Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-21T10:02:07.013Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A FOUNTAIN BASIN SCULPTED BY DRUDUS DE TRIVIO (fl c 1230–40): A RECONSIDERATION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 October 2019

Elizabeth Freeman
Elizabeth Freeman*
Affiliation:
49 Sandwich House, Sandwich Street, London WC1H 9PR, UK. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This article looks at a fountain basin that is of outstanding art-historical interest as a surviving example of secular Romanesque sculpture. The fountain basin is signed by the Italian sculptor Drudus de Trivio and is dated c 1240. The article situates the fountain basin within Drudus’s oeuvre – most notably the ciborium in Ferentino and the choir-screens at Cività Castellana – and relates it to the recently completed cloister sculpture of the Lateran and San Paolo fuori le mura, of which Drudus had close knowledge. Possible sources are explored, and chronology, classical precedents and the innovative use of garlands are discussed. A new translation of the inscription, which has been rather neglected in previous studies, is offered. The translation places the inscription within the wider context of Italian fountain inscriptions and is used to suggest that the fountain was secular in purpose with the aim of querying the long-standing view that Drudus carried out only liturgical sculpture, thereby adding to our understanding of the work of the Cosmati.

Type
Research paper
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 99 , September 2019 , pp. 105 - 132
Copyright
© The Society of Antiquaries of London, 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Altman, W 1905. Die Römischen Grabaltäre der Keiserzeit, Weidmann, Berlin Google Scholar
Ames-Lewis, F 1997. Tuscan Marble Carving 1250–1350: sculpture and civic pride, Ashgate, Aldershot Google Scholar
Arias, P E, Cristiani, E and Gabba, E 1977. Camposanto monumentale di Pisa: le antichità, romane e medioevali, Pacini, Pisa Google Scholar
Augenti, A and Munzi, M 1997. Scrivere la città: le epigrafi tardoantiche e medievali di Volterra (secoli IV–XIV), All’Insegna del Giglio, Florence Google Scholar
Barberini, M G (ed) 2008. Tracce di Pietra: la collezione dei marmi di Palazzo Venezia, Campisano, Rome Google Scholar
Bargagli-Petrucci, F 1906. Le fonti di Siena e I loro acquedotti, 2 vols, Olscksi, Siena Google Scholar
Bassan, E 1992. Dizionario biografico degli Italiani, 41, Treccani, Rome, 717–19Google Scholar
Beneš, C E 2011. Urban Legends: civic identity and the classical past in northern Italy, 1250–1350, Pennsylvania State University Press, Pennsylvania Google Scholar
Bessone Aureli, A M 1935. I marmorari romani, Societá anonima, Milan, Genoa, Rome, Naples Google Scholar
Biferali, F 2005. ‘“Ridicula Monstruositas” spunti iconografici sul chiostro dei Vassalletto in San Paolo fuori le mura’, Arte Medievale, new ser. IV, 45–57 Google Scholar
Black, R 2001. Humanism and Education in Medieval and Renaissance Italy: tradition and innovation in Latin schools from the twelfth to the fifteenth century, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bologna, F 1997. La Fontana della Rivera all’Aquila detta delle ‘Novantanove cannelle’, Textus, L’Aquila Google Scholar
Braunfels, W 1953. Mittelalterliche Stadtbaukunst in der Toskana, Gebrüder, Mann Verlag, Berlin Google Scholar
Burkert, W 1992. The Orientalising Revolution: near eastern influence on Greek culture in the early archaic age, trans Pinder, E , W Burkert, , Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass, and London Google Scholar
Clausse, G 1897. Les marbriers romains et le mobilier presbytéral, Leroux, Paris Google Scholar
Claussen, P C 1980. ‘Scultura romana tra il 1200 e il 1268’, in Atti della III settimana di studi di storia dell’arte medievale dell’università di Roma, Federico II e l’arte del 1200 italiano: Roma, 15–20 May 1978, 325–38, 2 vols, I GalatinaGoogle Scholar
Claussen, P C 1987. Magistri Doctissimi Romani, die Römischen Marmorkünstler des Mittelalters, Steiner, Stuttgart Google Scholar
Claussen, P C 1998. ‘Marmi antichi nel medioevo romano: l’arte dei Cosmati’, in Borghini, G (ed), Marmi antichi, 65–79, De Luca, Rome Google Scholar
Claussen, P C 2000. ‘Marmo e Splendore. Architettura, arredi liturgici, “spoliae”’, in Andaloro, M , S Romano, (eds), Art e Iconografia a Roma: da Costantino a Cola di Rienzo, Storia dell’arte 15, 193–226, Jaca book, Milan Google Scholar
Claussen, P C 2008. ‘Die Kirchen der Stadt Rom im Mittelalter (1050–1300): S Giovanni’, in Laterano (Corpus Cosamatorum, vol ii, 2), Steiner, Stuttgart Google Scholar
