Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T20:42:33.415Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

15. EMERGING RESEARCH AND PRACTICES IN IMMERSION TEACHER EDUCATION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2004

Abstract

Due to their unique place and function in society as well as their position on the educational ladder, universities have had a rather belated encounter with immersion education. In fact, it was not until the late 1970s (Day & Shapson, 1993) that universities in Canada were obliged to address a range of pedagogical issues as a direct result of the growth of immersion education in schools, the increasing number of immersion graduates from schools, and the overall educational success of immersion programs. Naturally, these issues are contextually framed and dependent on the historical development of immersion in each country where immersion education occurs. In countries with larger and longer immersion education traditions, the influence on universities has been greater. Three issues are of particular importance here: (1) the linguistic needs of immersion school graduates at university, (2) principles of immersion pedagogy use at the university level, and (3) immersion teacher education. The latter issue is especially pertinent to broader questions of the preparation of second language teachers and will be addressed here.For studies exploring the nature and levels of language maintenance of immersion graduates after secondary schooling, see Harley (1994), Hart, Lapkin, Swain and Howard (1991), Wesche (1985, 1993), Wesche, Morrison, Ready, and Pawley (1990) for a comprehensive review.

Type
CURRICULUM, PEDAGOGY, AND TEACHER PREPARATION
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen P., Swain M., Harley B., & Cummins J. 1990 Aspects of classroom treatment: Toward a more comprehensive view of second language education. In B. Harley, P. Allen, J. Cummins, & M. Swain (Eds.), The development of second language proficiency (pp. 5781). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bartlett L., & Erben T. 1995 An investigation into the effectiveness of an exemplar model of LOTE teacher-training through partial immersion. A report for the Innovative Languages Other Than English Project (ILOTES), Department of Employment, Education and Training. Canberra: Australian Government Printing Service.
Bartlett L., Erben T., & Singh M. G. 1996 Teacher identity formation through language immersion in an initial-teacher-education curriculum. Asia Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 24 (2), 173196.Google Scholar
Bernhardt E. (Ed.). 1992 Life in immersion classrooms. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Brine J. M., & Shapson S. 1989 Case study of a teacher retraining program for French immersion. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 45, (3), 464477.Google Scholar
Buchberger I. (2000, April). Struggle for diversity in a harmonising European context: New tasks for teacher education. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Conference, New Orleans, LA [ED442773].
Day E. M., & Shapson S. M. 1993 French immersion teacher education: A study of two programs. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 49 (3), 446465.Google Scholar
Day E. M., & Shapson S. M. 1996b A national survey: French immersion teachers' preparation and their professional development needs. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 52, 24870.Google Scholar
de Mejía A. M. 1994 Bilingual teaching/learning events in early immersion classes: A case study in Cali, Columbia. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Lancaster University.
Erben A. 1993 The importance of the practicum in teacher development. What happens in an immersion teacher training program? Australian Association of Language Immersion Teachers. 1 (1), 1629.Google Scholar
Erben T. (1995, October). LACITEP: A bachelor of education degree program through immersion in Japanese. Perspectives on planning, pedagogy, research, administration, assessment and teacher training. A poster presentation presented at the conference Research and Practice in Immersion Education: Looking Back and Looking Forward. Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition: University of Minnesota.
Erben T. 1999 Constructing learning in a virtual immersion bath: LOTE teacher education through audiographics. WorldCALL. Amsterdam: Zwetlinger.
Erben T. 2001a Sustainable foreign language teacher education. In G. Bräuer (Ed.), Pedagogy of language learning (pp. 195221). New York: Ablex.
Erben T. 2002 Immersion teacher education through audiographics. American Council on Immersion Education ACIE Newsletter, 5 (3) 1013. Minneapolis, MN: Center for Advanced Research in Language Acquisition, University of Minnesota.Google Scholar
Erben T. (in press). Teacher education through immersion and immersion teacher education. In D. Tedick (Ed.), Teacher education for second or foreign language contexts: International perspectives on research and practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Erben A., Cox R., & Phillips S. (1993, July). Primary teacher training through immersion; Multiskilling our LOTE teacher-force. Babel, a journal of the Australian Federation of Modern Language Teachers' Associations. 15, 3145 [special issue].
Erben T. & Bartlett L. (1997, July). Mediated interaction and the management of learning in an initial teacher education language immersion classroom. In T. Gale, T. Erben, & P. Danaher (Eds.), Diversity difference and discontinuity: Proceedings of the Australian Teacher Education Association conference, Yeppoon, Queensland, Australia. Available: http://atea.cqu.edu.au/content/soc_base/erbart.html.
Erben T., & Bartlett L. 1998 Managing Japanese immersion through audiographics, Teachers networking instruction in an initial teacher education LOTE program. Volume 1 (pp. 1100). A Commonwealth curricula project for the Committee for the Advancement of University Teaching (CAUT). Canberra: Department of Employment, Education, and Training and Youth Affairs.
Freeman D. 1996 “To take them at their word:” Language data in the study of teachers' knowledge. Harvard Educational Review, 66 (4), 732761.Google Scholar
Freeman D., & Richards J. C. 1993 Conceptions of teaching and the education of second language teacher. TESOL Quarterly, 27 (2), 193217.Google Scholar
