Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T07:18:51.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Precision, Purpose and Priorities in Wetland Archaeology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2011

J. M. Coles
J. M. Coles
Affiliation:
Wetland Archaeology Research Project, University of Exeter
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Wetlands preserve evidence which no other landscape in western Europe can provide. The variety of wetlands is great and conditions for the survival of evidence and for archaeological work are equally varied. The quantity and quality of organic, and inorganic, evidence from wetland sites is now well documented by work in Denmark, Switzerland and Italy in particular, but most European countries have such special sites, where the abundance of evidence can enormously augment our knowledge of the past. The purpose of wetland archaeology must be to expand our very restricted data base into new areas of research, both cultural and environmental. A scheme for the development of priorities for wetland sites and areas may help to direct resources, but the threats to wetlands by current agricultural and other policies are particularly severe, and only concerted efforts will retain these areas in suitable condition for future preservation or examination.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 66 , Issue 2 , September 1986 , pp. 227 - 247
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andersen, S. H. 1980. ‘Tybrind Vig—a preliminary report on a submerged Ertebølle settlement on the Little Belt’, Antikvariske Studier, iv.Google Scholar
Andersen, S. H. 1986. ‘Tybrind: a submerged Erteb0lle settlement’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Arnold, B. 1982. ‘Cortaillod-Est: avec Icare et Neptune sur les traces d'un village du Bronze final’, Archeologie Suisse, v, 90–3.Google Scholar
Arnold, B. 1983. ‘Les 24 maisons d'Auvernier-Nord (Bronze final)’, Jahrbuch der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Ur- und Friihgeschichte, lxvi, 87–104.Google Scholar
Balaam, N. D., Smith, K. and Wainwright, G. J. 1982. ‘The Shaugh Moor project: fourth report—environment, context and conclusion’, P.P.S. xlviii, 203–78.Google Scholar
Bartholin, T. S. 1978. ‘Alvastra pile dwelling: tree studies. The dating and the landscape’, Fornvdnnen, lxxiii, 213–19.Google Scholar
Bewley, R. H. 1981. ‘An approach to the study of prehistoric settlement in the Solway plain, Cumbria’, Archaeological Review from Cambridge, i (2), 46–52.Google Scholar
Bocquet, A., Brochier, J. L., Emery-BARBIER, A., Lundstrom-BAUDAIS, K., Orcel, C. and Vin, F. 1986. ‘A submerged Neolithic village: Charavines “Les Baigneurs” in Lake Paladru, France’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Bocquet, A. and Orcel, C. 1975. ‘Premiers resultats dendro-chronologiques dans les structures de la station des Baigneurs à Charavines (Isére)’, Nouv. Arch. Musée Hist. Nat. Lyon, xiii, 15–20.Google Scholar
Bowman, A. K. 1983. The Roman Writing Tablets from Vindolanda (London).Google Scholar
Bowman, A. K. and Thomas, J. D. 1983. Vindolanda: the Latin Writing-Tablets, Britannia Monograph, iv (London).Google Scholar
Bradley, J. 1982-1983. ‘Excavations at Moynaugh Lough, County Meath 1980-81’, Riocht na Midhe, vii, no. 2, 12–32.Google Scholar
BRADLEY, J. (ed.) 1984. Viking Dublin Exposed. The Wood Quay Saga (Dublin).Google Scholar
Brandt, R. W. and Van DER LEEUW, S. E. 1986. ‘A wet perspective on the European Iron Age’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Brandt, R. W., Van DER LEEUW, S. E. and Van WIJNGAARDEN-BAKER, L. H. 1984. ‘Transformations in a Dutch estuary: research in a wet landscape’, World Archaeology, xvi, 1–17.Google Scholar
BREEZE, D. J. (ed.) 1984. Studies in Scottish Antiquity Presented to Stewart Cruden (Edinburgh).Google Scholar
Bukowski, Z. 1978. ‘Stan: Perspectywy archeologicznyoh badan podwodnych w jeziorach i rzekach Polski’, Archeologica Polski, xxiii, 53–133.Google Scholar
Bukowski, Z. 1980. ‘Underwater archaeology in the lakes and rivers of Poland’, in Schild, E. (ed.), Unconventional Archaeology (Wroclaw), 182–9.Google Scholar
Caulfield, S. 1983. ‘The Neolithic settlement of North Connaught’, in Reeves-Smyth and Hamond 1983, 195–215.Google Scholar
