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THE POTTERY DEPOSITS FROM BUILDING 2 AT KNOSSOS–GYPSADES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 December 2024

Marina Velegraki
Marina Velegraki*
Affiliation:
Independent scholar
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

This paper presents the pottery assemblage from Building 2 at Knossos–Gypsades, excavated in 2014–15 as part of the ‘Knossos–Gypsades Excavation Project’, a synergasia of the British School at Athens with the Ephorate of Antiquities of Heraklion. Building 2 was constructed in Middle Minoan (MM) IIB, but its main occupational phase occurred during the subsequent MM IIIA phase. At the end of MM IIIA the building was severely damaged, probably due to an earthquake. The damage was rather extensive, resulting in its final abandonment. Contextual, typological and statistical analyses are applied to analyse the ceramic material and to clarify site formation processes. The ultimate aim is to assess whether the archaeological strata under study result from primary, secondary or even tertiary depositional episodes, and to delineate chronological phasing within the cultural-historical period straddling the end of the Old Palace period and the beginning of the New. Building 2 was revealed as undisturbed by later building activity, allowing its original architectural plan and construction to be evaluated, and to document the sequence of events that signal the final stages of its use-life. Furthermore, this study may contribute to the critical debate on Knossian chronological and ceramic phasing, as well as provide a fuller picture of the city of Knossos in the Gypsades neighbourhood, in terms of settlement pattern and spatial configuration.

Στο παρόν άρθρο παρουσιάζεται η κεραμεική από το Κτήριο 2 στους Γυψάδες Κνωσού, το οποίο ανασκάφηκε το 2014–15 στα πλαίσια του προγράμματος “Knossos–Gypsades Excavation Project” της Βρετανικής Σχολής Αθηνών σε συνεργασία με την Εφορεία Αρχαιοτήτων Ηρακλείου. Το Κτήριο 2 οικοδομήθηκε στη Μεσομινωική (MM) ΙΙΒ περίοδο, αλλά η κύρια φάση της κατοίκησής του χρονολογείται στην επόμενη ΜΜ ΙΙΙΑ. Στο τέλος της ΜΜ ΙΙΙΑ περιόδου το κτήριο φαίνεται ότι υπέστη σημαντικές ζημιές πιθανότατα ως αποτέλεσμα ισχυρής σεισμικής δόνησης, γεγονός που οδήγησε στην οριστική εγκατάλειψή του. Η μελέτη της κεραμεικής βασίστηκε καταρχήν στην τυπολογική της ανάλυση και κατά δεύτερον σε στατιστικά δεδομένα, τα οποία με τη σειρά τους αξιολογήθηκαν και ερμηνεύτηκαν στο πλαίσιο της στρωματογραφικής συνάφειας. Σκοπός ήταν να αποσαφηνιστεί η διαδικασία σχηματισμού της αρχαιολογικής θέσης, δηλαδή να γίνει κατανοητό αν τα αρχαιολογικά υπό μελέτη στρώματα έχουν προκύψει από πρωτογενή, δευτερογενή ή ακόμη και τριτογενή επεισόδια απόθεσης. Το Κτήριο 2 δεν είχε υποστεί διατάραξη από μεταγενέστερη οικοδομική δραστηριότητα, επιτρέποντας έτσι την αξιολόγηση τόσο του αρχικού αρχιτεκτονικού σχεδιασμού όσο και της ανακατασκευής του, καθώς επίσης και την τεκμηρίωση της αλληλουχίας των γεγονότων που σηματοδοτούν τα τελευταία στάδια της ζωής του. Επιπλέον, η μελέτη αυτή μπορεί να συμβάλει στην κριτική συζήτηση σχετικά με την κνωσιακή κεραμική και χρονολογική περιοδοποίηση, καθώς και να παράσχει μια πληρέστερη εικόνα της πόλης της Κνωσού, κυρίως της γειτονιάς των Γυψάδων, όσον αφορά το οικιστικό μοντέλο και τη χωροταξική διάταξη.

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Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 119 , December 2024 , pp. 185 - 247
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Council, British School at Athens

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