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Inter and intraspecific comparisons of the skeletal Mg/Ca ratios of high latitude Antarctic echinoderms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 February 2018

A. Duquette Open the ORCID record for A. Duquette [Opens in a new window] ,
K.M. Halanych ,
R.A. Angus  and
J.B. Mcclintock
A. Duquette
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
K.M. Halanych
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
R.A. Angus
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
J.B. Mcclintock*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

Echinoderms are vulnerable to ocean acidification because of their high magnesium calcite skeletons. Here, skeletal Mg/Ca ratios were examined within and between individuals of 20 Antarctic echinoderms representative of the asteroids, ophiuroids and echinoids. The highest mean Mg/Ca ratios occurred in the discs and arms (0.111 and 0.110, respectively) of brittle-stars and the lowest in the spines (0.010) of cidaroid sea urchins. Many taxa (11 of 14 species) from the collection sites showed no intraspecific differences in Mg/Ca ratios between given skeletal components. Exceptions were the spines of two regular sea urchins and the skeletal ossicles of the combined arms and disc of a brittle-star. The relationship between skeletal magnesium content and latitude was further evaluated and an inverse correlation was found between Antarctic echinoderm taxa skeletal magnesium content and latitude across 62° to 76°, indicating that the relationship occurs over relatively narrow latitudes. Upon examination of an even narrower range (70–76° latitude), a region where the mineralogy of echinoderm skeletons has not been investigated, the predicted inverse relationship between Mg/Ca ratio and latitude was still observed in sea-stars, but not in brittle-stars or sea urchins.

Keywords

acidificationcalcificationcalcium carbonateEchinodermata
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 160 - 169
Copyright
© Antarctic Science Ltd 2018 

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