Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T05:23:18.529Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Restless corpses: ‘secondary burial’ in the Babenberg and Habsburg dynasties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Estella Weiss-Krejci
Estella Weiss-Krejci*
Affiliation:
Institute for Social & Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstrasse 1, A-1160 Vienna, Austria. [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The historically documented burial samples of the Babenberg and Habsburg dynasties allow a detailed analysis of the circumstances that led to dismemberment, evisceration, disturbance, exhumation and reburial over a millennium. The results may provide deeper and more broadly applicable insights into relevant cultural formation processes of élite burials.

Keywords

HabsburgBabenbergMayamortuary behavioursecondary burialformation processes
Type
Papers
Information
Antiquity , Volume 75 , Issue 290 , December 2001 , pp. 769 - 780
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd. 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baum, W. 1996. Rudolf IV. der Stifter. Graz: Verlag Styria.Google Scholar
Becker, M.J. 1986. An ethnographic and archaeological survey of unusual mortuary procedures as a reflection of cultural diversity, La parola del passato. Rivista di studi antichi 226: 31–56.Google Scholar
Becker, M.J. 1992. Burials as caches, caches as burials: A new interpretation of the meaning of ritual deposits among the Classic period Lowland Maya, in Danien, E.C. & Sharer, J.R. (ed.), New theories on the Ancient Maya: 185–96. Philadelphia (PA): University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. University Museum Monograph 77.Google Scholar
Bloch, M. 1971 Placing the dead. London: Seminar Press.Google Scholar
Boase, T.S.R. 1972. Death in the Middle Ages. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Bordua, L. 1997. Mendicants, in MacKay & Ditchburn (ed.): 116–17.Google Scholar
Brown, E.A.R. 1981. Death and the human body in the later Middle Ages: the legislation of Boniface VIII on the division of the corpse, Viator 12: 221–70. (Reprinted in Brown 1991.)Google Scholar
Brown, E.A.R. 1985. Burying and unburying the kings of France, in Trexler, R.C. (ed.), Persons in groups: 241–66. Binghamton (NY): Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies.Google Scholar
Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies 36. (Reprinted in Brown 1991.) 1991. The monarchy of Capetian France and royal ceremonial. Aldershot: Variorum.Google Scholar
Buikstra, J.E. 1997. Studying Maya bioarchaeology, in Whittington & Reed (ed.): 221–8.Google Scholar
Chase, D.Z. & Chase, A.F.. 1996. Maya multiples: Individuals, entries, and tombs in structure A 34 of Caracol, Belize, Latin American Antiquity 7: 61–79.Google Scholar
Coe, W.R. 1990. Excavations in the Great Plaza, North Terrace and North Acropolis of Tikal, in Tikal Report 14. Philadelphia (PA): University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. University Museum Monograph 1–6.Google Scholar
Dodson, A. 1994. The king is dead, in Eyre, C., Leahy, A. & Leahy, L.M. (ed.), The unbroken reed: 71–95. London: Egypt Exploration Society.Google Scholar
Dunn, M. 1997. Cistercians, Premonstratensians and others, in MacKay & Ditchburn (ed.): 114–5.Google Scholar
Finucane, R.C. 1981. Sacred corpse, profane carrion: social ideals and death rituals in the later Middle Ages, in Whaley, J. (ed.), Mirrors of mortality: 40–60. London: Europa Publications.Google Scholar
Friess, G. E. 1890. Königin Elisabeth von Görz-Tirol. Vienna: Verein für Landeskunde von Niederösterreich. Blätter des Vereins für Landeskunde von Niederosterreich, Neue Folge 24.Google Scholar
Gerbekt, M., Herrgott, M. & Heer, R.. 1772. Taphographia principum Austriae, monumenta Augustae domus Austriae. Vol. 4, pts.l & 2. St Blasien.Google Scholar
Gut, J. 1999. Memorialorte dor Habsburger im Südwesten des Alten Reiches: Politische Hintergründe und Aspekte, in Württembergisches Landesmuseum Stuttgart, Vorder-òsterreich: 94–113. Ulm: Siiddeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft.Google Scholar
Hamann, B. (ed.). 1988a. Die Habsburger. Vienna: Ueberreuter.Google Scholar
Hamann, B. 1988b. Johanna Sophia, in Hamann (ed.): 180.Google Scholar
Hammond, N., Pretty, K. & Saul, F.P.. 1975. A Classic Maya family tomb, World Archaeology 7: 57–78,CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hawlik-Van de Water, M. 1993. Die Kapuzinergruft. 2nd edition. Vienna: Herder.Google Scholar
Hertz, R. 1907. Contribution à une étude sur la représentation collective de la mort, Année Sociologique 10: 48–137.Google Scholar
Houston, S., Escobedo, H., Foksyth, D., Hardin, P., Webster, D. & Wright, L.. 1998. On the river of ruins. Explorations at Piedras Negras, Guatemala, 1997, Mexican 20: 16–22.Google Scholar
Jungwirth, J. 1971. Die Babenberger-Skelette im Stift Melk und ihre Identifizierung, Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 75: 661–6.Google Scholar
Klimm, F. 1953. DerKaiserdom zu Speyer. Speyer: Verlag Jaeger.Google Scholar
