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MARTIAL MINOANS? WAR AS SOCIAL PROCESS, PRACTICE AND EVENT IN BRONZE AGE CRETE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 August 2012

Barry P.C. Molloy
Barry P.C. Molloy*
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Together with politics, economics and religion, war is one of the fundamental factors that can shape a society and group identities. In the prehistoric world, the sources for the study of war are disparate and their interpretation can be inconsistent and problematic. In the case of Crete in the Bronze Age, a systematic analysis of the evidence will be undertaken for the first time in this paper, and this opportunity is used to critically evaluate the most effective ways of employing the widely agreed sets of physical correlates for ancient war in the archaeological record. A further objective in exploring the diachronic roles of war in these societies is to move the discussion from a niche field to a more integrated, and systematic, social analysis. The existence and character of a warrior identity is examined, and it is proposed that it often constituted a conspicuous element of male identity. The varying scales and time spans through which war can influence a society are discussed, and a broad framework for understanding war in social process, practices and events is proposed.

Πολεμοχαρείς Μινωίτες; Ο πόλεμος ως κοινωνική διαδικασία, πρακτική και γεγονός στην Κρήτη της Εποχής του Χαλκού

Μαζί με την πολιτική, την οικονομία και τη θρησκεία, ο πόλεμος είναι ένας από τους θεμελιώδεις παράγοντες που μπορούν να μορφοποιήσουν την κοινωνία και τις ομαδικές ταυτότητες. Στον προϊστορικό κόσμο, οι πηγές για τη μελέτη του πολέμου είναι ανομοιογενείς και η ερμηνεία τους μπορεί να είναι αντιφατική και προβληματική. Tο παρόν άρθρο επιχειρεί για πρώτη φορά μία συστηματική ανάλυση των δεδομένων για την περίπτωση της Κρήτης στην Εποχή του Χαλκού. Αυτή η περίπτωση δίνει την ευκαιρία να αναπτύξουμε κριτικά πιο αποτελεσματικούς τρόπους στην εφαρμογή των ευρέως αποδεκτών παραμέτρων για την εξέταση του πολέμου στην αρχαιότητα βάσει των αρχαιολογικών δεδομένων. Ένας άλλος στόχος στην προσπάθεια να διερευνήσουμε τους διαχρονικούς ρόλους του πολέμου σε αυτές τις κοινωνίες είναι να προχωρήσουμε σε μία πιο ολοκληρωμένη και συστηματική κοινωνική ανάλυση. Το παρόν άρθρο εξετάζει την ύπαρξη και τον χαρακτήρα μίας πολεμικής ταυτότητας στην Κρήτη της Εποχής του Χαλκού και υποστηρίζει πως αυτή αποτελούσε ένα εμφανές στοιχείο της ανδρικής ταυτότητας. Το άρθρο επίσης συζητά τους διαφορετικούς βαθμούς και χρονικούς ορίζοντες διά μέσου των οποίων ο πόλεμος μπορεί να επηρεάσει μία κοινωνία και προτείνει ένα ευρύ πλαίσιο για την κατανόηση του πολέμου ως κοινωνική διαδικασία, πρακτική και γεγονός.

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Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 107 , November 2012 , pp. 87 - 142
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Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 2012

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