Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T05:23:17.542Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Penard-Wilburton Succession: New Metalwork Finds from Croxton (Norfolk) and Thirsk (Yorkshire)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2011

Stuart Needham
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Two important new metalwork groups were exhibited at a Society of Antiquaries ballot (4 May 1989, Needham 1989a). They contain both bronze and gold metalwork including some types that are rare, or as yet unique. Consideration of these finds, along with other associations of Penard to Wilburton date (1200–900 BC), leads to the conclusion that the Wallington complex is best subsumed within Penard (1200–1000 BC) and has minimal overlap with Wilburton. It is acknowledged that Wilburton material shows contrasting regional distributions, but this is seen as resulting from the nature of production and social organization during the tenth century BC. Some discussion is given to the character of hoards in the important period of change from Penard to Wilburton.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 70 , Issue 2 , September 1990 , pp. 253 - 270
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, J. 1882–1883. Notice of a Bronze Spearhead found near Duddo Castle, Northumberland, the property of Sir John Marjoribanks, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot., 5 (new ser.), 93–8Google Scholar
Briard, J. and Mohen, J-P. 1983. Typologie des objets de l'Age du Bronze en France: Fascicule II: poignard, hallebardes, pointes de lance, pointes de flèches, armement défensif, Société Préhistorique Française (Paris)Google Scholar
Britton, D. 1960. The Isleham hoard, Cambridgeshire, Antiquity, 34, 279–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burgess, C. B. 1968a. Bronze Age metalwork in northern England, Oriel Press (Newcastle upon Tyne)Google Scholar
Burgess, C. B. 1968b. The later Bronze Age in the British Isles and north-western France, Archaeol. J., 125, 1–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burgess, C. B. 1979 A find from Boyton, Suffolk, and the end of the Bronze Age in Britain and Ireland, in Burgess, C. B. and Coombs, D. (eds.) 1979, 269–82Google Scholar
Burgess, C. B. and COOMBS, D. (eds.) 1979. Bronze Age hoards: some finds old and new, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. British Ser., 67 (Oxford)Google Scholar
Burgess, C. B. 1979 Preface, in Burgess, C. B. and Coombs, D. (eds.), i–viiGoogle Scholar
Burgess, C. B., Coombs, D. and Davies, D. G. 1972. The Broadward complex and barbed spearheads, in Lynch, F. and Burgess, C. (eds.), Prehistoric Man in Wales and the West; essays in honour of Lily F. Chitty (Bath) 211–83Google Scholar
Clarke, D. V. and Kemp, M. M. B. 1984. A hoard of Late Bronze Age gold objects from Heights of Brae, Ross and Cromarty District, Highland Region, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot., 114, 189–98Google Scholar
Coles, J. M. 1963–1964. Scottish Middle Bronze Age metalwork, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot., 97, 82–156Google Scholar
Colquhoun., I. and Burgess., C. B. 1988. The swords of Britain, Prähistorische Bronzefunde, IV 5. MunichGoogle Scholar
Combe., B. H. 1863. Gold found at Mountfield, Sussex Archaeol. Collect., 15, 238–40Google Scholar
Coombs, D. 1975. Bronze Age weapon hoards in Britain, Archaeologia Atlantica, 1, 49–81Google Scholar
Dalwood, H. 1987. An assemblage of bronze artefacts from Ivinghoe, Buckinghamshire, Oxford J. Archaeol., 6, 29–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davey, P. J. 1973. Bronze Age metalwork from Lincolnshire, Archaeologia, 104, 51–127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, D. G. 1967. The Guilsfield hoard: a reconsideration, Antiq. J., 47, 95–108CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eluère, C. 1982. Les Ors préhistoriques, L'âge du bronze en France, 2. Picard (Paris)Google Scholar
Eogan, G. 1967. The associated finds of gold bar tores, J. Roy. Soc. Antiq. Ireland, 97, 129–75Google Scholar
Eogan, G. 1983. The hoards of the Irish Late Bronze Age, University College (Dublin)Google Scholar
Evans, E. E. 1933. The bronze spearhead in Great Britain and Ireland, Archaeologia, 83, 187–202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenwell, W. and Brewis, W. P. 1909. The origin, evolution, and classification of the bronze spear-head in Great Britain and Ireland, Archaeologia, 61, 439–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregory, T. 1981. Thetford, Current Archaeol., 7 (no. 81), 294–7Google Scholar
