^{page 346 note 1} Leeds, E. T., Celtic Ornament in the British Isles down to A.D. 700 (1933), pp. 118–26 and fig. 33.Google Scholar

^{page 346 note 2} P.P.S. xxviii (1962), 17–57Google Scholar.

^{page 346 note 3} Ibid., 34.

^{page 348 note 1} Medieval Archaeology, x (1966), 74, figs. 26–7 and pl. 11Google Scholar.

^{page 348 note 2} Trans. Thoroton Soc. of Nottinghamshire, lxvi (1962), 20, fig. 1 and pl. 1Google Scholar.

^{page 348 note 3} Journ. Chester Arch. Soc. liv (1967), 19, fig. 5Google Scholar.

^{page 348 note 4} Proc. Cambridge Antiq. Soc. Ix (1967), 81, fig. 1Google Scholar. Proc. Suffolk Inst. of Arch, xxx (1966), 284, pl. XLVIGoogle Scholar.

^{page 348 note 5} Trans. Bristol and Glos. Arch. Soc. lxxix (1960), 280, fig. 8, 13Google Scholar. Wilts. Arch. Mag. lxv (1970), 162, fig. 24Google Scholar. Several louvers will be published in Excavations in Medieval Southampton 1953–1969 (eds. C. P. S. Piatt and R. Coleman-Smith), Leicester University Press, forthcoming.

^{page 348 note 6} In Deal Castle Museum.

^{page 349 note 1} Archaeologia, cii (1969), 83 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 349 note 2} Ibid. 139–43, fig. 25, 202–3 and fig. 26, 204.

^{page 349 note 3} Medieval Archaeology, xii (1968), 120Google Scholar.

^{page 349 note 4} e.g. the face-decorated jug found in High Street, Winchester. F. Cottrill, Treasures of Winchester in the City Museums (1947), p. 7, fig. 5.

^{page 349 note 5} Cf. D.N.B. xxvii, 192–3Google Scholar.

^{page 349 note 6 6}Ibid., xxxiv, 240.

^{page 350 note 1 1} Knowledge of the extent of the group has built up gradually during the last half-century. See especially the following (henceforth cited by author's names and dates): W. Barthel and F. Sprater, ‘Museographie. F. Die Rheinpfalz, 5. Rheingönheim’, VII. Bericht der Römisch-Ger-manhchen Kommission 1912 (1915), pp. 184–92; Drexel, F., ‘Ein Bildnis der älteren Agrippina’, Antike Platik: W. Amelung zum 60. Geburtstag (Berlin, 1928), pp. 67–72Google Scholar; Laur-Belart, R. and Eckinger, Th., ‘Grabungen der Gesellschaft Pro Vindonissa im Jahre 1932’, Anzeiger fur ScAweiz-erische Altertumskunde, xxxv (1933), 1–24Google Scholar (espec. 9, 19–21); Fremersdorf, F., ‘Glas-Phalera aus Vechten’, Bulletin van de Veereeniging tot Bevordering der Kennis van de antieke Beschaving Te's-Gravenhage, x (1935), i, 1–5Google Scholar, and suppl. note, ibid, ii, 1; Curtius, L., ‘Ikonographische Beiträge vii. Nero Claudius Drusus der Ältere’, Römische Mitteilungen, 1 (1935), 260–85Google Scholar (espec. 260–6); id., ‘Ikonographische Beitrage xi. M. Claudius C. F. Marcellus’, ibid, liv (1939), 131–44 (espec. 142–4); Alföldi, A., ‘Römische Porträtmedaillons aus Glas’, Ur-Schweiz, xv (1951), 66–80Google Scholar; Toynbee, J. M. C. and Richmond, I. A., ‘A Roman glass phalera from Carlisle’, Trans. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiq. and Archaeol. Soc. n.s. liii (1954), 40–8Google Scholar; Toynbee, J. M. C., ‘Some notes on Roman art at Colchester, no. viii, The glass “medallion”’, Trans. Essex Archaeol. Soc. xxv (1955), 17–23Google Scholar.

