Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T08:14:33.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Geographic intraspecific variation in buoyancy within Antarctic notothenioid fishes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2008

Thomas J. Near ,
Christopher D. Jones  and
Joseph T. Eastman
Thomas J. Near
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8105, USA
Christopher D. Jones
Affiliation:
Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-1508, USA
Joseph T. Eastman*
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, USA
*
*corresponding author:[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We investigated intraspecific geographic variation in buoyancy by obtaining percentage buoyancy (%B) measurements for the Antarctic notothenioid species Pleuragramma antarcticum, Trematomus hansoni, T. bernacchii and Gymnodraco acuticeps from both McMurdo Sound in East Antarctica and the South Shetland Islands in West Antarctica. Mean percentage buoyancies in these species ranged from 0.22–0.52% in the neutrally buoyant P. antarcticum to 3.34–3.67% in the benthic T. bernacchii. Dispersion (1 standard deviation) of percentage buoyancy (%B) values around the mean was ± 0.2–0.5 %B units for the entire sample. Although intraspecific differences in mean percentage buoyancy were statistically significant (P < 0.05) in P. antarcticum and T. hansoni, we consider these differences as normal variation without substantive biological significance. The dispersion in buoyancy measurements during adult life reflects the density of the fish and this may be influenced, in both the short- and long-term, by gut contents, nutritional condition, and reproductive state. Mitigation of the effects of these variables is not biologically realistic because they constitute normal aspects of the daily and yearly life cycles. The results of our measurements of buoyancy are consistent with what is known about the ecology of these four species and this is considered in the discussion.