D’Achille, A M 2000. Da Pietro d’Oderisio ad Arnolfo di Cambio, Sintesi informazione, Rome Google Scholar
Dietl, A 2009. Die Sprache der Signatur: die mittelalterlichen Künstlerinschriften Italiens, 4 vols, Deutscher Verlag, Berlin Google Scholar
Dorl-Klingenschmid, C 2001. Prunkbrunnen in Kleinasiastischen Städten: Funktion im Kontext, Dr Frierich Pfeil, Munich Google Scholar
Enlart, C 1904. Manuel d’archéologie française depuis les temps mérovingiens jusqu’à la Renaissance, vol 2, pt 1, Auguste Picard, Paris Google Scholar
Fedele, P 1905. ‘Il Leopardo e l’agnello di casa Frangipane’, Archivio della Reale Società di Storia Patria, 28, 207–14Google Scholar
Galieti, A 1909. ‘Il castello di Cività Lavinia: appunti di storia e documenti’, Archivio della Società Romana di Storia Patria, 32, 174–283 Google Scholar
Gardner, J 1992. The Tomb and the Tiara: curial tomb sculpture in Rome and Avignon in the later Middle Ages, Clarendon Press, Oxford Google Scholar
Gardner, J 2011. Giotto and His Publics: three paradigms of patronage, Harvard University Press, Cambridge CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardner, J 2013. The Roman Crucible: the artistic patronage of the papacy 1198–1304, Hirmer, Munich Google Scholar
Gianandrea, M 2006. La Scena del sacro : L’arredo liturgico nel basso Lazio tra XI e XIV secolo, Viella, Rome Google Scholar
Gianandrea, M 2008. ‘Il Lapidario di Palazzo Venezia e la scultura medievale a Roma’, 206 cat no 42, in Barberini, M G 2008Google Scholar
Gianandrea, M 2012. ‘Drudo de Trivio e Luca di Cosma: gli artisti, le opere e il loro intervento a Cività Castellana’, in Creti, L (ed), La Cattedrale cosmatesca di Cività Castellana, 217–32, ‘L’Erma’ di Bretschneider, Rome Google Scholar
Giovanoni, G 1904a. ‘Drudus de Trivio marmorario romano’, in Miscellanea per nozze Hermanin-Hausmann, 23–32, Rome Google Scholar
Giovanoni, G 1904b. ‘Note sui marmorari romani’, Archivio Reale Società Romana di Storia Patria, 27, 3–26 Google Scholar
Heers, J 1990. La ville au Moyen Âge en Occident, Fayard, Paris Google Scholar
Hermanin, F 1948. Il Palazzo di Venezia, La libreria dello Stato, Rome Google Scholar
Hermes, E (ed and trans) 1977. The Disciplina Clericalis of Petrus Alfonsi, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 16 Google Scholar
Hoffmann-Curtius, K 1968. Das Programm der Fontana Maggiore in Perugia, Düsseldorf Google Scholar
Huskinson, J 2015. Roman Strigillated Sarcophagi: art and social history, Oxford University Press, Oxford CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutton, E 1950. The Cosmati: the Roman marble workers of the XIIth and XIIIth centuries, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London Google Scholar
Jentel, M-O 1997. Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC) VIII.1 et supplementum, Artemis, Zurich and Munich Google Scholar
Kapossy, B 1969. Brunnenfiguren Der Hellenistischen und Römischen Zeit, Juris Druck, Zurich Google Scholar
Koch, G and Sichtermann, H 1982. Handbuch der Archäologie. Römische Sarkophage, CH Beck’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich Google Scholar
Langeli, B and Marchioli, G 1996. ‘Le Scritte incise della Fontana Maggiore’, in Santini, C (ed), Il Linguaggio figurativo della Fontana Maggiore di Perugia, 163–95, Ex aere tabularia, Calzetti-Mariucci, Perugia Google Scholar
Langeli, B and Zurli, L 1996. L’iscrizione in versi della Fontana Maggiore di Perugia, Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, Rome Google Scholar
Latini, M 1998–9. ‘Il Lapidarium Medievale del Museo Nazionale del Palazzo di Venezia in Roma’, unpublished degree thesis, University of Tuscia (Viterbo)Google Scholar
Law, V 1999. ‘“Why write a verse grammar”’, J. Medieval Latin, 9, 46–76 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mauri, C 2013. La Cività medievale di Lanuvio: analisi archeologica e topografica del castello e del territorio di Lanuvio dall’epoca romana al Medioevo e primo Rinascimento, Aracne, Rome Google Scholar
Milone, A 1992. ‘Capitello a stampella con decorazioni fogliacee’, in Castelnuovo, E (ed), Niveo di marmore: l’uso artistico del marmo di Carrara dall’XI al XV secolo, no. 2, 99, exh. cat. La Cittadella, Sarzana, 1 March–3 May 1992, Edizioni ColomboGoogle Scholar
Milone, A 1993. ‘Sarcofago del giudice Giratto Biduino culture medievali e moderne’, in C Baracchini (ed), I marmi di Lasinio: la collezione di sculture medievali e moderne nel Camposanto, exh. cat. Camposanto and Museo Nazionale di San Matteo, Pisa, 30 July–31 October 1993, 172–4, FlorenceGoogle Scholar
