^{page 156 note 1} See my map BSA xxxii, pl. 38.

^{page 156 note 2} I give no plan of the ‘;ground floor’ or of the ‘first floor.’; I was single-handed, and the section shows that it was a difficult site to survey. Parts of the section have been sketched by eye, and liberties have been taken with direction.

^{page 158 note 1} See p. 183 below.

^{page 158 note 2} PT, 14 and 16.

^{page 158 note 3} E.g., PT, Pl. III, 1.

^{page 158 note 4} References for Figs. 2–3:

A 1. PT, 198, fig. 140a.

A 2. PT, 92, fig. 44b; on alow foot PMac, pl. 1.6.

A 2a. DS, 179, fig. 84g (compare pl. 15. 2).

A 3. PT, 175, fig. 119a.

A 3a. Loc. cit., fig. 119b.

A 4. Wace and Thompson, LAAA, 1909, pl.

A 5. PT, 92, fig. 44d. See also ibid., 97, fig. 49b

A 6. See PT, 176, fig. 120.

A 7. PT, 198, fig. 140e. See others on a low foot on same page.

A 7a. PT, 89, fig. 42a.

A 8. Hansen, Early Civilisation in Thessaly, 31, fig. 11, 7 = PT, 89, fig. 42e. See also PT, 97. fig. 49a.

A 9. See PT, 96, fig. 48k.

^{page 160 note 1} References for Fig. 4:

A A 6. DS, 165, fig. 78.

The rest PT, 87, fig. 40.

Miss Hansen's fig. 9 (loc. cit.), lumps A and B monochrome shapes together, which is somewhat confusing.

^{page 160 note 2} References for Figs. 5–6:

B 1 and la Prosymna ii, 4, fig. 26, no. 197; p. 155, fig. 629 (for lugs see DS, pl. 20 and p. 197, fig. 106). I omit bowls with wavy rims.

B 2. PT, 32, fig. 12.

B 2a. PT, 104, fig. 54b.

B 3. DS, pl. 21, 3.

B 3a. Ibid. pl. 11.

B 6. PT, 109, fig. 595. Vases on feet omitted.

B 7. PT, pl. III. 1.

B 7a. DS, 215, fig. 118.

B 7b. PT, 32, fig. 11a.

B 7c. Orchomenos ii, pl. XXVI. 4a.

B 7d. From a photograph, kindly shown me by Miss Pascoe: a painted B jug neck from Drachmani.

B 8. PT, 102, fig. 52.

B 9. Orchomenos ii, pl. XXVI. 3.

B 10. PT, pl. II. 4.

B 11. PT, 107, fig. 57f.

B 12. DS, 216, fig. 119.

B 13. Orchomenos ii, pl. XXVI. 4b.

^{page 164 note 1} References to Fig. 7:

BB 7a and 3. Orchomenos ii, pl. XIV. 5 and 6.

BB 14. PT, 140 fig. 86e.

^{page 164 note 2} PT, 175

^{page 164 note 3} PT, pl. I and p. 45, fig. 21e.

^{page 164 note 4} Compare the pattern of the vase B 1 (see above for reference), and the pattern of DS, pl. 21. 4.

^{page 164 note 5} DS, pl. 6. 3.

^{page 164 note 6} PT, 176, fig. 120.

^{page 164 note 7} PT 103 (four examples).

^{page 165 note 1} Compare AM lvii, Beil. XXIII. 2 in A fabric.

^{page 165 note 2} See p. 176 below, note 3.

^{page 165 note 3} References for Fig. 8:

C 1. 1898, pl. 9. 17, from a house in Amorgos.

C 2a. 1899, pl. 8. 11 a.

C 2b 1898, pl. 9. 31.

C 3. 1899, pl. 8. 7.

C 3a. 1898, pl. 9. 34.

C 4. 1899, pl. 8. 3.

C 6. 1899, pl. 8. 6.

C 6a. 1899, pl. 9. 13 and Fig.9 CC 6a.

C 7a 1898, pl. 9. 2. Compare Fig. 9. CC 13.

C 12. 1899, pl. 8. 11a.

C 13. 1899, pl. 9. 13 and Fig. 9, CC 13.

C 14. 1899, pl. 9. 11.

^{page 167 note 1} Scale slightly under life size:

CC 6a. Æ 247. from Amorgos.

CC 13. Æ 423. from Paros.

Photograph by Miss Godwin.

^{page 167 note 2} See Hall, The Civilisation of Greece in the Early Bronze Age, 43, figs. 32 and 33.

^{page 167 note 3} Schuchhardt, Schliemann's Excavations (translation) 39, fig. 14.

