Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T15:31:52.918Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Temperature alterations during embryogenesis have a sex-dependent influence on growth properties and muscle metabolism of day-old chicks and 35-day-old broilers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2017

C. Krischek ,
K. Wimmers ,
S. Janisch ,
M. Wicke  and
A. R. Sharifi
C. Krischek*
Affiliation:
Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, Foundation University of Veterinary Medicine, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
K. Wimmers
Affiliation:
Institute for Genome Biology, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), D-18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
S. Janisch
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Quality of Food of Animal Origin, Georg-August-University Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
M. Wicke
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Quality of Food of Animal Origin, Georg-August-University Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
A. R. Sharifi
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genetics, Georg-August-University Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Broiler eggs were either incubated at 37.8°C during the whole incubation period (control), or at higher (38.8°C, group H) and lower temperatures (36.8°C, group L) from embryonic day (ED) 7 up to ED 10 (ED 7 to 10) or from ED 10 up to ED 13 (ED 10 to 13). Before and after this temperature treatment the eggs were incubated at 37.8°C. The day-old chicks were weighted, sexed and fed up to day 35. On days 1 and 35 samples were taken from the breast and leg muscles for analyzing of the mitochondrial respiratory activity (MRA) and from the breast muscles for analysis of the cross-sectional areas (CSA) and the glycogen phosphorylase (GP), phosphofructokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), citrate synthase (CS) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) activities. Statistical analysis showed that treatment (control, group H, group L), sex and their interaction, but not the treatment period (ED 7 to 10; ED 10 to 13), significantly influenced the results. Group H chicks had lower (P⩽0.05) body and heart weights but higher (P⩽0.05) liver weights, CSA values, leg MRA as well as PFK, LDH, CS, GP and COX activities compared with the group L chicks. The results of the control chicks differ (P⩽0.05) from those of the group H (body, heart weight, COX), the group L chicks (liver weight, PFK, LDH, CS, GP) or the birds of both other groups (CSA). The group H broiler had higher (P⩽0.05) body and leg weights as well as LDH, CS, COX and GP activities than the group L broilers. The BWs and the LDH and GP results of the control broiler differ (P⩽0.05) from those of both other groups or from the results of the group H (CS) and group L broiler (COX). Female broilers had lower (P⩽0.05) body, breast and leg weights, but higher (P⩽0.05) CSA, LDH, CS and GP activities than the male animals. Analysis of treatment×sex interaction showed that group H hens had higher (P⩽0.05) body and breast weights, LDH and GP activities compared with the group L hens, whereas in the male broiler no effect of the interaction could be found, except for the lower (P⩽0.05) CSA values in the group H than group L cocks. The treatment effects are probably due to altered embryonic activity and related molecular mechanisms. The sex-related differences in the broiler indicate that these alterations already occur in the embryos and chicks, but become significant with the sexual dimorphism after hatch.

Keywords

day-old chicks35-day-old broilerincubation temperaturemitochondrial respiratory activitymetabolic enzyme activity
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 12 , Issue 6 , June 2018 , pp. 1224 - 1231
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

✠

Deceased.