Coles, B. 1986. ‘Tracks across the wetlands: multi-disciplinary studies in the Somerset Levels of England’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Coles, B. and Coles, J. 1986. Sweet Track to Glastonbury (London).Google Scholar
Coles, J. M. 1984. The Archaeology of Wetlands (Edinburgh).Google Scholar
Coles, J. M. 1986a. ‘Preservation of the past: the case for wet archaeology’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Coles, J. M. 1986b. ‘Irish bogs. The time is now’, North Munster Antiq. J. xxviii.Google Scholar
Coles, J. M. 1986b. in press. ‘The preservation of archaeological sites by environmental intervention’, in Hodges, H. W. M. (ed.), In Situ Archaeological Conservation.Google Scholar
COLES, J. M. and LAWSON, A. J. (eds.) 1986 (now 1987). European Wetlands in Prehistory (Oxford).Google Scholar
Coles, J. M. and Orme, B. J. 1977. ‘Neolithic hurdles from Walton Heath’, Somerset Levels Papers, iii, 6–29.Google Scholar
Crowther, D., French, C. and Pryor, F. 1985. ‘Approaching the Fens the flexible way’, in Haselgrove, C., Millett, M. and Smith, I. (eds.), Archaeology from the Ploughsoil. Studies in the Collection and Interpretation of Field Survey Data (Sheffield), 59–76.Google Scholar
Darbishire, R. D. 1874. ‘Notes on discoveries in Ehenside Tarn, Cumberland’, Archaeologia, xliv, 273–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deyte, S. 1983. Les Bois sculptis des sources de la Seine, Gallia Supp. xlii (Paris).Google Scholar
Dixon, T. N. 1982. ‘A survey of crannogs in Loch Tay’, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot, cxii, 17–38.Google Scholar
Egloff, M. 1977. ‘Les fouilles d'Auvernier de 1971 á 1975’, Mitteil. Schweizer. Gesell. Ur- und Friihgeschichte, xxx/xxxi, 2–4.Google Scholar
Egloff, M. 1981. ‘Versunkene Dörfer der Urnenfelderzeit im Neuenburger See’, Arch. Korrespond. xi, 55–63Google Scholar
Egloff, M. 1986. ‘130 years of archaeological research in Lake Neuchatel, Switzerland’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Field, N. (n.d.). Fiskerton in the Iron Age (Lincoln).Google Scholar
Fleming, A. 1984. ‘The prehistoric landscape of Dartmoor: wider implications’, Landscape History, vi, 5–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, C. and Taylor, M. 1985. ‘Desiccation and destruction: the immediate effects of de-watering at Etton, Cambridgeshire’, Oxford J. Arch. iv, 139–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilbertson, D. D. 1984. ‘Early Neolithic utilisation and management of alder carr at Skipsea Witthow mere, Holderness’, Yorks. Arch. J. lvi, 17–22.Google Scholar
Gilliland, M. S. 1975. The Material Culture of Key Marco (Gainesville).Google Scholar
Girling, M. A. 1984. ‘Investigation of a second insect assemblage from the Sweet Track’, Somerset Levels Papers, x, 79–91.Google Scholar
GRATTAN, D. (ed.) 1982. Proceedings of the ICOM Waterlogged Wood Working Group Conference, Ottawa, 1981 (Ottawa).Google Scholar
Groube, L. M. 1978. ‘Priorities and problems in Dorset archaeology’, in Darvill, T. C., Pearson, M. Parker, Smith, R. W. and Thomas, R. M. (eds.), New Approaches to our Past (Southampton), 29–52.Google Scholar
Haarnagel, W. 1979. Die Grabung Feddersen Wierde. Methode, Hausbau, Siedlungs- und Wirtschaftsformen sowie Sozialstruktur (Wiesbaden).Google Scholar
Agberg, U. E. 1967. The Archaeology of Skedemosse (Stockholm).Google Scholar
Hall, D. N. 1981. ‘Cambridgeshire Fenland: an intensive archaeological field survey’, in Rowley, R. T. (ed.), The Evolution of Marshland Landscapes (Oxford), 52–73.Google Scholar
Hall, D. N. 1985. ‘Survey work in Eastern England’, in Macready, S. and Thompson, F. H. (eds.), Archaeological Field Survey in Britain and Abroad, Soc. Antiq. Occ. Pap. (n.s.), vi (London).Google Scholar
Hall, D. N. 1986. Fenland Landscape and Settlement between Peterborough and March, East Anglian Archaeology, Fenland monograph, ii.Google Scholar
Hall, D., Evans, C., Hodder, I. and Pryor, F. 1986. ‘The Fenlands of East Anglia, England: survey and excavation’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Hall, R. 1984. The Excavations at York: the Viking Dig (London).Google Scholar
