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Meltwater as a source of potentially bioavailable iron to Antarctica waters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 January 2017

Donata Monien Open the ORCID record for Donata Monien [Opens in a new window] ,
Patrick Monien ,
Robert Brünjes ,
Tatjana Widmer ,
Arne Kappenberg ,
Adrian A. Silva Busso ,
Bernhard Schnetger  and
Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
Donata Monien*
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany Current address: Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Patrick Monien
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany Current address: University of Bremen, Petrology of the Ocean Crust, Klagenfurter Straße 2-4, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
Robert Brünjes
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
Tatjana Widmer
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
Arne Kappenberg
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
Adrian A. Silva Busso
Affiliation:
Instituto Nacional del Agua (DSH), Empalme J. Newbery km 1, 620, Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Bernhard Schnetger
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
Affiliation:
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Recent rapid retreat of glacial front lines and the loss of land ice along the Antarctic margins may play an important role in exporting suspended particulate matter (SPM) potentially rich in bioavailable (defined as ascorbate leachable) iron (FeA) to coastal areas of the Southern Ocean. Sediment ablation is an additional source of iron for this high-nutrient low-chlorophyll region. In Potter Cove, King George Island, meltwater streams discharge up to 18 000 mg l-1 (average 283 mg l-1) of slightly weathered, finely ground bedrock particles into coastal waters during the summer. Approximately 15% of this SPM is exported within a low-salinity surface plume into Bransfield Strait. Based on our data, an estimated 12 mg m-2 yr-1 of FeA is exported from the South Shetland Island land surface (ice-free and subglacial areas) to the surrounding coastal waters. Extrapolated to an area of 2.5x104 km2, this FeA input is comparable to the contribution from icebergs and c. 240-fold higher than aeolian input via dust. An observed rise in local sediment accumulation rates suggests that glacial erosion has been increasing over recent decades and that (sub-)glacially derived SPM is becoming more important as a source of iron to the Southern Ocean.

Keywords

iron exportsuspended particulate matterturbiditywestern Antarctic Peninsula
Type
Physical Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , June 2017 , pp. 277 - 291
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Copyright
© Antarctic Science Ltd 2017 

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Footnotes

p1

Current address: Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany

p2

Current address: University of Bremen, Petrology of the Ocean Crust, Klagenfurter Straße 2-4, D-28359 Bremen, Germany

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