Frisson-Rickson F., & Rebuffot J. 1986 La formation et le perfectionnement des professeurs en immersion: pour des critères nationaux [Initial preparation and further training for immersion teachers: Toward national criteria]. Ottawa: Association Canadienne des Professeurs d'Immersion.
Guefrachi H., & Troudi S. 2000 Enhancing English language teaching in the United Arab Emirates. In K. E. Johnson (Ed.), Teacher education: Case studies in TESOL practice series (pp. 189204). Alexandria, VA: TESOL.
Harley B. 1994 After immersion: Maintaining the momentum. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 15 (2 & 3), 229244.Google Scholar
Hart D., Lapkin S., Swain M., & Howard J. 1991 French immersion at the secondary/postsecondary interface: Toward a national study. A report submitted to the Department of the Secretary of State. Toronto: Modern Language Centre, OISE.
Johnson R. K. 1997 The Hong Kong education system: Late immersion under stress. In R. K. Johnson & M. Swain (Eds.), Immersion education: International perspectives (pp. 171189). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Koshiyama Y. 1994 A study of the current state and the needs of teacher training in Japanese immersion education in the United States. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Southern California.
Krashen S. 1984 Immersion: Why it works and what it has taught us. Language and Society, 12. Ottawa: Commissioner of Official Languages.Google Scholar
Lapkin S., Swain M., with Shapson S. 1990 French immersion agenda for the 90's. Canadian Modern Language Review, 46 (4), 638674.Google Scholar
Lim Swee Eng A., Gan L., & Sharpe P. 1997 Immersion in Singapore preschools. In R. K. Johnson and M. Swain (Eds.), Immersion education: International perspectives (pp. 190210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Majhanovich S. 1990 Challenge for the 90s: The problem of finding qualified staff for French core and immersion programs. Canadian Modern Language Review, 46 (3), 454468.Google Scholar
Majhanovich S., with Gray J. 1992 The practicum: An essential component in French immersion teacher education. Canadian Modern Language Review, 48 (4), 682696.Google Scholar
Majhanovich S., & Fish S. 1988 Training French immersion teachers for the primary grades. An experimental course at the University of Western Canada. Foreign Language Annals, 21, 311320.Google Scholar
Martin M., Obadia A., & Rodríguez F. 1993 Enquête nationale sur les programmes dê formation en immersion française au Canada [National survey of teacher preparation for French immersion in Canada]. Necean, Ontario: L'association canadienue des professeurs d'immersion.
Met M., & Lorenz E. 1998 Recruitment, preparation, and supervision of immersion teachers. In C. A. Klee, A. Lynch, & E. Tarone (Eds.), Research and practice in immersion education: Looking back and looking ahead—Selected conterence proceedings [from the inaugural conference on IMMERSION TEACHER EDUCATION 337 immersion education, Oct. 1995]. University of Minnesota: CARLA Working Papers Series #10.
Nuttal C., & Langham D. 1997 The Molteno project: A case study of immersion for English-medium instruction in South Africa. In R. K. Johnson & M. Swain (Eds.), Immersion education: International perspectives (pp. 210239). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Obadia A. A. 1984 Le professeur d'immersion, le pivot du nouveau bilinguisme au Canada [The immersion teacher, linchpin of the new bilingualism in Canada]. Modern Canadian Language Review, 41 (2), 376387.Google Scholar
Obadia A. A. 1985 La formation du professeur d'immersion française au Canada: Une conception philosophique et pédagogique en devenir ou à la recherche d'une troisième voie [The formation of the immersion teacher in Canada: A philosophical and predagogical conception under development, or the search for a third way]. Canadian Journal of Education. 10 (4), 415426.Google Scholar
Richards J. C. 1990 The dilemma of teacher education in second language teaching. In J. C. Richards & D. Nunan (Eds.), Second language teacher education (pp. 316). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sadtono E. (1995, April). The standardization of teacher trainees in EFL countries. Paper presented at the International Conference on Language in Development: The Stakeholders' Perspectives. Bali, Indonesia [ED388105].
Shiozawa T. 1993 Social and administrative parameters in methodological innovation and implementation in post-secondary language schools in Japan. Journal of International Studies, 12 (11), 109139.Google Scholar
Siguán M. 1986 Education and bilingualism in Catalonia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1 (3), 231242.Google Scholar
Takahashi E. 1998 Language development in social interaction: A longitudinal study of a Japanese FLES program from a Vygotskan approach. Foreign Language Annals, 31 (3), 392406.Google Scholar
Tardif C. 1984 La formation des enseignants en situation d'immersion. Canadian Modern Language Review, 41 (2), 365375.Google Scholar
Tarnopolsky O. B. (1996, September). Intensive immersion ESP teaching in the Ukraine: Theoretical foundations and practical results. Paper presented at the European Conference on Immersion Programs. Barcelona, Spain [ED409707].
Tharp R., & Gallimore R. 1988 Rousing minds to life. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Warschauer M. 1998 Online learning in a sociocultural context. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, 29 (1), 6888.Google Scholar
Wells G. 1999 The zone of proximal development and its implications for teaching and learning. Retrieved October, 2002, from http://www.oise.utoronto.ca/~gwells/zpd.discussion.txt.
Wesche M. B. 1985 Immersion and the universities. Canadian Modern Language Review, 41 (5), 931940.Google Scholar
Wesche M. B. 1993 French immersion graduates at university and beyond: What difference has it made? In J. M. Alatis (Ed.), The Georgetown Roundtable on Languages and Linguistics 1992 (pp. 208239). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
Wesche M. B., Morrison F., Ready D., & Pawley C. 1990 French immersion: Post secondary consequences for individuals and universities. Canadian Modern Language Review, 46 (3), 430451.Google Scholar
Wilton F., Obadia A., Roy R., Saunders A. B., & Tafler R. 1984 National study of French immersion teacher training. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Immersion Teachers.