^{page 351 note 1} Green: a fragmentary example of type D (for list of types see below) in the Sangiorgi collection (Alföldi (1951), p. 72, pl. III, 3), and a complete example of the same type recently acquired by the Corning Museum of Glass (no. 62.1.13, J. Glass Studies, v (1963), 141, no. 5, with illus.). Lavender blue: the nearly complete example of type G from Carlisle (Toynbee and Richmond (1954), pp. 40 ff.).

^{page 351 note 2} See, e.g., nos. 1 (pi. LXXVIb) and 3 below, from Colchester and Rheingönheim; also one of type D in Brugg Museum (no. 32.966) from Vindonissa (Laur-Belart and Eckinger (1933), pp. 9, 19–21, fig. 11; Curtius (1935), pp. 260 f., pl. 29; Alföldi (1951), p. 72, pls. 11, 4 and III, 4), and one of type E, provenience unknown, B.M., Dept. Greek and Roman Antiq. no. 70.2–24.1 (Alföldi (1951), p. 72, pl. III 5; Toynbee (1955), p. 19, pL. IX 6).

^{page 351 note 3} For the B.M. piece see Alföldi (1951), p. 68, pl. III, 8 and Toynbee (1955), p. 21, pl. IX, 7; both believe it represents Tiberius. For the one from Carnuntum see Curtius (1939), 142–4, fig. 10, Alföldi (1951), pp. 70, 80, and Toynbee (1955), p. 21; Curtius believed it depicted Marcellus, Alföldi suggests Tiberius, with which Toynbee disagrees and thinks it may perhaps be Nero, belonging to a later set.

^{page 351 note 4} Toynbee (1955), pp. 18 ff.

^{page 351 note 5} Toynbee (1955, p. 19) knew of twelve; the thirteenth is a fragment in Vienna (no. XI b 39) showing the main head only, but clearly belonging to this type; Eichler and Kris, op. cit. s.v. type A, no. 4 below, p. 60, no. 17, pl. 7. It is surprising that this example was missed by previous writers, who were well aware of its fellow, no. 16.

^{page 351 note 6} Toynbee (1955, p. 19) lists four, but one of these (B.M., Dept. Greek and Roman Antiq. no. 65.12–14.86, is entirely different in style, being a cameo with opaque white bust on a clear wine-coloured (not, as T. says, ‘dark blue’) ground, and should be omitted from this series. Two hitherto unrecorded examples, however, bring the number up to five. Oneis the Corning piece (this p., note 1). The other is a grozed fragment, dark blue, showing the main bust only, in the Hermitage Museum, Leningrad (no. ж272, acquired from the Casanova collection in 1792); Neverov, O., Antique Cameos in the Hermitage Collection (text in Russian and English: Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad, 1971), p. 91, no. 83.Google Scholar

^{page 352 note 1} The headquarters to which the Xlllth legion was moved from Vindonissa (near Brugg) after a.d. 45. It is of interest that the phalera of type D (p. 351, note 2) found at Vindonissa came from a level attributed to the period before that legion was transferred; Laur-Belart and Eckinger (1933). pp. 9, 21.

^{page 354 note 1} This account of the excavations is taken from Britannia, ii (1971), 273Google Scholar. The excavation for Harlow Museum and the Department of the Environment was directed by the late Mr. Stuart Eglinton-Mead, who showed the finds to the Department of Prehistoric and Romano-British Antiquities at the British Museum and to Professor S. S. Frere. The temple at Harlow is most recently described, with a full bibliography, in W. Powell, R. (ed.), A History of the County of Essex, iii, Roman Essex (Victoria History of the Counties of England, 1963), pp. 139–43Google Scholar.

^{page 354 note 2} The fragment was shown at the Ballot Meeting of the Society on 2nd March 1972, at the suggestion of Professor Frere. It is published by kind permission of Mr. D. F. Bull, Clerk of the Harlow Urban District Council.

