Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T10:02:37.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

HID IN THE EARTH AND SECRET PLACES: A REASSESSMENT OF A HOARD OF LATER MEDIEVAL GOLD RINGS AND SILVER COINS FOUND NEAR THE RIVER THAME

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2016

Eleanor R Standley*
Affiliation:
Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology, University of Oxford, Beaumont Street, Oxford OX1 2PH, UK. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

This paper presents a new assessment of the hoard of five gold finger rings and ten silver groats found together near the River Thame, in Oxfordshire, in 1940. It proposes a refined date of manufacture for the exquisite reliquary ring and reports newly identified elements of its design, suggesting that it held a second relic. A holistic understanding of the landscape, topography, contemporary institutions, places and events is used to interpret the hoarded material. It is advocated that the hoarded rings and coins were probably the property of Notley Abbey, not Thame Abbey as has been thought, and that they were rescued from Thomas Cromwell’s Commissioners in 1538 for burial at a place of cultural significance. The paper also draws attention to some of the problems of interpreting and dating hoards and it emphasises the continuity of hoarding practice from prehistory into the later- and post-medieval periods.

Type
Papers
Copyright
© The Society of Antiquaries of London 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Primary sources

AMAA, acc. nos AN1940.224-228, HCR8000Google Scholar
BM, acc. nos AF.882, 1946,0407.1Google Scholar
MFA, acc. no. 53.2375Google Scholar
TNA, SC 8/131/6525 (Petition to the King and Council)Google Scholar
V&A, acc. nos M.225-1962, M.226-1962, M.269-1923, M.268-1923Google Scholar