References

Aviagen 2017. Ross 308 broiler: Performance objectives. Retrieved 30/04/2017 on http://eu.aviagen.com/assets/Tech_Center/Ross_Broiler/Ross-308-Broiler-PO-2014-EN.pdf Google Scholar
Baeza, E, Chartrin, P, Meteau, K, Bordeau, T, Juin, H, Le Bihan-Duval, E, Lessire, M and Berri, C 2010. Effect of sex and genotype on carcase composition and nutritional characteristics of chicken meat. British Poultry Science 51, 344–353.Google Scholar
Berri, C, Le Bihan-Duval, E, Debut, M, Sante-Lhoutellier, V, Baeza, E, Gigaud, V, Jego, Y and Duclos, MJ 2007. Consequence of muscle hypertrophy on characteristics of pectoralis major muscle and breast meat quality of broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Science 85, 2005–2011.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bottje, W, Tang, ZX, Iqbal, M, Cawthon, D, Okimoto, R, Wing, T and Cooper, M 2002. Association of mitochondrial function with feed efficiency within a single genetic line of male broilers. Poultry Science 81, 546–555.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bradford, MM 1976. Rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72, 248–254.Google Scholar
Branciari, R, Mugnai, C, Mammoli, R, Miraglia, D, Ranucci, D, A. Dal Bosco, A and Castellini, C 2009. Effect of genotype and rearing system on chicken behavior and muscle fiber characteristics. Journal of Animal Science 87, 4109–4117.Google Scholar
Cobb-Vantress 2017. Cobb 500 Broiler Performance & Nutrition Supplement. Retrieved 30/04/2017 on https://cobb-guides.s3.amazonaws.com/a71b8bc0-bbd4-11e6-bd5d-55bb08833e29.pdf Google Scholar
Dadgar, S, Lee, ES, Leer, TLV, Crowe, TG, Classen, HL and Shand, PJ 2011. Effect of acute cold exposure, age, sex, and lairage on broiler breast meat quality. Poultry Science 90, 444–457.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
England, EM, Scheffer, TL, Kasten, SC, Matarneh, SK and Gerrard, DE 2013. Exploring the unknowns involved in the transformation of muscle to meat. Meat Science 95, 837–843.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Feng, YP, Peng, XL, Li, SH and Gong, YZ 2009. Isolation and characterization of sexual dimorphism genes expressed in chicken embryonic gonads. Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 41, 285–294.Google Scholar
Fidan, ED, Türkyılmaz, MK, Nazlıgül, A, Ünübol Aypak, S and Karaarslan, S 2015. Effect of preslaughter shackling on stress, meat quality traits, and glycolytic potential in broilers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 17, 1141–1150.Google Scholar
Gladys, GE, Hill, D, Meijerhof, R, Saleh, TM and Hulet, RM. 2000. Effect of embryo temperature and age of breeder fock on broiler post hatch performance. Poultry Science 79 (suppl. 1), 123.Google Scholar
Hammond, CL, Simbi, BH and Stickland, NC 2007. In ovo temperature manipulation influences embryonic motility and growth of limb tissues in the chick (Gallus Gallus). The Journal of Experimental Biology 210, 2667–2675.Google Scholar
Henry, MH and Burke, WH 1998. Sexual dimorphism in broiler chick embryos and embryonic muscle development in late incubation. Poultry Science 77, 728–736.Google Scholar
Ipek, A, Sahan, U, Baycan, S and Sozcu, A 2014. The effects of different eggshell temperatures on embryonic development, hatchability, chick quality, and first-week broiler. Poultry Science 93, 464–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janisch, S, Krischek, C and Wicke, M 2011. Color values and other meat quality characteristics of breast muscles collected from 3 broiler genetic lines slaughtered at 2 ages. Poultry Science 90, 1774–1781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janisch, S, Sharifi, AR, Wicke, M and Krischek, C 2015. Changing the incubation temperature during embryonic myogenesis influences the weight performance and meat quality of male and female broilers. Poultry Science 94, 2581–2588.Google Scholar
Kang, C and Lim, W 2016. Data on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of old mice in response to different exercise intensity. Data in Brief 7, 1519–1523.Google Scholar
Krischek, C, Janisch, S, Gunther, R and Wicke, M 2011. Nutrient composition of broiler and turkey breast meat in relation to age, gender and genetic line of the animals. Journal of Food Safety and Food Quality 62, 76–81.Google Scholar
Krischek, C, Janisch, S, Naraballobh, W, Brunner, R, Wimmers, K and Wicke, M 2016. Altered incubation temperatures between embryonic days 7 and 13 influence the weights and the mitochondrial respiratory and enzyme activities in breast and leg muscles of broiler embryos. Molecular Reproduction and Development 83, 71–78.Google Scholar