^{page 354 note 3} Silver: Strong, D. E., Greek and Roman Gold and Silver Plate (Methuen, London, 1966), pp. 160 ff.Google Scholar Bronze: M. H. P. Den Boesterd, The Bronze Vessels in the Rijksmuseum G. M. Kam at Nijmegen (1956), pp. 44 ff. Pottery: Hayes, J. W., Late Roman Pottery (British School at Rome, London, 1972) pp. 283 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 354 note 4} Hemmoor buckets gained their name from the cemetery in Germany in the graves of which were a number of these vessels, and which lies between the mouths of the Weser and the Elbe in Niedersachsen, to the north-west of Hamburg. The original publication of the Hemmoor sites (actually at Warstade and Westersode, near Hemmoor) was by Willers, Heinrich, Die römischen Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor (Hanover and Leipzig, 1901). The most recent consideration of the sites, together with the neighbouring related sites of Quelkhorn, Gudendorf, and Duhnen Wehrberg is Karl Waller, Die Gräberfelder von Hemmoor, Quelkhorn und Duhnen-Wehrberg in Niedersachsen (8. Beiheft zum Atlas der Urgeschichte, ed. by Hans Jürgen Eggers, Hamburgisches Museum für Völkerkunde und Vorgeschichte, 1959).Google Scholar

^{page 355 note 1} Silver: Strong, loc. cit. Date: Den Boesterd, loc. cit.

^{page 355 note 2} Drexel, Fr., ‘Alexandrinische Silbergefässe der Kaiserzeit’, in Banner Jahrbücher, cxviii (1909), 176–235Google Scholar.

^{page 355 note 3} Werner, J., Banner Jahrbücher, cxl–cxli (1936), 395 ff.Google Scholar; the distribution ranges over Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Germany, England, the Netherlands, France, Switzerland, the Roman Danube provinces and their hinterland, Russia. Werner's list is supplemented by Den Boesterd, loc. cit., p. 44. Production at Gressenich: Willers, H., Neue Untersuchungen über die römische Bronzeindustrie von Capua und von Niederger-manien (Hanover and Leipzig, 1907), pp. 44–5Google Scholar; Voigt, A., Bonner Jahrbücher, clv–clvi (1955–1956), 318 ffGoogle Scholar. Production at Eisenberg, Sprater, F., Das römische Eisenberg. Seine Eisen- und Bronzeindustrie (Speyer, 1952).Google Scholar

^{page 356 note 1} Hillier, James T., ‘A British Village at Rams-gate’, in Archaeologia Cantiana, xviii (1889), 1–4Google Scholar, esp. p. 3; Smith, R. A., A Guide to the Antiquities of Roman Britain (British Museum, 1922), pp. 93–4Google Scholar and fig. 113; Haverfield, F. J., Taylor, M. V., and Wheeler, R. E. M., ‘Romano-British Kent’, in A History of the County of Kent, iii (Victoria History of the Counties of England, 1932), p. 164Google Scholar; Ross, Anne, ‘Shafts, Pits, Wells— Sanctuaries of the Belgic Britons?’, in Coles, J. M. and Simpson, D. D. A. (edd.), Studies in Ancient Europe, Essays presented to Stuart Piggott (Leicester University Press, 1968), p. 271.Google Scholar The vessel is in the collections of the Department of Prehistoric and Romano-British Antiquities at the British Museum, where its registration number is 1901, 7–16, 1. It was presented in 1901 by Col. A. J. Copeland, F.S.A., of 3, Victoria Parade, Ramsgate. The register describes it as Roman, found in a grave near Ramsgate. The literature makes it clear that the ‘grave’ was a deep shaft. Hillier, loc. cit., describes the bucket as having a capacity of 3 gallons, and subsequent writers have repeated this. The dimensions of the vessel suggest otherwise.

