Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T22:22:40.312Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Response of piglets to the standardized ileal digestible isoleucine, histidine and leucine supply in cereal–soybean meal-based diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2012

M. Gloaguen ,
N. Le Floc'h ,
Y. Primot ,
E. Corrent  and
J. van Milgen
M. Gloaguen
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35000 Rennes, France AJINOMOTO EUROLYSINE s.a.s, F-75817 Paris Cedex 17, France
N. Le Floc'h
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35000 Rennes, France
Y. Primot
Affiliation:
AJINOMOTO EUROLYSINE s.a.s, F-75817 Paris Cedex 17, France
E. Corrent
Affiliation:
AJINOMOTO EUROLYSINE s.a.s, F-75817 Paris Cedex 17, France
J. van Milgen*
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1348 PEGASE, F-35000 Rennes, France
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Improving the amino acid (AA) profile of the diet by using l-Lys, l-Thr, dl-Met, l-Trp and l-Val helps to reduce the dietary CP content, thereby reducing nitrogen excretion while maintaining the performance of pigs. Valine is the fifth limiting AA in cereal–soybean meal-based diets. The extent to which the CP content in the diet can be reduced further without compromising performance depends on the requirement of the next limiting AA. In cereal–soybean meal-based diets, Ile, His and Leu may be the limiting AAs after Val, although information on the requirements for these AAs is scarce. Six experiments were conducted to determine the effect of supplementing a low-CP diet with l-Ile, l-His and l-Leu on the performance of pigs weighing 10 to 20 kg. Experiment 1 was designed to determine the most limiting AA with respect to performance among Ile, His and Leu. A diet 10% deficient in Ile, Leu and His relative to the National Research Council (NRC, 1998) requirement estimates tended to decrease daily feed intake and daily gain by 6% and 8%, respectively. A 10% deficiency in His alone had no effect, whereas a 10% deficiency in Ile or Leu slightly reduced daily feed intake and gain. In the remaining experiments, the standardized ileal digestible (SID) Ile : Lys, His : Lys and Leu : Lys requirements were estimated. In Experiments 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, 14 blocks of six pigs each were assigned to six levels of SID Ile : Lys (40%, 43%, 46%, 49%, 52% and 55%), His : Lys (20%, 24%, 28%, 32%, 36% and 40%), His : Lys (21%, 24%, 27%, 30%, 33% and 36%), Leu : Lys (70%, 78%, 86%, 94%, 102% and 110%) and Leu : Lys (80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, 120% and 130%), respectively. Across experiments, the estimated SID Ile : Lys, His : Lys and Leu : Lys requirements for maximizing daily gain were 49%, 32% and 102%, respectively, using a curvilinear plateau model. When Ile, His and Leu levels were 10% below the requirement estimate, daily gain was reduced by 9%, 3% and 3%, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the Ile requirement estimate is lower than the current NRC requirement estimate, whereas the Leu and His requirements correspond to those proposed by the NRC.

Keywords

histidineisoleucineleucinenutrient requirementspigs
Type
Nutrition
Information
animal , Volume 7 , Issue 6 , June 2013 , pp. 901 - 908
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