Hawkes, C. F. C. and Smith, M. A. 1955. Bronze Age hoards in the British Museum, Inventaria Archaeologica GB. 9–13 (London)Google Scholar
Hawkes, C. F. C. and Clarke, R. R. 1963. Garlstorf and Caister-on-Sea: two finds of Late Bronze Age Irish gold, in Foster, I. L. and Alcock, L. (eds.), Culture and environment (London), 193–250Google Scholar
Harford, C. J. 1803. An account of some antiquities discovered on the Quantock Hills, in Somersetshire, in the year of 1794, Archaeologia, 14, 94–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hook, D. R. and Needham, S. P. 1990. A comparison of the analyses of British and Irish Late Bronze Age gold bracelets, Jewellery Studies, 3, 15–24Google Scholar
Lawson, A. J. 1979. A late Middle Bronze Age hoard from Hunstanton, Norfolk, in Burgess, C. B. and Coombs, D. (eds.) 1979, 42–92Google Scholar
Mortimer, J. R. 1905. Forty years' researches in British and Saxon burial mounds of East Yorkshire (London)Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1980. An assemblage of Late Bronze Age metal working debris from Dainton, Devon, Proc. Prehist. Soc., 46, 177–216CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1981. The Bulford-Helsbury manufacturing tradition: the production of Stogursey socketed axes in the later Bronze Age of southern Britain, Brit. Mus. Occ. Pap., 13 (London)Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1982. The Ambleside hoard: a discovery in the Royal Collections, Brit. Mus. Occ. Pap., 39 (London)Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1987. The Bronze Age, in Bird, J. and Bird, D. G. (eds.) The Archaeology of Surrey to 1540, Surrey Archaeological Society (Guildford), 97–137Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1989a. Exhibits at Ballots, Antiq. J., 69, 324Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1989b. The Bronze hoard, in P. Ellis, Norton Fitzwarren hillfort: a report on the excavations by Nancy and Philip Langmaid between 1968 and 1971, Somerset Archaeol. Natur. Hist., 133, 29–39Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. 1990. The Petters Late Bronze Age metalwork: an analytical study of Thames Valley metalworking in its settlement context, Brit. Mus. Occ. Pap., 70 (London)Google Scholar
Needham, S. P. and Dean, M. 1987. La cargaison de Langdon Bay à Douvres (Grand Bretagne): la signification pour les échanges à travers la Manche, in Blanchet, J-C (ed.), Les relations entre le continent et les Iles Britanniques à l'Age du Bronze: actes du Colloque de Bronze de Lille, 1984, Société Préhistorique Française, 119–24Google Scholar
Needham, S. P., Lawson, A. J. and Green, H. S. 1985. Early Bronze Age hoards. British Bronze Age Metalwork, Associated Finds Series A1–6, British Museum (London)Google Scholar
Northover, J. P. 1989. The gold tore from Saint Helier, Jersey, Annu. Bull. Soc. Jersaise, 25, 112–37Google Scholar
Pearce, S. M. 1983. The Bronze Age metalwork of south-western Britain, Brit. Archaeol. Rep. British Ser., 120, 2vols. (Oxford)Google Scholar
Place, C. forthcoming (Title awaited). Wiltshire Archaeol. Natur. Hist. Mag.Google Scholar
Ramsey, G. 1989. Middle Bronze Age weapons in Ireland. PhD thesis, Queen's University BelfastGoogle Scholar
Rowlands, M. J. 1971. A group of incised decorated armrings and their significance for the Middle Bronze Age of southern Britain, Brit. Mus. Quarterly, 35, 183–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowlands, M. J. 1976. The production and distribution of metalwork in the Middle Bronze Age in southern Britain. Brit. Archaeol. Rep. British Ser., 31, 2vols. (Oxford)Google Scholar
Schmidt, P. K. and Burgess, C. B. 1981. The axes of Scotland and northern England, Prähistorische Bronzefunde, IX.7 (Munich)Google Scholar
Smith, M. A. 1959. Some Somerset hoards and their place in the Bronze Age of southern Britain, Proc. Prehist. Soc., 25, 144–87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, R. A. 1920. A guide to the antiquities of the Bronze Age, British Museum (London)Google Scholar
Taylor, J. J. 1980. Bronze Age goldwork of the British Isles, Cambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Trollope, E. 1857. Antiquities and works of Art exhibited, Archaeol. J., 14, 92–3Google Scholar