Koch, W. 1976. Zu don BabenbergergrSbern in Heiligenkreuz, Babenberger Forschungen: 193–215. Vienna. Jahrbuch für Landeskunde von Niederösterreich, Neue Folge 42.Google Scholar
Kolmer, L. (ed.). 1997. Der Tod des Mächtigen. Paderborn: Schoiiingh.Google Scholar
Kkejci, E. 1998. Antiguos disturbios y saqueos de entierros en la zona maya, in Laporte, J.P. & Escobedo, H. (ed.), XI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 1997: 215–27. Guatemala: Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología y Historia, Asociación Tikal.Google Scholar
Krejci, E. & Culbert, T.P., 1995. Preclassic and Classic burials and caches in the Maya Lowlands, in Grube, N. (ed.), The emergence of Lowland Maya civilization: 103–16. Möckmühl: Verlag Anton Saurwein. Acta Mesoamencana 8.Google Scholar
Lechner, K. 1976. Die Babenberger. Vienna: Böhlau.Google Scholar
Lein, E. 1978. Begräbnisstätten der Alt-Habsburger in Österreich. Vienna: Lein-Neubacher.Google Scholar
Lipbukcer, P. M. 1997. De prodigiis et ostentis que mortem Friderici imperatoris precesserunt. Zum Tod Kaiser Friedrichs III., in Kolmer (ed.): 125–35.Google Scholar
Macartney, C.A. 1968. The Habsburg Empire 1790–1918. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.Google Scholar
Mackay, A. & Ditchburn, D. (ed.). 1997. Atlas of Medieval Europe. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Martin, S. & Grube, N.. 2000. Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens. London: Thames & Hudson.Google Scholar
Martínez Cuesta, J. 1992. Guide to the Monastery of San Lorenzo El Real. Madrid: Editorial Patrimonio Nacional.Google Scholar
Mcanany, P. 1995. Living with the ancestors. Austin (TX): University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Mcanany, P. 1998. Ancestors and the Classic Maya built environment, in Houston, S.D. (ed.), Function and meaning in Classic Maya architecture: 271–98. Washington (DC): Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.Google Scholar
Metcalf, P. & Huntington, R.. 1991. Celebrations of death. 2nd revised edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Meyer, R.J. 2000. Königs und Kaiserbegräbnisse im Spätmittelalter. Cologne: Böhlau. Beihefte zu J.F. Böhrner. Regesta Imperii 19.Google Scholar
Mraz, G. 1988. Albrecht VI., in Hamann (ed.): 42–3.Google Scholar
Murphy, E.M. & Mallory, J.P.. 2000. Herodotus and the cannibals, Antiquity 74: 388–94.Google Scholar
Orschiedt, J. 1997. Beispiele für Sekundarbestattungen vom Jungpalaolithikum bis zum Neolithikum, Ethnographisch-Archäologische Zeitschrift 38: 325–45.Google Scholar
Röhrig, F. 1976. Echte und falsche Babenberger-Öberlieferungen in Klosterneuburg, Babenberger Forschungen: 235–45. Vienna. Jahrbuch fur Landeskunde von Niederosterreich, Neue Folge 42.Google Scholar
Schäfer, D. 1920. Mittelalterlicher Brauch bei der Überführung von Leichen, Sitzungsberichte derpreussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften: 478–98.Google Scholar
Schaller, H.M. 1993. Der Kaiser stirbt, in Borst, A., Graevenitz, G. von, Patschovsky, A. & Stierle, K. (ed.), Tod im Mittelalter. 59–75. Konstanz: Universitatsverlag.Google Scholar
Schele, L.& Mathews, P.. 1991. Royal visits and other intersite relationships among the Classic Maya, in Culbert, T.P. (ed.), Classic Maya political history: 226–52. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schiffer, M.B. 1987. Formation processes of the archaeological record. Albuquerque (NM): University of New Mexico Press.Google Scholar
Schuchhardt, C. 1920. Die Anfänge der Leichenverbrennung, Sitzungsberichte der preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften: 499–521.Google Scholar
Sievert, A. 2001. Ancestry, warfare, and divinity in a dynamic mortuary program. Unpublished paper presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, New Orleans.Google Scholar
Stelzer, W. 1988. Heinrich ‘der Freundliche’, in Hamann (ed.): 162.Google Scholar
Strnad, A. 1988. Beatrix von Zollern, in Hamann (ed.): 65.Google Scholar
Tiesler Blos, V. 1999. Rasgos bioculturales entre los antiguos Mayas. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Google Scholar
Ucko, P.J. 1969. Ethnography and archaeological interpretation of funerary remains, World Archaeology 1: 262–80.Google Scholar
Vocelka, K. & Heller, L.. 1997. Die Lebenswelt der Habsburger. Graz: Styria.Google Scholar
Welsh, W.B.M. 1988. An analysis of Classic lowland Maya burials. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports. International series S409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittington, S.L. & Reed, D.M. (ed.). 1997. Bones of the Maya. Washington (DC): Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Williams, S. & Beck, L.A.. 2001. Introduction: Cultural interactions with human remains. Unpublished paper presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, New Orleans.Google Scholar
Wolfsgruber, C. 1887. Die Kaisergruft bei den Kapuzinern in Wien. Vienna: Alfred Holder.Google Scholar
Ziegler, W. 1997. Der Tod der Herzöge von Bayern zwischen Politik und Religion im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert, in Kolmer (ed.): 247–61.Google Scholar