HAWORTH, E. Y. and LUND, J. W. G. (eds.) 1984. Lake Sediments and Environmental History: Studies in Palaeolimnology and Palaeoecology in Honour of Winifred Tutin (Leicester).Google Scholar
Hayen, H. 1985. ‘Bergung, wissenschaftliche Untersuchung und Konservierung moor-archaologischer Funde’, Archdologische Mitteilungen aus Nordwestdeutschland, viii, 1–43.Google Scholar
Hayen, H. 1986. ‘Peat-bog archaeology in Lower Saxony, West Germany’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Hayes, P. 1985. ‘Relating fen edge sediments, stratigraphy and archaeology near Billingborough, south Lincolnshire’, in Fieller, N. R. J., Gilbertson, D. D. and Ralph, N. G. A. (eds.), Palaeo-environmental Investigations, B.A.R. S258 (Oxford).Google Scholar
Herteig, A. A. 1962. Bryggen i Bergen (Bergen).Google Scholar
Herteig, A. A. 1969. Kongers havn og Handels sete (Oslo).Google Scholar
HINZ, H. (ed.) 1974. Bosau I, Offa-Bücher, xxxi (Neumünster).Google Scholar
HINZ, H. (ed.) 1977 Bosau II, Offa-Bücher, xxxvii (Neumiinster).Google Scholar
HINZ, H. (ed.) 1980. Bosau IV, Offa-Bücher, xlii (Neumunster).Google Scholar
Johnson, R. 1985. ‘Large waterlogged timber structures excavated on the Billingsgate excavation, London 1982’, in Centre d'Étude et de Traitement des Bois Gorgés d'Eau, Grenoble, Actes de Ia ze Conférence du groupe de travail Bois gorges d'eau de I'ICOM (Grenoble), 63–9.Google Scholar
Kiefmann, H.-M. 1978. Bosau III, Offa-Bücher, xxxviii (Neumünster).Google Scholar
Kossack, G. 1980. Archsum auf Sylt I (Mainz).Google Scholar
Longley, D. 1980. Runnymede Bridge 1976: Excavations on the Site of a Late Bronze Age Settlement, Res. Vol. Surrey Arch. Soc. vi.Google Scholar
Louwe KOOIJMANS, L. P. 1985. Sporen in het land. De Nederlandse delta in de prehistorie (Amsterdam).Google Scholar
Louwe KOOIJMANS, L. P. 1986. ‘Neolithic settlement and subsistence in the wetlands of the Rhine/Meuse delta of the Netherlands’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Loy, T. 1983. ‘Prehistoric blood residues: detection on tool surfaces and identification of species of origin’, Science, ccxx, 1269–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, A. T. 1985. ‘Toghers or causeways: some evidence from archaeological, literary, historical and place-name sources’, Proc. Royal Irish Acad. lxxxvC, 37–60.Google Scholar
Lythe, S. G. E. 1962. ‘The organisation of drainage and embankment in medieval Holderness’, Yorks. Arch. J. xxxiv, 282-95.Google Scholar
Macdonald, G. F. 1982. ‘The management of wet site archaeological resources’, in Grattan 1982, 123–8.Google Scholar
Macdonald, G. F. 1983. Haida Monumental Art. Villages of the Queen Charlotte Islands (Vancouver).Google Scholar
Malmer, M. P. 1978. ‘Forskningsprojektet Alvastra palbyggnad’, Fornvännen, lxxiii, 149–57.Google Scholar
Malmer, M. P. and Bartholin, T. 1983. ‘Paelebygning’, Skalk, no. 4, 18–27.Google Scholar
Milne, G. 1985. The Roman Port of London (London).Google Scholar
Milne, G. and Hobley, B. 1981. WaterfrontArchaeology in Britainand NorthernEurope, C.B.A. Res. Rep. xli (London).Google Scholar
Milne, G. and Milne, C. 1981. Medieval Waterfront Development at TrigLane, London, London and Middlesex Arch. Soc. Special Paper, iv (London).Google Scholar
Morris, G. 1984. ‘Microwear and organic residue studies on Sweet Track flints’, Somerset Levels Papers, x, 97–106.Google Scholar
Morrison, I. 1985. Landscape with Lake Dwellings. The Crannogs of Scotland (Edinburgh).Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1985. ‘Neolithic and Bronze Age settlement on the buried floodplains of Runnymede’, Oxford J. Arch. iv, 125–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Needham, S. and Longley, D. 1980. ‘Runnymede Bridge, Egham: a Late Bronze Age riverside settlement’, in Barrett, J. and Bradley, R. (eds.), The British Later Bronze Age, B.A.R. 83 (Oxford), 397–436.Google Scholar
Neustupny, E. 1985. ‘K holocénu Komoranského jezera’, Památky Archeologické, lxxvi, 9–70.Google Scholar
O'CONNOR, T. P., Hall, A. R., Jones, A. K. G. and Kenward, H. K. 1984. ‘Ten years of environmental archaeology at York’, in Addyman, P. V. and Black, V. E. (eds.), Archaeological Papers from York Presented to M. W. Barley (York), 166–72.Google Scholar
Orme, B. 1981. Anthropology for Archaeologists (London).Google Scholar
