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Excavations at Assiros Toumba 1987 A Preliminary Report

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2013

Abstract

During the second major season of excavation conducted in 1987, more evidence was found for the extent of crop storage in the Bronze Age Settlement together with a ‘street’ that appeared to have been in use in the latest Bronze Age and earliest Iron Age. Fragments of bronze casting debris suggest the possibility of bronze working at the site around 1150 BC.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1988

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References

1 Sponsors included, in addition to the British School, the British Academy, Society of Antiquaries, University of Birmingham, University of Cambridge, the Twenty Seven Foundation, the Russell Trust, Institute of Aegean Prehistory and the National Geographic Society of America.

The excavation team was made up of twenty locally employed workmen and thirty volunteers, including students from the University of Thessaloniki. I have been very lucky in retaining the help of so many key assistants vital to the continuity of the project, some from its first season in 1975: Richard Hubbard, site supervisor; Glynis Jones, plant remains; Cressida Ridley, site supervisor; David Smyth, surveyor; Diana Wardle, potshed director and conservation; Paul Halstead, faunal remains and site supervisor; Graham Norrie, photographer; Sara Paton, pottery supervisor; Rayna Andrew, research assistant; Laurence Bowkett, assistant director on site 1987.

2 BSA 82 (1987) 313–29. See also discussion of agricultural practices in Greek Prehistory by Jones, G.BSA 82 (1987) 115–23Google Scholar, submitted for publication before the 1986 excavation season.

3 I am particularly grateful to David Smyth for preparing, as usual, such clear plans, and to Graham Norrie for the photographs.

4 Trenches HE in the west and HD in the east. The NE angle of this area had already been excavated in 1980 as trench HD.

5 E.g. BSA 82 316, fig. 1, between trenches NI and NG and NH. The whole trench is now known as NG/NH.

6 Trench NC. The northern boundary of this trench is 2 m. further north than that used last year.

7 Trenches HB and NA/HC.

8 Trench JO.

9 The dates for phases are notional, pending complete study of the Mycenaean pottery and the small number of painted Iron Age pieces together with the context of each group.

10 BSA 82 317.

11 Cf Phase 1 pottery published in BSA 75 (1980) 280 fig. 10.

12 Vessels from this room include that illustrated in BSA 75 (1980) 259, fig. 18.

13 Ibid 256, Plate 20C.

14 There has not yet been time to study all the sherds from the relevant levels nor to determine whether these pieces were on the destruction floor, or belong to the later reuse. In any case the date of the appearance of the local Macedonian pottery of Proto-Geometrie style is still uncertain. I feel that it is unwise to date it higher than 900 BC on present evidence but the imminent publication of the wheel-made Iron Age pottery from Kastanas, and recent finds at Torone and near Dion should improve the position. It is equally difficult to see how rapidly the style changed, if at all, after its introduction.

15 BSA 82 (1987) 318, Plate 50C.

16 Ibid. Given the state of preservation of the structures it is unlikely that it will be possible to distinguish all interiors and exteriors. ‘Room’ numbers have therefore been allotted arbitrarily for purposes of identification only.

17 Ibid 320. It is increasingly likely that this pit is to be dated to Phase 3, but not yet demonstrated conclusively.

18 BSA 75 (1980) Plate 20a.

19 AR 1980–81 31.

20 BSA 82 323. In the earlier excavations only the material from the destruction level itself had been assigned to Phase 6 and anything below this was treated as Phase 7.

21 BSA 38 (1937–8) Plate xxx.2. I am not sure whether this idea has been explored by anyone else and have not yet had the opportunity to search systematically for examples.

22 Trench OB.

23 It was very similar to the ‘street’ deposits found in the trench on the side of the mound, BSA 75 (1980) 236.

24 Since, in Phases 6 & 7, these walls separated the street from a yard area to the north they were not built with any great care and it was decided to remove a short section to expose the E end of the underlying Phase 9 wall.