Published sources

Aitchison, N B 1988. ‘Roman wealth, native ritual: coin hoards within and beyond Roman Britain’, World Archaeol, 20 (2),270284 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, J and Binski, P (eds) 1987. Age of Chivalry: art in Plantagenet England 1200–1400, Royal Academy of Arts, London Google Scholar
Allen, M 2002. ‘English coin hoards, 1158–1544’, Brit Numis J, 72, 2484 Google Scholar
Allen, M 2012. Mints and Money in Medieval England, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, M 2015. ‘Coin hoards in England and Wales, c 973–1544’, in Naylor and Bland 2015, 147166 Google Scholar
Anderson, W 2004. ‘Re-discovery, collecting and display of English medieval alabasters’, J Hist Collect, 16 (1), 4758 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, W 2010. ‘Blessing the fields? A study of late-medieval ampullae from England and Wales’, Medieval Archaeol, 54 (1), 182203 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anon 1867. ‘Antiquities and works of art exhibited’, Archaeol J, 24, 82 Google Scholar
Besserman, L 2006. ‘ Imitatio Christi in the later Middle Ages and in contemporary film: three paradigms’, Florilegium, 23 (1), 223249 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bland, R 2015. ‘Hoarding in Britain from the Bronze Age to the 20th century: an overview’, in Naylor and Bland 2015, 120 Google Scholar
Blick, S 2011. ‘Votives, images, interaction and pilgrimage to the tomb and shrine of St Thomas Becket, Canterbury Cathedral’, in S Blick and L Gelfand (eds), Push Me, Pull You: art and devotional interaction in late medieval and Renaissance art, 2158, Brill Academic Press, Leiden CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R 2015. ‘Hoards as places: the example of Bronze Age archaeology’, in Naylor and Bland 2015, 2126 Google Scholar
Buckinghamshire County Council 2009. Long Crendon: Buckinghamshire historic towns assessment report, Buckinghamshire Historic Towns Project, Buckinghamshire County Council with the sponsorship of English Heritage and the support of Aylesbury Vale District Council, <http://www.buckscc.gov.uk/media/1567493/Long-Crendon-Report.pdf> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)+(accessed+10+Sept+2016)>Google Scholar
Campbell, M 2003. ‘Paris – mirror or lamp to English medieval royal goldsmiths?’, The Ricardian, 13, 100113 Google Scholar
Campbell, M 2009. Medieval Jewellery in Europe 1100–1500, V&A Publications, London Google Scholar
Cessford, C, Newman, R, Allen, M and Hinton, D 2011. ‘The Dolphin Inn Hoard: re-examining the early nineteenth-century discovery of a mid-thirteenth-century hoard from Cambridge’, Archaeol J, 168 (1),272284 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherry, J 1973. ‘The medieval jewellery from the Fishpool, Nottinghamshire, Hoard’, Archaeologia, 104, 307321 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cherry, J 2000. ‘Treasure in earthen vessels: jewellery and plate in late medieval hoards’, in E M Tyler (ed), Treasure in the Medieval West, 157174, York Medieval Press, York Google Scholar
Department for Culture, Media and Sport 2003. Treasure Annual Report 2003, DCMS, <https://finds.org.uk/documents/treasurereports/2003.pdf> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)+(accessed+10+Sept+2016)>Google Scholar
Descatoire, C (ed) 2009. Treasures of the Black Death, Wallace Collection, London Google Scholar
Dickinson, J C 1951. ‘English Regular Canons and the continent in the twelfth century’, Trans Roy Hist Soc, 5th ser, 1, 7189 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ditchfield, P H and Page, W (eds) 1907. ‘Houses of Benedictine monks: the Abbey of Reading’, in A History of the County of Berkshire. Volume 2, 6273, VCH, London, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/berks/vol2/pp62-73> (accessed 12 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Eichberger, D 2003. ‘A cultural centre in the southern Netherlands: the court of Archduchess Margaret of Austria (1480–1530)’, in M Gosman, A MacDonald and A Vanderjagt (eds), Princes and Princely Culture 1450–1650, Brill, Leiden Google Scholar
Evans, J, Litt, D, Leeds, E T and Thompson, A 1941. ‘A hoard of gold rings and silver groats found near Thame, Oxfordshire’, Antiq J, 21 (3), 197202 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furnivall, F J (ed) 1964. Fifty Earliest English Wills in the Court of Probate, London: AD 1387–1439: with a priest’s of 1454, Church of England Province of Canterbury, Prerogative Court, University of Michigan Humanities Text Initiative 1999, <http://name.umdl.umich.edu/EEWills> (accessed 1 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Gairdner, J (ed) 1892. ‘Henry VIII: June 1538, 26–30’, in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII. Volume 13, Part 1: January–July 1538, 464491, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol13/no1/pp464-491> (accessed 1 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Gairdner, J (ed) 1893a. ‘Henry VIII: September 1538, 16–20’, in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII. Volume 13, Part 2: August–December 1538, 141154, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol13/no2/pp141-154> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Gairdner, J (ed) 1893b. ‘Henry VIII: December 1538, 26–31’, in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII. Volume 13, Part 2: August–December 1538, 475496, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol13/no2/pp475-496> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Gairdner, J and Brodie, R H (eds) 1894. ‘Letters and papers: January 1539, 26–31’, in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII. Volume 14, Part 1: January–July 1539, 5177, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol14/no1/pp51-77> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Gairdner, J and Brodie, R H (eds) 1895a. ‘Letters and Papers: September 1539, 26–30’, in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII. Volume 14, Part 2: August–December 1539, 67102, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol14/no2/pp67-102> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Gairdner, J and Brodie, R H (eds) 1895b. ‘Letters and papers: November 1539, 16–20’, in Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII. Volume 14, Part 2: August–December 1539, 185196, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/letters-papers-hen8/vol14/no2/pp185-196> (accessed 10 Sept 2016).Google Scholar