Perini, R. 1983. Scavi archeologici nella zona palafitticola di Fiavé-Carera, i (Trento).Google Scholar
Orme, B. 1986. ‘The typology of the structures on Bronze Age wetland settlements at Fiavé and Lavagnone in the Italian Alpine foothills’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Pilcher, J. R., Baillie, M. G. L., Schmidt, B. and Becker, B. 1984. ‘A 7272-year tree-ring chronology for western Europe’, Nature, cccxii, 150–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, T. W. and Jackson, R. P. J. 1982. ‘The Roman site of Stonea, Cambridgeshire’, Antiquity, lvi, 111–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potter, T. W. and Jackson, R. P. J. 1984-1985. ‘The British Museum excavations at Stonea’, FenlandResearch, ii, 9–15.Google Scholar
Pritchard, F. A. 1984. ‘Late Saxon textiles from the City of London’, Med. Arch. xxviii, 46–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proudfoot, E. V. W. 1982. ‘The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland archaeological field survey’, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot. cxii, 1–16.Google Scholar
Pryor, F. M. M. 1983. ‘South-west Fen-edge survey, 1982-83: an interim report’, Northamptonshire Arch. xviii, 165–9.Google Scholar
Pryor, F. M. M. and French, C. A. I. 1985. Archaeology and Environment in the Lower Welland Valley, East Anglian Archaeology, xxvii.Google Scholar
Pryor, F. M. M., French, C. A. I. and Taylor, M. 1986. ‘Flag Fen, Fengate, Peterborough I: discovery, reconnaissance and initial excavation (1982-1985)’, P.P.S. lii.Google Scholar
Purdy, B. A. 1982. ‘Survey, recovery and treatment of wooden artifacts in Florida’, in Grattan 1982, 159–69.Google Scholar
Raftery, B. 1986. ‘A wooden trackway of Iron Age date in Ireland’, Antiquity, lx, 50–3.Google Scholar
REEVES-SMYTH, T. and HAMOND, F. (eds.) 1983. Landscape Archaeology in Ireland, B.A.R. 116 (Oxford).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
R.C.A.H.M. Scotland. 1963. Stirlingshire (H.M.S.O.).Google Scholar
Ruoff, E. 1981. ‘Stein- und bronzezeitliche Textilfunde aus dem Kanton Zürich’, Helvetia Archaeologica, xlv-xlviii, 252–64.Google Scholar
Ruoff, U. 1981. ‘Die Ufersiedlungen an Zurich- und Greifensee’, Helvetia Archaeologica, xlv-xlviii, 19–61.Google Scholar
Ruoff, U. 1986. ‘Archaeological investigations beside Lake Zurich and Lake Greifen’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar
Ryan, M. 1984. ‘Archaeological excavations at Lough Boora, Boughal townland, Co. Offaly, 1977’, Proc. 7th Int. Peal Congress Dublin, June 18-23 1984 i, 407–13.Google Scholar
Schadla-HALL, R. T. and Cloutman, E. 1985. ‘One cannot dig at random in a peat bog. The eastern Vale of Pickering and the archaeology of a buried landscape’, in Haselgrove, C., Millett, M. and Smith, I. (eds.), Archaeologyfromthe Ploughsoil. Studies in the Collection and Interpretation of Field Survey Data (Sheffield), 77–86.Google Scholar
Sears, W. H. 1982. Fort Center. An Archaeological Site in the Lake Okeechobee Basin (Gainesville).Google Scholar
Selirand, J. and Tonisson, E. 1984. Through Past Millennia. Archaeological Discoveries in Estonia (Tallinn).Google Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1911. ‘Lake-dwellings in Holderness, Yorks.’, Archaeologia, lxii, 593–610.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stead, I. M., Bourke, J. B. and Brothwell, D. 1986. Lindow Man. The Body in the Bog (London).Google Scholar
Stewart, D. A., Walker, A. and Dickson, J. H. 1984. ‘Pollen diagrams from Dubh Lochan, near Loch Lomond’, New Phytol. xcviii, 531–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
THOMS, L. M. (ed.) 1979. Early Man in the Scottish Landscape, Scottish Arch. Forum, ix.Google Scholar
Wagner, P. 1984. ‘Holzbrucken und Opferplatz im Moor bei Riedstadt-Goddelau, Bundesland Hessen’, Fomvännen, lxxix, 221–41.Google Scholar
Wright, E. V. 1976. The North Ferriby Boats, a Guide Book, Maritime monographs and reports, xxiii.Google Scholar
Wyss, R. 1976. Das jungsteinzeitliche Jdger-Bauerndorf von Egolzwil 5 im Wauwilermoos, Arch. Forschungen, Schweizerischen Landesmuseum, Zurich.Google Scholar
Zvelebil, M. 1986. ‘Wetland settlements of eastern Europe’, in Coles and Lawson 1986.Google Scholar