach, F. & Davidson, J. (ed.), Archaeological studies of Pacific stone resources. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports. International Series 104.Google Scholar
Madden, M. 1983. Social network systems amongst hunter-gatherers considered within southern Norway, in Bailey, 1983: 191–200.Google Scholar
Marquadt, W.H. In press. The development of cultural complexity in southwest Florida: elements of a critique, Southeastern Archaeology.Google Scholar
Meehan, B. 1982. Shell bed to shell midden. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.Google Scholar
Moore, J.A. & Keene, A.S. (ed.) 1983. Archaeological hammers and theories. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Presland, G. (ed.) 1977. Journals of George Augustus Robinson, March-May 1841, Records of the Victorian Archaeological Survey 6.Google Scholar
Price, T.D. 1983. The European Mesolithic, American Antiquity 48(4): 761–78.Google Scholar
Price, T.D. & Brown, J.A. (ed.). 1985. Prehistoric hunter-gatherers: the emergence of cultural complexity. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Purdy, B.A. 1975. Fractures for the archaeologist, in Swanson, E. (ed.), Lithic technology: 133–41. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Redman, C.L. et al. (ed.). 1978. Social archaeology: beyond subsistence and dating. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Reed, C.A. (ed.). 1977. The origins of agriculture. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Ross, A. 1985. Archaeological evidence for population change in the middle to late Holocene in southeastern Australia, Archaeology in Oceania 20(3): 81–9.Google Scholar
Rowley-Conwy, P. 1983. Sedentary hunters: the Ertebølle example, in Bailey, 1983: 111–25.Google Scholar
Service, E.R. 1966. The hunters. Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Sibley, G.T. 1967. A study of the land in the Grampians area. Melbourne: Soil Conservation Authority.Google Scholar
Wesson, J. 1981. Excavations of stone structures in the Condah area, western Victoria. Unpublished master’s preliminary thesis, La Trobe University.Google Scholar
Williams, E. 1984. Documentation and archaeological investigation of an Aboriginal ‘village’ site in southwestern Victoria, Aboriginal History 8: 173–88.Google Scholar
Williams, E. 1985a. Estimation of prehistoric populations of archaeological sites in southwestern Victoria: some problems, Archaeology in Oceania 20(3): 73–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, E. 1985b. Wet underfoot? Earth mound sites and the recent prehistory of Southwestern Victoria. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Australian National University.Google Scholar
Williams, E. & Gillieson, D.. In press. Soil properties and activity areas in Aboriginal mound sites in southwestern Victoria, in Ambrose, W. (ed.), Proceedings of the Second Australian Archaeometry Conference. Canberra: Australian National University.Google Scholar
Williams, N.M. & Hunn, E.S. (ed.). 1982. Resource managers: North American and Australian hunter-gatherers. Westview Press. AAAS Selected Symposium 67.Google Scholar