Krischek, C, Kuembet, U, Wicke, M and Gerken, M 2013. A higher incubation temperature between embryonic day 3 and 6 influences growth and meat quality characteristics of broiler after hatch. European Poultry Science 77, 59–65.Google Scholar
Kristiansen, MS, Uhrbrand, A, Hansen, M, Shiguetomi-Medina, JM, Vissing, K, Stodkilde-Jorgensen, H and Langberg, H 2014. Concomitant changes in cross-sectional area and water content in skeletal muscle after resistance exercise. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 24, e260–e268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lefaucheur, L 2010. A second look into fibre typing – relation to meat quality. Meat Science 84, 257–270.Google Scholar
Leksrisompong, N, Romero-Sanchez, H, Plumstead, PW, Brannan, KE and Brake, J 2007. Broiler incubation. 1. Effect of elevated temperature during late incubation on body weight and organs of chicks. Poultry Science 86, 2685–2691.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loyau, T, Berri, C, Bedrani, L, Metayer-Coustard, S, Praud, C, Duclos, MJ, Tesseraud, S, Rideau, N, Everaert, N, Yahav, Y, Mignon-Grasteau, S and Collin, A 2013. Thermal manipulation of the embryo modifies the physiology and body composition of broiler chickens reared in floor pens without affecting breast meat processing quality. Journal of Animal Science 91, 3674–3685.Google Scholar
MacDougall, JD, Hicks, AL, MacDonald, JR, McKelvie, RS, Green, HJ and Smith, KM 1998. Muscle performance and enzymatic adaptations to sprint interval training. Journal of Applied Physiology 84, 2138–2142.Google Scholar
Mora-Rodriguez, R, Sanchez-Roncero, A, Fernandez-Elias, VE, Guadalupe-Grau, A, Ortega, JF, Dela, F and Helge, JW 2016. Aerobic exercise training increases muscle water content in obese middle-age men. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48, 822–828.Google Scholar
Papa, S 1996. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation changes in the life span. Molecular aspects and physiopathological implications. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1276, 87–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piestun, Y, Halevy, O and Yahav, S 2009. Thermal manipulations of broiler embryos – the effect on thermoregulation and development during embryogenesis. Poultry Science 88, 2677–2688.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rehfeldt, C, Schadereit, R, Weikard, R and Reichel, K 1997. Effect of clenbuterol on growth, carcase and skeletal muscle characteristics in broiler chickens. British Poultry Science 38, 366–373.Google Scholar
Russell, AP, Foletta, VC, Snow, RJ and Wadley, GD 2014. Skeletal muscle mitochondria: a major player in exercise, health and disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1840, 1276–1284.Google Scholar
SAS 2012. SAS/ STAT Guide for personal computers, Version 9.3 ed. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA Google Scholar
Semsarian, C, Sutrave, P, Richmond, DR and Graham, RM 1999. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) induces myotube hypertrophy associated with an increase in anaerobic glycolysis in a clonal skeletal-muscle cell model. Biochemical Journal 339, 443–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheuermann, G, Bilgili, S, Tuzun, S and Mulvaney, D 2004. Comparison of chicken genotypes: myofiber number in pectoralis muscle and myostatin ontogeny. Poultry Science 83, 1404–1412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tagirov, M and Golovan, S 2015. Sexual dimorphism in the early embryogenesis of the chicken (Gallus Gallus domesticus). Molecular Reproduction and Development 82, 332–343.Google Scholar
Van der Heide, EMM, Lourenco, DAL, Chen, CY, Herring, WO, Sapp, RL, Moser, DW, Tsuruta, S, Masuda, Y, Ducro, BJ and Misztal, I 2016. Sexual dimorphism in livestock species selected for economically important traits. Journal of Animal Science 94, 3684–3692.Google Scholar
Werner, C, Wecke, C, Liebert, F and Wicke, M 2010. Increasing the incubation temperature between embryonic day 7 and 10 has no influence on the growth and slaughter characteristics as well as meat quality of broilers. Animal 4, 810–816.Google Scholar
Zhang, SBO, Mathur, S, Hattem, G, Tassy, O and Pourquie, O 2010. Sex-dimorphic gene expression and ineffective dosage compensation of Z-linked genes in gastrulating chicken embryos. BMC Genomics 11, 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-13.Google Scholar