Every kind of pierced lug is found at Troy. See C. Schmidt, Schliemanns Sammlung,6.

^{page 168 note 1} For this shape early in Crete, see Evans, , Palace of Minos i, 114.Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 2} Hall, fig. 43; Evans, op. cit., i, 86.

^{page 168 note 3} Compare PT, 96, fig. 48 k with h. Compare also Gonia, pl. Ib.

^{page 168 note 4} B 137, from EI Amrah.

^{page 168 note 5} Compare Fig. 9, C C 13.

^{page 168 note 6} Hall, op. cit., 51, fig. 4b.

^{page 168 note 7} Compare an incised vase with lugs, closer to the original than B 13, DS, pl. 16. 2.

^{page 169 note 1} See references on p. 177 below.

^{page 169 note 2} DS, pl. 15. 1.

^{page 169 note 3} PMac, pl. 1. 1.

^{page 169 note 4} Oxford 1909. 12. 903.

^{page 169 note 5} Hall, op. cit., 42, fig. 31.

^{page 169 note 6} PT, 68, fig. 35.

^{page 169 note 7} PT, 83.

^{page 169 note 8} DS, pls. 37 and 38; 1898, pl. 11.

^{page 169 note 9} Compare Childe, Dawn of European Civilisation, 2: ‘A bodily transfer of any North Balkan culture to Greece accordingly seems impossible today.’

^{page 170 note 1} See p. 179.

^{page 170 note 2} Compare also some of the patterns on PT, 46; also on p. 103, fig. 53d.

^{page 170 note 3} See PT, 174.

^{page 170 note 4} PT, 197 ff. where see the references.

^{page 170 note 5} 1908, pl. α, 1.

^{page 170 note 6} Orchomenos ii, 36; pl. II. 2.

^{page 170 note 7} Gonia, 67, fig. 16; Prosymna ii, fig. 630. 3.

^{page 170 note 8} See p. 173 below.

^{page 171 note 1} Dörpfeld, W., Alt-Ithaka ii, Beil.88.Google Scholar This plate appears to be upside down.

^{page 171 note 2} See p. 173 below.

^{page 171 note 3} PMac, pp. 157–159.

^{page 171 note 4} BSA xxxii, 238, fig. 19, nos. 8, 9, 13. Compare the pattern of 13 with a jar from Chaeronea (PT, fig. 140c). At the same time a sherd facing p. 238 (Benton, op. cit., fig. 20, no. 3) must serve as a warning of the danger of judging a fabric on one sherd. The strength of the geometric pattern on this sherd was such that even Payne thought it was geometric of the Iron Age. It proved to be a sherd from our no. 43 (Pl. 26), a biconical urn. Single sherds from hand-made Late Mycenaean amphorae from a neighbouring site at Astakos are also technically hard to distinguish from sherds of these urns.

^{page 171 note 5} BSA xxxii, pl. 41. 1. Compare handles found at Orchomenos, , Orchomenos ii, pl. XXI 2a and XX bGoogle Scholar, said to be B ware. Sherds like this Meganisi handle were found in the ‘Cave of Euripides,’ Salamis.

The other handle found at Meganisi (see loc. cit.) was of a dark-on-dark type. The shape may have been something like our A 5 or the handle of Astakos 31, but it is coarse and probably it is rather late.

^{page 171 note 6} For close contacts with Corinth in other wares see pp. 173, 179.

^{page 171 note 7} PT, pls. IV–VI, from Rakhmani. This ware is widely distributed in Thessaly and Boeotia.

^{page 171 note 8} Museum Benaki Athen, Katalog der Goldschmiede-Arbeiten, no. 1, pp. n ff., pls. 1–3.

^{page 171 note 9} Praehistorische Forschung in Kleinasien, pl. IV. 2, an omphalos jar; cf. the shape of our no. 64 of similar fabric to no. 56.

^{page 171 note 10} Wace calls my attention to the decoration of knobs with white paint in A 3 α ware at Tsangli (PT, 91).

^{page 171 note 11} Orchomenos, ii, pl. 6.

^{page 172 note 1} See Orchomenos, 17 n. 4.

^{page 172 note 2} Malta, Origini della civiltà Mediterranea, fig. 45; also fig. 38, p. 67, from Hal Tarxien.

^{page 172 note 3} For illustrations and list of references see Excavations in Ithaca III (BSA, xxxix) 3, pl. 1. 18.

^{page 172 note 4} Boehlau, , Praehistorische Zuschrift, 1928, 55.Google ScholarFrankfort, , Early Pottery of the Near East, ii, 134.Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 5} Boehlau, loc. cit.; Ugolini, Malta, 276. The propagation and diffusion of this sort of nonsense has fortunately ceased with the victory of the Allies.

^{page 172 note 6} H. Schmidt, Cucuteni, 59.

^{page 172 note 7} For details see my review in Man, Dec. 1935, 187.

^{page 172 note 8} See my map BSA, xxxii, pl. 38.

^{page 172 note 9} Chamber Tombs at Mycenae, 222.

^{page 172 note 10} DS, p. 328.

^{page 173 note 1} See the reference to Vinca, p. 181, n. 1.

^{page 173 note 2} Weinberg, p. 503. I am grateful to Mr. Weinberg for his kindness to me at Corinth.

^{page 173 note 3} See p. 171 above.

^{page 173 note 4} Arias, P.E., MA xxxvi, 733, class (d), like bucchero.Google Scholar Plenty of organic handles in the painted pottery, some shapes like Thessalian B, e.g., fig. 90. Montechiaro, see p. 728.

^{page 173 note 5} The colours do not really fit, and I do not know the shape. This sherd is not like the rest of Astakos painted pottery.

^{page 173 note 6} Dörpfeld, , Alt-Ithaka ii, Beil. 88.Google Scholar

^{page 173 note 7} Gonia, pl. II.

^{page 175 note 1} PT, 198, fig. 140a, in A 3 β ware. Soteriades, , Ἐφ. ἈρΧ., 1908, 66, fig. 1.Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 1} For pattern and fabric compare Gonia, pl. II k.

^{page 175 note 3} Compare ibid., pl. II b.

^{page 175 note 4} The shapes of 14 and 15 are uncertain, and I do not know which way up to set them. They are perhaps something like PMac, Early Neolithic 1 and 3, p. 135 and pl. 1.

^{page 175 note 5} In Thessaly this is a shape of the decadence. Cf. PT, fig. 54 b, B 3 ε. The fabrics are not alike. For the pattern cf. Dörpfeld, Alt-Ithaka, Beil. 88 a, top left. This pattern also occurs on the tankard from Monte Tabuto in Sicily (Frankfort, pl. VIII).

^{page 176 note 1} For the shape see PT, 176, fig. 120, A 3 β (Contrast Fig. 6, B 6); Weinberg, 500, figs. 9 and 10.

^{page 176 note 2} Cf. Weinberg loc. cit.

^{page 176 note 3} For the shape cf. PT, fig. 86 b from Tsani (A 3 β) and fig. 119 c. Note the difference in the handles. Our handle seems half-way to the shape of the much more organic handle found at Tsangli op. cit., fig. 54 d, B 3 ε. See p. 165 above.

^{page 176 note 4} Compare bands on two vases in the Cyclades.

^{page 176 note 5} Perhaps from a cup or mug (shape A 4 or A 5). At any rate from an A and not from a B shape. Compare no. 31 (Fig. 10) and no. 66 (Fig. 11) in grey ware.

^{page 177 note 1} Thessalian pottery with ray decoration.

A Urns.

DS, pl. 6. 1 and fig. 83, p. 175, both from Sesklo. (Another urn, also A 3 α, said to have been found out of place, at Purghos). PT, 92, fig. 44a (neck uncertain) from Tsangli.

Other Thessalian urns in A wares.

PT, 89, fig. 42a from Tsangli (our fig. 3, A 7a). op. cit., 203, fig. 142a, from Dhrakhmani, and p. 198, from Chaeronea.

B Urns

Neck (said to be in B ware) Orchomenos ii, pl. XIX, 4. Compare also rays on a B amphora, Orchomenos ii, pl. IV, 1.

Other B vases with rays.

Amphora, PT, 32, fig. 11, and a handle on pl. 1.

Interlocking rays in the Cyclades.

Round pyxis, ἘΦ. ἈρΧ., 1899, pl. 8, 8. Straight-sided pyxis, ibid., 11a. The shapes of both these vases appear in Thessaly (Shapes A 2a, B 3, B B 3).

^{page 177 note 2} Compare the bands round the middle of two pyxides from the Cyclades, ἘΦ. ἈρΧ., 1899, pl. 8, 5 and 7; also bands on jars from Astakos 31 and 32.

^{page 177 note 3} Orchomenos (1) pl. XVIII, 2. A ware, short tongues.

(2) pl. XXVI, 1b. B ware, red points.

(3) pl . XXVI, 4a. Break-up of a design like ours.

^{page 177 note 4} PT, 92 fig. 44c; other examples on pp. 94 and 95, A ware. Contrast the horrid design in B ware, P. 107, fig. 57f.

^{page 177 note 5} Designs in Prosymna are said to be in panels (vol. i, 373) but they seem to be nevertheless chaotic (pl III and vol. ii. 155). No spirals on these vases.

Gonia, pl. I and p. 68: ‘design in panels.’ The shapes of these ‘earlier’ vases cut right across Wace's scheme of shapes. They include an organic handle, and fruit-stands; also carinated bowls which Wein-berg, digging a few miles away, classed as ‘later’ (in Grey ware).

^{page 178 note 1} For the design compare Orchomenos ii, pls. XV, If. and XVIII, 2a. A 3 β.

^{page 178 note 2} Compare Weinberg, p. 504, fig. 17b, (Neolithic Urfirnis ware) for another leaf pattern (B ware).

^{page 178 note 3} For the decoration and perhaps the shape see Prosymna ii, fig. 631. 3, also i, 373. Some smaller vases (shapes A 8 and B 8), have this sort of rim. The shape has also something in common with no. 31: compare a monochrome pithos from Tsangli, PT, 88, fig. 41 f (Thessalian A).

^{page 178 note 4} Cf. Kunze, Orchomenos ii, pl. VI, 2 for the fabric. There may have been paste here, too. Our vase has been reconstructed slightly too narrow. See also PT, 203, fig. 142 e, said to be A 5 γ. For contacts with Malta, see p. 172 above.

^{page 178 note 5} PT, pls. IV–VI from Rakhmani. These bowls were widely distributed in Thessaly. Wace recognised that they were not of native origin, and thought that they came from the North. None of the Thessalian bowls had omphaloi, but often a spiral or circle in the middle. Compare the decoration of bowls at Malta, Zammit, T., Prehistoric Malta, 104, 105, fig. 19 (perhaps an omphalos).Google Scholar

^{page 178 note 6} SeeDS, pl. 6. 1.

^{page 178 note 7} Compare an early monochrome jug (our Fig. 7, B B 14), PT, 87, fig. 40h. For the fabric and decoration compare PMac, 149, fig. 15 n. See also a conical shape in A 3 β ware in Orchomenos ii, 36, fig. 34 and pl. XVIII, 1 g.

^{page 179 note 1} Cf. Orchomenos ii, 12, Abb. 8a.

^{page 179 note 2} Cf. Ibid., Abb. 8b; Weinberg, 503, fig. 14a.

^{page 179 note 3} For the shape compare PMac, pl. VIII, no. 65.

^{page 179 note 4} Cf. Orchomenos ii, 28, Abb. 24 in painted ware. Ours is thicker. This rim starts rather like PMac, 143, nos. 37, 38. On what evidence did the author achieve his reconstruction?

^{page 179 note 5} Cf. a narrower vase, H. Schmidt, Cucuteni, pl. 12; foot on the right.

^{page 179 note 6} Cf. Weinberg, fig. 15, p. 503; also Orchomenos ii, 10, Abb. 4.

^{page 179 note 7} Not unlike the sections of Grey-ware vases at Corinth. Weinberg, 509, fig. 25.

^{page 179 note 8} For the shape of the neck, cf. op. cit., fig. 16.

^{page 180 note 1} Cf. Orchomenos, ii, 10, Abb. 3; Goldman, Eutresis, 77, fig. 89a, b. The example figured by Miss Goldman from Vinça has not got the long rim which characterizes these vases and which is rather a rare feature. The Thessalian example which she quotes, DS, 243, fig. 145, is our shape B2a!

^{page 181 note 1} Cf. Vassits, M.Pr. Zeit, ii, pl. 11bGoogle Scholar, foot from Vinça. See also for impressed spirals Fiala, and Homes, , Butmir ii, pl. VIII. Magnificent flints were found at this settlement.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 2} From Polis, BSA xxxix, fig. 1.2: pl. 1. 1.

^{page 181 note 3} From Polis, ibid., pl. 1, 15; from Aetos, Heurtley, , BSA xxxiii, 57, 108.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 4} Cf. Blegen, Zygouries, 121, fig. 114, 5.

^{page 183 note 1} Bittel, op. cit., pl. XVII.

^{page 183 note 2} See p. 172 above.

^{page 183 note 3} xii (1935) referred to by Angel, , ll. cc. infr. Velde, (ZfE xliv, 847)Google Scholar publishes a skull from Choirospilia in Leukas, with an index of 81, which he considers of Neolithic date. The evidence is slight, fragments of one pot, not published nor clearly described. Cf. Angel, , Hesperia, xiv, 291.Google Scholar

^{page 183 note 4} AJA 1945, 252–4, pl. X; Hesperia xiv, 291.