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Response of piglets to the valine content in diet in combination with the supply of other branched-chain amino acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 June 2011

M. Gloaguen ,
N. Le Floc'h ,
L. Brossard ,
R. Barea ,
Y. Primot ,
E. Corrent  and
J. van Milgen
M. Gloaguen
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35000 Rennes, France AJINOMOTO EUROLYSINE S.A.S, 75817 Paris Cedex 17, France
N. Le Floc'h
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35000 Rennes, France
L. Brossard
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35000 Rennes, France
R. Barea
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35000 Rennes, France
Y. Primot
Affiliation:
AJINOMOTO EUROLYSINE S.A.S, 75817 Paris Cedex 17, France
E. Corrent
Affiliation:
AJINOMOTO EUROLYSINE S.A.S, 75817 Paris Cedex 17, France
J. van Milgen*
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1079, Systèmes d′Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine (SENAH), F-35000 Rennes, France
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) valine (Val) and isoleucine (Ile) are considered to be among the next-limiting amino acids for growth in piglets. In earlier studies, we estimated the standardized ileal digestible (SID) Val : Lys (lysine) requirement to be at least 70%, whereas the Ile : Lys requirement may be as low as 50%. Because the BCAA partially share a common route of catabolism, the supply of one BCAA may affect the availability of the other BCAA. Four experiments were conducted to determine the response of 6-week-old piglets to the Val supply in relation to the other BCAA. A deficient supply of Val or Ile typically results in a reduction in average daily feed intake (ADFI). Experiment 1 was designed to determine the effect of a limiting Val supply, independent of the effect on feed intake. In a dose–response study using restrictively fed piglets, nitrogen retention did not increase for an SID Val : Lys supply greater than 64%. In the remaining experiments, piglets were offered feed ad libitum using ADFI, average daily gain (ADG) and gain-to-feed ratio as response criteria. The interaction between the Val and leucine (Leu) was studied in Experiment 2 in a 2 × 2 factorial design (60% and 70% SID Val : Lys, and 111% and 165% SID Leu : Lys). Performance was considerably lower in piglets receiving 60% Val : Lys compared with those receiving 70% Val : Lys and was lowest in piglets receiving the diet with low Val and high Leu content. To further evaluate the interaction between Val and Leu, a dose–response study was carried out in which the response to Val supply was studied in combination with high Leu supply (165% Leu : Lys). Using a curvilinear-plateau model, the average SID Val : Lys requirement was 72%. However, low Val supply (60% SID Val : Lys) reduced performance by 13% to 38%, which was much greater than what we observed in earlier studies. Experiment 4 was carried out to test the hypothesis that the Val requirement is not affected by low Ile supply (50% SID Ile : Lys). Performance was not improved for Val : Lys supplies greater than 65%, which may indicate that Ile (and not Lys) was second-limiting in this study. In conclusion, the first response of piglets to deficient Val supply appears to be a reduction in ADFI, rather than a reduction in ADG or nitrogen retention. A large supply of Leu may not affect the Val requirement per se, but may aggravate the consequences of Val deficiency.

Keywords

branched-chain amino acidsvalinenutrient requirementpigs
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 5 , Issue 11 , 26 September 2011 , pp. 1734 - 1742
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2011

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