Müller, F G J M 1994. The so-called Peleus and Thetis sarcophagus in the Villa Albani, Gieben, Amsterdam Google Scholar
Nicita, P 2009. Musei e storia dell’arte a Roma. Palazzo Corsini, Palazzo Venezia, Castel Sant’Angelo e Palazzo Barberini tra XIX e XX secolo, Campisano, Rome Google Scholar
Pace, V 2008. ‘Il lapidario di Palazzo Venezia e la scultura medievale a Roma’, in M G, Barberini 2008, 169–74Google Scholar
Petoletti, M 2001. ‘Il “Diversiloquium” di Bonaiuto da Casentino, poeta di curia ai tempi di Bonifacio VIII’, Aevum: rassegna di scienze storiche linguistiche e filologiche, 75, 381–448 Google Scholar
Radke, G M 1996. Viterbo: Profile of a Thirteenth-Century Papal Palace, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Google Scholar
Rees, L and Lewis, M J T 2014. ‘A fragment of Cosmatesque mosaic from Wimborne Minster, Dorset’, Antiq J, 91, 134–51Google Scholar
Reichling, D (ed) 1893. Das Doctrinale des Alexander de Villa-Dei, Monumenta Germaniae Paedagogica, vol 12, Hoffmann, Berlin Google Scholar
Romano, S 2015. Giotto’s O, Viella, Rome Google Scholar
Santangelo, A 1954. Catalogo delle sculture, Museo di Palazzo Venezia, De Luca, Rome Google Scholar
Schneider-Flagmeyer, M 1971. ‘Der Osterleuchter in der Kirche San Lorenzo in Lucina in Rom – ein Werk des Vassallettus III’, Aachener Kunstblätter, 41, 59–64 Google Scholar
Schulz, U 1994. Brunnen im Mittelalter: Politische Ikonographie der Kommunen in Italien, Lang, Frankfurt am Main Google Scholar
Seidel, M 1975. ‘Studien zur Antikenrezeption Nicola Pisanos’, Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz, 19, 307–92Google Scholar
Solomon, J (ed and trans) 2011. Genealogy of the Pagan Gods, I Tatti Renaissance Library 46, Harvard University Press, Cambridge Google Scholar
Terrier Aliferis, L 2016. ‘La fontaine du cloître de l’abbatiale de Saint-Denis: programme iconographique et contexte de création’, Revue de l’art, 1 (191), 27–39 Google Scholar
Thumset, M 1998. DBI, 60, 224–5 Google Scholar
Toesca, P 1927. Storia dell’arte italiana: il medioevo, 1, Unione Tipografico-Editrice, Turin Google Scholar
Tomassetti, G 1910. La Campagna Romana antica, medioevale e moderna: la campagna romana in genere, 1, Ermanno Loescher, Rome Google Scholar
Toscano, B 2005. ‘Fontana Orsini’, in Garibaldi, V. , B Toscano, (eds), Arnolfo di Cambio: una rinascita nell’Umbria medievale (exhibition catalogue), Perugia, Galleria Nazionale dell’Umbria and Orvieto, Sant’Agostino, 7 luglio 2005 – 8 gennaio, Silvana, Cinisello Balsamo, 236–7Google Scholar
Toubert, P 1973. Les Structures du Latium médiéval. Le Latium méridional et la Sabine du IXième siècle à la fin du XIIième siècle, 2 vols, 1, École française de Rome, Rome Google Scholar
van den Hoek, A and Herrmann, J 2000. ‘Paulinus of Nola, courtyards and canthari’, Harvard Theol Rev, 93, 3, 173–219 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Venturi, A 1904. Storia dell’arte italiana: l’arte romanica, 3, Hoepli, Milan Google Scholar
Visentin, L 2016. Alle Fonti del Medio Evo. Fontane medievali dal XIII al XIV secolo in Italia, Helicon, Arezzo Google Scholar
von Mercklin, E 1962. Antike Figurenkapitelle, Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Berlin CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walter, H (ed) 1966. Proverbia sententiaeque Latinitatis medii aevi. Lateinische Sprichwörter und Sentenzen des Mittelalters in Alphabetische Anordnung. II/4, Carmina Mediiaevi posterioris Latina, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen Google Scholar
Walter, H 1969. Proverbia sententiaeque Latinitatis medii aevi. Lateinische Sprichwörter und Sentenzen des Mittelalters in Alphabetische Anordnung. II/6, Carmina Mediiaevi posterioris Latina: Register der Namen, Sachen und Wörter, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen Google Scholar
Weeda, C 2018. ‘Reviewing conduct books: Galenic medicine and the “civilising process” in western European households c 1100–1300’, in Woolgar, C M (ed), The Elite Household in England: proceedings of the 2016 Harlaxton symposium, 167–84, Shaun Tyas, Donington Google Scholar
Wickham, C 2014. Medieval Rome: stability and crisis of a city, 900–1150, Oxford University Press, Oxford CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodward, A M 1914. The Antiquities from Lanuvium in the Museum at Leeds and Elsewhere: vol 7, Papers of the British School at Rome, Macmillan, LondonCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrobel, J (ed) 1887. Eberhardi Bethuniensis Graecismus, Corpus grammaticorum medii aevi, vol 1, Köbner, Bratislava Google Scholar