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The Animal-Headed Torc from Vieille-Toulouse

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

J. V. S. Megaw
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Extract

The bronze animal-headed torc from Vieille-Toulouse, Haute Garonne, which forms part of the Morel Collection now in the British Museum (pls. xl a–b; xli a; fig. 1; diameter 14 cm.), has been but briefly mentioned in print by Jacobsthal, Morel himself, and others and little attention has been paid to its possible stylistic affiliations; the following notes attempt to fill the gap.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 47 , Issue 2 , September 1967 , pp. 209 - 213
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1967

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References

page 209 note 1 Department of British and Medieval Antiquities reg. no. M.L. 1708. Jacobsthal, P., Early Celtic Art (1944)Google Scholar—hereafter abbreviated as E.C.A.—p. 123, n. 1; Morel, L., La Champagne souterraine (1898), pp. 151–2Google Scholar and pl. 37, fig. 1; Smith, R. A., B.M. Guide to the Antiquities of the Early Iron Age (1905), pp. 55–56Google Scholar; Déchelette, J., Manuel d’archéologie celtique IV, Second Âge du Fer (2nd ed. 1927), pp. 716, n. 4, 723Google Scholar; Filip, J., Keltové ve Střední Evropě (1956), p. 156Google Scholar. I am indebted to Dr. I. H. Longworth, F.S.A., Assistant Keeper, Department of British and Medieval Antiquities, British Museum, for information and arranging new illustrations including the drawing of fig. 1 which is the work of Miss M. O. Miller.

page 209 note 2 E.C.A., nos. 16–17; for the grave in general see Paret, O. in I.P.E.K. 17, 1943–8 (1950), 47 ffGoogle Scholar.; Dehn, W. and Frey, O.-H., ‘Chronologie der Hallstatt- und Frühlatènezeit Mitteleuropas’, Atti del VI Congr. Intern, delle Scienze preist. e protostoriche, i (1961), 204Google Scholar; Mariën, M. E. in Hommages à Albert Grenier = Coll. Latomus, 57 (1962), 1113–18Google Scholar.

page 209 note 3 E.C.A., no. 318; Filip, op. cit., pp. 81–82 and Tab. IV, 3–V.

page 209 note 4 E.C.A., no. 384.

page 209 note 5 E.C.A., no. 381; here esp. pl. 181 below.

page 209 note 6 E.C.A., no. 315A.

page 210 note 1 Megaw, J. V. S. in Germania, 45 (1967), 55Google Scholar ff.

page 210 note 2 Op. cit., 56 and Taf. 10. 4.

page 211 note 1 Goessler, P., Der Silberring von Trichtingen (1929)Google Scholar; Powell, T. G. E., The Celts (1958), pp. 262–3Google Scholar; Megaw, J. V. S. in Antiq. Journ. xlii (1962), 27Google Scholar; id. in Helinium, i (1961), 236Google Scholar.

page 211 note 2 E.C.A., no. 70; de Navarro, J. M. in Germania, (1959), 135, n. 17Google Scholar; Megaw in Antiq. Journ. xlii, 27 and n. 2; compare id. in Praehist. Zeitschr., xliii/xliv (1965–6), 138, n. 155. The Frasnes-lez-Buissenal material is now part of the Guennol Collection (belonging to Mr. Alastair Bradley Martin) which has been on loan to the Metropolitan Museum, New York, since 1953.

page 211 note 3 E.C.A., no. 61, esp. pp. 76, 153.

page 211 note 4 e.g. Rodenbach: E.C.A., no. 59, Reinheim: Keller, J., Das keltische Fürstengrab von Reinheim, i (1965)Google Scholar, cat. no. 12, here esp. Taf. 20–22—Schnabelkanne handle mount; Erstfeld, Kt. Uri: E. Vogt in Ill. London News (1963), pp. 48–49, fig. 2—human heads with ram’s horns; Pössneck, Grave 4/5: E.C.A., no. 249; Kaufmann, H., Die vorgeschichtliche Besiedlung des Orlagaues: Katalog (1959), p. 97Google Scholar. Manerbio sulla Mella: E.C.A., no. 84 with pl. 54 top left, Jacobsthal in Am. Journal of Arch. 47 (1943), 311–12Google Scholar.

page 211 note 5 Duval, P.-M., Les Dieux de la Gaule (1957), pp. 46–48Google Scholar; Powell, op. cit., pp. 124, 129, 271–2; Vries, J. de, Keltische Religion (1961), pp. 123–7, 180–1Google Scholar.

page 211 note 6 In general see de Navarro in 40. Ber. RGK 1959 (1960), pp. 102 ff.: Somewhat on their own are the lid figures of the related flagons from Waldalgesheim (E.C.A., no. 387—with nomadic and Basse-Yutz-like shoulder curls) and Reinheim (Keller, op. cit., cat. no. 12, with Taf. 19—with a bearded human face paralleling that above the ram’s head on the handle)—both probably not later than early L.T. Ib.

page 211 note 7 E.G.A., no. 321; Kersten, W. in Praehist. Zeitschr. 24 (1933), 34Google Scholar. Other Tierfibeln of the early phase in which a horse’s head stands above the catch-plate are from eastern Europe, e.g. Janina, Stopnica: Rosen-Przeworska, J. in Arch. Polona, vi (1964), 84Google Scholar and fig. 14.

page 211 note 8 A belt-hook including a horse, but not in the lyre form and thus not commented on by de Navarro although it clearly must be related to such pieces as that from Hölzelsau (E.C.A., no. 360), comes from Lötschental, Ct. Wald: E.C.A., no. 364.

page 212 note 1 Jahrb. Schweiz. Ges. f. Urgesch. 32 (1940–1), 103Google Scholar, and Taf. XXVI, 2.

page 212 note 2 2 Goessler, op. cit. on p. 211, n. 1, pp. 18–19.

page 212 note 3 E.C.A., no. 381; Rice, T. T., The Scythians (1957), p. 183Google Scholar and pls. 44–45—but compare Carter, D., The Symbol of the Beast (1957), p. 130Google Scholar: ‘(the Celts) created no independent designs or any indicating a relationship to Eurasia’s animal style’, See now also Powell in Sbornik Narodniho Muzea v Praze A: xx, 1/2 (1966), 133–6Google Scholar.

page 212 note 4 E.C.A., no. 25; Culican, W., The Medes and Persians (1965), pp. 120–4Google Scholar, pl. 57.

page 212 note 5 Potratz, J. A. H., Die Skythen in Südrussland (1963), pp. 118, 121 ffGoogle Scholar. with Taf. 50, 54.

page 212 note 6 Morel, loc. cit. on p. 209, n. 1, above.

page 212 note 7 Déchelette, op. cit., pp. 475 and 561.

page 212 note 8 De Navarro, op. cit. on p. 211, n. 6, p. 111; Torbrugge, W. in Bayer. Vorgeschhhtsbl. 25 (1960), 16 ff.Google Scholar; Piggott, Stuart, Ancient Europe (1965), pp. 230–2Google Scholar and n. 36. The treasure which Strabo IV. 1, 13 following Poseidonius records as being plundered by the Romans from a sanctuary at Toulouse in 106 B.C. is too late to signify here, although Poseidonius mentions depositions in sacred pools but only of unworked gold and silver.

page 213 note 1 Scandinavia: Stjernqvist, B. in Archaeology, 17 (1964), 180–4Google Scholar; Britain: Ross, A. in Scottish Studies, 6 (1962), 31–48Google Scholar; ibid., pp. 228–34; id., Pagan Celtic Britain (1967), especially pp. 19 ff.; Alcock, J. P. in Arch. Journ. cxxii (1965), 1–12Google Scholar—this last a general study on Celtic water cults in Roman Britain.