Griffiths, D, Reynolds, A and Semple, S (eds) 2003. Boundaries in Early Medieval Britain, Anglo-Saxon Stud Archaeol Hist 12, Oxford University School of Archaeology, Oxford Google Scholar
Haigh, C and Loades, D 1981. ‘Fortunes of the shrine of St Mary of Caversham’, Oxoniensia, 46, 6272 Google Scholar
Hall, M 2007. ‘Crossing the pilgrimage landscape: some thoughts on a Holy Rood reliquary from the River Tay at Carpow, Perth and Kinross, Scotland’, in S Blick (ed), Beyond Pilgrim Souvenirs and Secular Badges: essays in honour of Brian Spencer, 7591, Oxbow Books, Oxford Google Scholar
Hall, M 2012a. ‘Coin finds from Perth 1812–2008, Appendix 2’, in D W Hall, I Goodall, A Goodall, J Cherry and A Curteis, Perth High Street Archaeological Excavation 1975–1977. Fascicule 2: The Ceramics, Metalwork and Wood, 383388, Tayside and Fife Archaeological Committee, Perth Google Scholar
Hall, M 2012b. ‘Money isn’t everything: the cultural life of coins in the medieval burgh of Perth, Scotland’, J Social Archaeol, 12 (1),7291 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamerow, H 2006. ‘Special deposits in Anglo-Saxon settlements’, Medieval Archaeol, 50, 130 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinton, D 2005. Gold and Gilt, Pots and Pins: possessions and people in medieval Britain, Oxford University Press, Oxford CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunt, J 1973. ‘A silver gilt casket, and the Thame ring’, in P Bloch (ed), Intuition und Kunstwissenschaft: Festschrift für Hanns Swarzenski zum 70. Geburtstag am 30 August 1973, 345353, Gebr. Mann, Berlin Google Scholar
Jenkins, G 1954. ‘The lost cartulary of Nutley Abbey’, Huntington Library Quarterly, 17 (4), 379396 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelleher, R M 2012. ‘The re-use of coins in medieval England and Wales c 1050–1550: an introductory survey’, Yorkshire Numismatist, 4, 183200 Google Scholar
Kelleher, R M 2013. ‘Coins, monetisation and re-use in medieval England and Wales: new interpretations made possible by the Portable Antiquities Scheme’, unpublished PhD thesis, Durham UniversityGoogle Scholar
Lewis, C P 2011. ‘Framing medieval Chester: the landscape of urban boundaries’, in C A M Clarke (ed), Mapping the Medieval City: space, place and identity in Chester c 1200–1600, 4256, University of Wales Press, Cardiff Google Scholar
Lobel, M (ed) 1962. ‘Thame: topography, manors and estates’, in A History of the County of Oxford. Volume 7: Dorchester and Thame Hundreds, 160178, VCH, London, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol7/pp160-178> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Naylor, J 2015. ‘The deposition and hoarding of non-precious metals in early medieval England’, in Naylor and Bland 2015, 125146 Google Scholar
Naylor, J and Bland, R (eds) 2015. Hoarding and the Deposition of Metalwork from the Bronze Age to the 20th Century: a British perspective, BAR Brit Ser 615, Archaeopress, OxfordCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Netzer, N 1991. Medieval Objects in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston: metalwork, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Google Scholar
Nicolas, N H (ed) 1826. Testamenta Vetusta, Vol 1; being illustrations from wills, of manners, customs, &c. as well as of the descents and possessions of many distinguished families. From the reign of Henry the Second to the accession of Queen Elizabeth, Nichols & Son, London Google Scholar
Oman, C 1974. British Rings 800–1914, Batsford, London Google Scholar
Page, W 1906. ‘Houses of Austin canons: the priory of Walsingham’, in A History of the County of Norfolk. Volume 2, 394–401, VCH,London, <http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/norf/vol2/pp394-401> (accessed 10 Sept 2016)Google Scholar
Pantin, W A 1941. ‘Notley Abbey’, Oxoniensia, 6, 2243 Google Scholar
Rackham, O 2000. The History of the Countryside, Phoenix Press, London Google Scholar
Reece, R 2015. ‘The composition of hoards’, in Naylor and Bland 2015, 93100 Google Scholar
Semple, S J 2008. ‘Polities and princes AD 400–800: new perspectives on the funerary landscape of the south Saxon kingdom’, Oxford J Archaeol, 27 (4), 407429 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Semple, S J 2013. Perceptions of the Prehistoric in Anglo-Saxon England: religion, ritual and rulership in the landscape, Oxford University Press, Oxford CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheahan, J J 1862. History and Topography of Buckinghamshire: comprising a general survey of the county, preceded by an epitome of the early history of Great Britain, Longman, Green, Longman & Roberts, London Google Scholar
Spencer, B 2010. Pilgrim Souvenirs and Secular Badges, new edn, Medieval Finds from Excavations in London, Boydell Press, Woodbridge Google Scholar
Standley, E R 2013. Trinkets and Charms: the use, meaning and significance of dress accessories 1300–1700, Oxford Univ School Archaeol Monogr 78, Oxford Google Scholar
Stocker, D and Everson, P 2003. ‘The straight and narrow way: Fenland causeways and the conversion of the landscape in the Witham Valley, Lincolnshire’, in M Carver (ed), The Cross Goes North: processes of conversion in northern Europe, AD 300–1300, 271288, Boydell Press, Woodbridge Google Scholar
Voltelini, H von 1890. ‘Urkunden und Regesten aus dem K. u. K. Haus-, Hof- und Staats-Archiv in Wien’, Jahrbuch der Kunsthistorischen Sammlungen des Allerhochsten Kaiserhauses, 11, i--lxxxiii, <http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/jbksak1890/0363> (accessed 12 Sept 2016)+(accessed+12+Sept+2016)>Google Scholar
Ward, A, Cherry, J, Gere, C and Cartlidge, B 1981. The Ring from Antiquity to the Twentieth Century, Thames & Hudson, London Google Scholar
Webb, D 2000. Pilgrimage in Medieval England, Hambledon and London, London Google Scholar
Yates, D and Bradley, R 2010. ‘The siting of metalwork hoards in the Bronze Age of south-east England’, Antiq J, 90, 4172 CrossRefGoogle Scholar