^{page 355 note 2} Babelon, E., Le Trésor d'Argenterie de Ber-thouville près Bernay, Eure (Paris, 1916), pp. 117– 18, pl. xx. A dedication round the central emblem of the dish reads, Deo Mercurio Kanetonnessi, G(aius) Propert(ius) Secundus v(otum) s(olvit) l(ibens) m(erito). A very similar dish was found in the Egyptian Treasure of Karnak, dated by its coins to the first half of the third century a.d., and another is mentioned among the silver of the lost Treasure of Trier, which is thought to have been buried in the fourth century but to have contained several pieces of the third century: Strong, op. cit., pp. 161, 173, and 211.Google Scholar

^{page 357 note 1} I must record my grateful thanks for help in various ways to D. F. Bull, P. C. Compton, S. S. Frere, J. H. Hopkins, Miss C. M. Johns, Mrs. M. Morris, P. Shorer, D. E. Strong, F. H. Thompson, and R. Wilkins.

^{page 357 note 2} The Albums generally were the subject of a paper by Max Rosenheim (Archaeologia, lxii, 251–308Google Scholar) and the best modern study is M. A. E. Nickson's Early Autograph Albums in the British Museum, 1970, which has a good bibliography.

^{page 358 note 1} Briefly published in Nature, vol. ccxxxii, no. 5311 (13th August 1971), 488–9Google Scholar; to be published in full in Proc. Prehist. Soc.

^{page 358 note 2} The British Museum Research Laboratory subsequently reported as follows: ‘A few milligrams of metal were removed from the area which shows evidence of recent damage and were analysed for gold, silver and copper by atomic absorption analysis. The composition of the gold was shown to be: gold 80.8%, silver 13.6%, and copper 3.8%. The analytical error is about ±1%.’

^{page 361 note 1} V. B. Proudfoot, The Downpatrick Gold Find (1955), p. 4, no. 12 and fig. 2.

^{page 361 note 2} Ibid., 5 where the hoard is referred to as Vieuxbourg.

^{page 361 note 3} Jacques Briard, Les Dépôts bretons et I'Âge du Bronze Atlantique (1965), pp. 144–5.

^{page 361 note 4} 539 gms.: Matériaux pour servir à l'histoire primitive et naturelle de l'Homme (1884), xviii. 104Google Scholar.

^{page 361 note 5} Op. cit., 146.

^{page 361 note 6} B.M.Q. xxxv (1971), 45Google Scholar.

^{page 361 note 7} Ant. xxxv (1961), 240 fGoogle Scholar.

^{page 361 note 8} P.P.S. xxx (1964), 281–2Google Scholar.

^{page 361 note 9} E. Sprockhoff, Jungbronzezeitliche Hortfunde der Südzone des nordischen Kreises, Periode V (1956), i, Abb. 36, no. 1.

^{page 362 note 1} E. Sprockhoff, Jungbronzezeitliche Hortfunde der Südzone des nordischen Kreises, Periode V (1956), i, Abb. 16, no. 2.

^{page 363 note 1} Arch. Cant, lxxx (1965), 200Google Scholar, pl. 1c.

^{page 363 note 2} P.P.S. xxv (1959), 149Google Scholar.

^{page 363 note 3} Op. cit., pl. 3, no. 9, and pl. 2, no. 9.

^{page 363 note 4} P.P.S. xxx (1964), 186–98Google Scholar.

^{page 363 note 5} Ant. J. li (1971), 94–5Google Scholar.

^{page 363 note 6} Following Coles in works cited above.

^{page 363 note 7} Pevsner, Nikolaus, Leicestershire and Rutland (1960), p. 198Google Scholar.

^{page 364 note 1} Pevsner, Nikolaus, Leicestershire and Rutland (1960), p. 114Google Scholar.

^{page 364 note 2} Weight and dimensions kindly provided by Miss Susan Hare of Goldsmiths’ Hall.

^{page 364 note 3} Oman, Charles, English Church Plate 597–1830 (1957), pp. 44 and 300Google Scholar.

^{page 364 note 4} Jackson, C. J., English Goldsmiths and their Marks (2nd ed. 1921), p. 92Google Scholar.

^{page 364 note 5} In a letter from the Antique Plate Committee of Goldsmiths’ Hall to Fr. Bailey.

^{page 365 note 1} A chalice of this type is also figured in one of the upper lights of the Four Evangelists’ window at St. Neot in Cornwall. This window is dated either just before or just after 1500.