Keywords

Gymnodracoontogenetic variationPleuragrammaTrematomus
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , April 2009 , pp. 123 - 129
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balushkin, A.V. & Voskoboinikova, O.S. 1995. Systematics and phylogeny of Antarctic dragonfishes (Bathydraconidae, Notothenioidei, Perciformes). Journal of Ichthyology, 35, 89–104.Google Scholar
Bone, Q. & Moore, R.H. 2008. Biology of fishes, 3rd ed.New York: Taylor & Francis, 478 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boulenger, G.A. 1902. Pisces. In Report on the collections of natural history made in the Antarctic regions during the voyage of the “Southern Cross”. London: British Museum (Natural History), 174–189.Google Scholar
Busacker, G.P., Adelman, I.R. & Goolish, E.M. 1990. Growth. In Schreck, C.B. & Moyle, P.B., eds. Methods for fish biology. Bethesda, MD: American Fisheries Society, 363–387.Google Scholar
Corner, E.D.S., Denton, E.J. & Forster, G.R. 1969. On the buoyancy of some deep-sea sharks. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B171, 415–429.Google Scholar
Davenport, J. 1999. Swimbladder volume and body density in an armoured benthic fish, the streaked gurnard. Journal of Fish Biology, 55, 527–534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denton, E.J. & Marshall, N.B. 1958. The buoyancy of bathypelagic fishes without a gas-filled swimbladder. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 37, 753–767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeVries, A.L. & Eastman, J.T. 1978. Lipid sacs as a buoyancy adaptation in an Antarctic fish. Nature, 271, 352–353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donaldson, E.M., Fagerlund, U.H.M., Higgs, D.A. & McBride, J.R. 1979. Hormonal enhancement of growth. In Hoar, W.S., Randall, D.J. & Brett, J.R., eds. Fish physiology, vol. VIII, Bioenergetics and growth. New York: Academic Press, 455–597.Google Scholar
Eastman, J.T. 1985. Pleuragramma antarcticum (Pisces, Nototheniidae) as food for other fishes in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 4, 155–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eastman, J.T. 1993. Antarctic fish biology: evolution in a unique environment. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 322 pp.Google Scholar
Eastman, J.T. & DeVries, A.L. 1981. Buoyancy adaptations in a swim-bladderless Antarctic fish. Journal of Morphology, 167, 91–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eastman, J.T. & DeVries, A.L. 1982. Buoyancy studies of notothenioid fishes in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Copeia, 2, 385–393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eastman, J.T. & DeVries, A.L. 1989. Ultrastructure of the lipid sac wall in the Antarctic notothenioid fish Pleuragramma antarcticum. Polar Biology, 9, 333–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eastman, J.T. & Lannoo, M.J. 2003. Diversification of brain and sense organ morphology in Antarctic dragonfishes (Perciformes: Notothenioidei: Bathydraconidae). Journal of Morphology, 258, 130–150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eastman, J.T. & McCune, A.R. 2000. Fishes on the Antarctic continental shelf: evolution of a marine species flock? Journal of Fish Biology, 57, 84–102.Google Scholar
Eastman, J.T. & Sidell, B.D. 2002. Measurements of buoyancy for some Antarctic notothenioid fishes from the South Shetland Islands. Polar Biology, 25, 753–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, C.W., Cziko, P., Cheng, C.-H.C. & DeVries, A.L. 2005. Spawning behaviour and early development in the naked dragonfish Gymnodraco acuticeps. Antarctic Science, 17, 319–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fine, M.L., McKnight, J.W. & Blem, C.R. 1995. Effect of size and sex on buoyancy in the oyster toadfish. Marine Biology, 123, 401–409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flores, H., Kock, K.-H., Wilhelms, S. & Jones, C.D. 2004. Diet of two icefish species from the South Shetland Islands and Elephant Island, Champsocephalus gunnari and Chaenocephalus aceratus. Polar Biology, 27, 119–129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foster, B.A. & Montgomery, J.C. 1993. Planktivory in benthic nototheniid fish in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 36, 313–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedrich, C. & Hagen, W. 1994. Lipid contents of five species of notothenioid fish from high-Antarctic waters and ecological implications. Polar Biology, 14, 359–369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gon, O. & Heemstra, P.C., eds. 1990. Fishes of the Southern Ocean. Grahamstown, SA: JLB Smith Institute of Ichthyology, 462 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hagen, W., Kattner, G. & Friedrich, C. 2000. The lipid compositions of high-Antarctic notothenioid fish species with different life strategies. Polar Biology, 23, 785–791.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hubbs, C.L. & Hubbs, C. 1953. An improved graphical analysis and comparison of series of samples. Systematic Zoology, 2, 49–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hubold, G. & Hagen, W. 1997. Seasonality of feeding and lipid content in juvenile Pleuragramma antarcticum (Pisces: Nototheniidae) from the southern Weddell Sea. In Battaglia, B., Valencia, J. & Walton, D.W.H., eds. Antarctic communities: species, structure and survival. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 277–283.Google Scholar
Iwami, T. 1985. Osteology and relationships of the family Channichthyidae. Memoirs of the National Institute of Polar Research Tokyo, Series E, No. 36, 69 pp.Google Scholar
Kock, K.-H. & Jones, C.D. 2002. The biology of the icefish Cryodraco antarcticus Dollo, 1900 (Pisces, Channichthyidae) in the southern Scotia Arc (Antarctica). Polar Biology, 25, 416–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Mesa, M., Dalú, M. & Vacchi, M. 2004. Trophic ecology of the emerald notothen Trematomus bernacchii (Pisces, Nototheniidae) from Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 27, 721–728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Mesa, M., Vacchi, M., Castelli, A. & Diviacco, G. 1997. Feeding ecology of two nototheniid fishes, Trematomus hansoni and Trematomus loennbergii, from Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea. Polar Biology, 17, 62–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Montgomery, J.C., Foster, B.A., Milton, R.C. & Carr, E. 1993. Spatial and temporal variations in the diet of nototheniid fish in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Polar Biology, 13, 429–431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Near, T.J., Russo, S.E., Jones, C.D. & DeVries, A.L. 2003. Ontogenetic shift in buoyancy and habitat in the Antarctic toothfish, Dissostichus mawsoni (Perciformes: Nototheniidae). Polar Biology, 26, 124–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pakhomov, E.A. 1998a. Feeding plasticity of the Antarctic fish Trematomus hansoni Boulenger, 1902 (Pisces: Nototheniidae): the influence of fishery waste on the diet. Polar Biology, 19, 289–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pakhomov, E.A. 1998b. Diet of two Antarctic dragonfish (Pisces: Bathydraconidae) from the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Science, 10, 55–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phleger, C.F., Nichols, P.D., Erb, E. & Williams, R. 1999. Lipids of the notothenioid fishes Trematomus spp. and Pagothenia borchgrevinki from East Antarctica. Polar Biology, 22, 241–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, W.W. & Karlotski, W.J. 1977. The allometric relationship of skeleton weight to body weight in teleost fishes: a preliminary comparison with birds and mammals. Copeia, 1, 160–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, G.N., Lindsey, B.W., Dumbarton, T.C., Croll, R.P. & Smith, F.M. 2008. The contribution of the swimbladder to buoyancy in the adult zebrafish (Danio rerio): a morphometric analysis. Journal of Morphology, 269, 666–673.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simpson, G.G., Roe, A. & Lewontin, R.C. 1960. Quantitative zoology, revised ed.New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 440 pp.Google Scholar
Sokal, R.R. & Rohlf, F.J. 1981. Biometry, 2nd ed.San Francisco, CA: WH Freeman, 859 pp.Google Scholar
Takahashi, M. & Iwami, T. 1997. The summer diet of demersal fish at the South Shetland Islands. Antarctic Science, 9, 407–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vacchi, M., La Mesa, M. & Castelli, A. 1994. Diet of two coastal nototheniid fish from Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea. Antarctic Science, 6, 61–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vacchi, M., La Mesa, M., Dalu, M. & Macdonald, J. 2004. Early life stages in the life cycle of Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea. Antarctic Science, 16, 299–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webb, P.W. 1990. How does benthic living affect body volume, tissue composition, and density of fishes? Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 1250–1255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar