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Fluctuations climatiques : une étude synoptique du climat, fin XVIIIe-début XIXe siècle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 May 2018

John Kington
John Kington*
Affiliation:
Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia
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Extract

L'étude des fluctuations climatiques pendant les temps historiques est fonction de la découverte et de la confrontation de sources adéquates et fiables. E. Le Roy Ladurie, utilisant des données quantitatives soit directement, soit après traitement, a dessiné un synopsis magistral de l'histoire du climat au cours du dernier millénaire. On a enregistré, quoique de façon irrégulière au début, des observations instrumentales à travers une bonne partie de l'Europe pendant le dernier tiers de ce millénaire. Le regroupement et le recoupement minutieux d'un tel matériel ont permis de reconstituer des séries de longue durée pour plusieurs régions d'Europe ; ainsi pour l'Angleterre centrale à partir de 1659 et pour l'Europe centrale à partir de 1761.

Summary

Summary

The present article reviews a research project concerning the construction and analysis of historical daily synoptic weather maps from 1781. The 1780's were selected as a starting point both because adequate sources of data existed from that time on and because climatic conditions during this period were distinctly different from those of 1900-1939.

After a brief discussion of the development of instrumental meteorological observing over the past three centuries, a comparative investigation is undertaken between the 40-year climatic period 1781-1820 and the “normal” datum 1900-1939. The Lamb British Isles weather types and circulation patterns are applied to selected 4-year phases. The data are presented in tables of yearly and average frequencies of weather types and tables of the central England temperature series.

Further synoptic climatological studies are suggested, including investigation of large-scale circulation patterns and construction of 500 millibar charts.

Type
Le Climat Dans L'Histoire
Information
Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 227 - 236
Copyright
Copyright © Les Éditions de l’EHESS 1977

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References

Notes

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