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Sodium and chloride requirements of yellow-feathered chickens between 22 and 42 days of age

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2019

S. Q. Jiang Open the ORCID record for S. Q. Jiang [Opens in a new window] ,
M. M. Azzam ,
H. Yu ,
Q. L. Fan ,
L. Li ,
Z. Y. Gou ,
X. J. Lin ,
M. Liu  and
Z. Y. Jiang
S. Q. Jiang
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
M. M. Azzam
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
H. Yu
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China
Q. L. Fan
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
L. Li
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
Z. Y. Gou
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
X. J. Lin
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
M. Liu
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China
Z. Y. Jiang*
Affiliation:
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Sodium and chloride are the key factors maintaining normal osmotic pressure (OSM) and volume of the extracellular fluid, and influencing the acid–base balance of body fluids. The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Na+ and Cl− level on growth performance, excreta moisture, blood biochemical parameters, intestinal Na+–glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) messenger RNA (mRNA), and Na+–H+ exchanger 2 (NHE2) mRNA, and to estimate the optimal dietary sodium and chlorine level for yellow-feathered chickens from 22 to 42days. A total of 900 22-day-old Lingnan yellow-feathered male chickens were randomly allotted to five treatments, each of which included six replicates of 30 chickens per floor pen. The basal control diet was based on corn and soybean meal (without added NaCl and NaHCO3). Treatments 2 to 5 consisted of the basal diet supplemented with equal weights of Na+ and Cl−, constituting 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% of the diets. Supplemental dietary Na+ and Cl− improved the growth performance (P<0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) showed a quadratic broken-line regression to increasing dietary Na+ and Cl− (R2=0.979, P<0.001), and reached a plateau at 0.1%. Supplemental Na+ and Cl− increased (P<0.05) serum Na+ and OSM in serum and showed a quadratic broken-line regression (R2=0.997, P=0.004) at 0.11%. However, supplemental Na+ and Cl− decreased (P<0.05) serum levels of K+, glucose (GLU) and triglyceride. Higher levels of Na+and Cl− decreased duodenal NHE2 transcripts (P<0.05), but had no effect on ileal SGLT1 transcripts. The activity of Na+ /K+-ATPase in the duodenum decreased (P<0.05) with higher levels of dietary Na+ and Cl−. In conclusion, the optimal dietary Na+ and Cl− requirements for yellow-feathered chickens in the grower phase, from 22 to 42 days of age, to optimize ADG, serum Na+, OSM, K+ and GLU were 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.11%,0.17% and 0.16%, respectively, by regression analysis.

Keywords

chickenssaltgrowth performanceosmotic pressureNa+–H+ exchanger 2
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 13 , Issue 10 , October 2019 , pp. 2183 - 2189
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2019 

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Footnotes

Present address: Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Dafeng First Street, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China.

a

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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