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Population trends and breeding success of albatrosses and giant petrels at Gough Island in the face of at-sea and on-land threats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2013

Richard J. Cuthbert ,
John Cooper  and
Peter G. Ryan
Richard J. Cuthbert*
Affiliation:
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, SandySG19 2DL, UK
John Cooper
Affiliation:
DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
Peter G. Ryan
Affiliation:
Percy FitzPatrick Institute, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Several factors threaten populations of albatrosses and giant petrels, including the impact of fisheries bycatch and, at some colonies, predation from introduced mammals. We undertook population monitoring on Gough Island of three albatross species (Tristan albatross Diomedea dabbenena L., sooty albatross Phoebetria fusca Hilsenberg, Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross Thalassarche chlororhynchos Gmelin) and southern giant petrels Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin). Over the study period, numbers of the Critically Endangered Tristan albatross decreased at 3.0% a year. Breeding success for this species was low (23%), and in eight count areas was correlated (r2 = 0.808) with rates of population decline, demonstrating chick predation by house mice Mus musculus L. is driving site-specific trends and an overall decline. Numbers of southern giant petrels were stable, contrasting with large increases in this small population since 1979. Significant population declines were not detected for either the Atlantic yellow-nosed or sooty albatross, however, caution should be applied to these results due to the small proportion of the population monitored (sooty albatross) and significant interannual variation in numbers. These trends confirm the Critically Endangered status of the Tristan albatross but further information, including a more accurate estimate of sooty albatross population size, is required before determining island wide and global population trends of the remaining species.

Keywords

conservationdemographyfisheries bycatchhouse mousepredationTristan da Cunha
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , April 2014 , pp. 163 - 171
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2013 

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