AFNOR 1997. NF V18-120, Animal feeding stuffs. Determination of nitrogen content. Combustion method (DUMAS). Association Française de Normalisation, Paris, France.Google Scholar
AFNOR 2005. NF EN ISO 13903, Animal feeding stuffs. Determination of amino acids content. Association Française de Normalisation, Paris, France.Google Scholar
Augspurger, NR, Baker, DH 2004. An estimate of the leucine requirement for young pigs. Animal Science 79, 149–153.Google Scholar
Barea, R, Brossard, L, Le Floc'h, N, Primot, Y, van Milgen, J 2009a. The standardized ileal digestible isoleucine-to-lysine requirement ratio may be less than fifty percent in eleven- to twenty-three-kilogram piglets. Journal of Animal Science 87, 4022–4031.Google Scholar
Barea, R, Brossard, L, Le Floc'h, N, Primot, Y, Melchior, D, van Milgen, J 2009b. The standardized ileal digestible valine-to-lysine requirement ratio is at least seventy percent in postweaned piglets. Journal of Animal Science 87, 935–947.Google Scholar
Boisen, S 2003. Ideal dietary amino acid profiles for pigs. In Amino acids in animal nutrition (ed. JPF D'Mello), pp. 157–168. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) 2003. Nutrient requirement standards for pigs. British Society of Animal Science, Penicuik, UK.Google Scholar
Clemens, RA, Kopple, JD, Swendseid, ME 1984. Metabolic effects of histidine-deficient diets fed to growing-rats by gastric tube. Journal of Nutrition 114, 2138–2146.Google Scholar
Edmonds, MS, Baker, DH 1987. Amino acid excesses for young pigs: effects of excess methionine, tryptophan, threonine or leucine. Journal of Animal Science 64, 1664–1671.Google Scholar
Escobar, J, Frank, JW, Suryawan, A, Nguyen, HV, Kimball, SR, Jefferson, LS, Davis, TA 2005. Physiological rise in plasma leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs by enhancing translation initiation factor activation. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism 288, E914–E921.Google Scholar
Ettle, T, Roth, FX 2003. Specific dietary selection for lysine, tryptophan and threonine by the piglet. In Progress in research on energy and protein metabolism (ed. WB Souffrant and CC Metges), pp. 147–150. Wageningen Academinc Publishers, Wageningen, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Figueroa, JL, Lewis, AJ, Miller, PS, Fischer, RL, Diedrichsen, RM 2003. Growth, carcass traits, and plasma amino acid concentrations of gilts fed low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids including histidine, isoleucine, and valine. Journal of Animal Science 81, 1529–1537.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gloaguen, M, Le Floc'h, N, Corrent, E, Primot, Y, van Milgen, J 2012. Providing a diet deficient in valine but with excess leucine results in a rapid decrease in feed intake and modifies the postprandial plasma amino acid and α-keto acid concentrations in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 90, 3135–3142.Google Scholar
Gloaguen, M, Le Floc'h, N, Brossard, L, Barea, R, Primot, Y, Corrent, E, van Milgen, J 2011. Response of piglets to the valine content in diet in combination with the supply of other branched-chain amino acids. Animal 5, 1734–1742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henry, Y 1993. Affinement du concept de la protéine idéale pour le porc en croissance. INRA Productions Animales 6, 199–212.Google Scholar
ISO 1998. Animal feeding stuffs, animal products, and feces or urine – determination of gross calorific value. Bomb calorimeter method. Norme international ISO 9831.Google Scholar
Izquierdo, OA, Wedekind, KJ, Baker, DH 1988. Histidine requirement of the young pig. Journal of Animal Science 66, 2886–2892.Google Scholar
Kerr, BJ, Kiddt, MT, Cuaron, JA, Bryant, KL, Parr, TM, Maxwell, CV, Weaver, E 2004. Utilization of spray-dried blood cells and crystalline isoleucine in nursery pig diets. Journal of Animal Science 82, 2397–2404.Google Scholar
Li, DF, Zhang, JH, Gong, LM 2002. Optimum ratio of histidine in the piglet ideal protein model and its effects on the body metabolism II. Optimum ratio of histidine in 10–20 kg piglet ideal protein and its effects on blood parameters. Archives of Animal Nutrition 56, 199–212.Google ScholarPubMed
Li, FN, Yin, YL, Tan, B, Kong, XF, Wu, GY 2011. Leucine nutrition in animals and humans: mTOR signaling and beyond. Amino Acids 41, 1185–1193.Google Scholar
Lordelo, MM, Gaspar, AM, Le Bellego, L, Freire, JP 2008. Isoleucine and valine supplementation of a low-protein corn-wheat–soybean meal-based diet for piglets: growth performance and nitrogen balance. Journal of Animal Science 86, 2936–2941.Google Scholar
Mertz, ET, Beeson, WM, Jackson, HD 1952. Classification of essential amino acids for the weanling pig. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 38, 121–128.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 1998. Nutrient requirements of swine, 10th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Noblet, J, Fortune, H, Shi, XS, Dubois, S 1994. Prediction of net energy value of feeds for growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 72, 344–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Onodera, R 2003. Essentiality of histidine in ruminant and other animals including human beings. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 16, 445–454.Google Scholar
Pardridge, WM 1977. Kinetics of competitive inhibition of neutral amino acid transport across the blood–brain barrier. Journal of Neurochemistry 28, 103–108.Google Scholar
Robbins, KR, Baker, DH, Norton, HW 1977. Histidine status in chick as measured by growth-rate, plasma-free histidine and breast muscle carnosine. Journal of Nutrition 107, 2055–2061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robbins, KR, Saxton, AM, Southern, LL 2006. Estimation of nutrient requirements using broken-line regression analysis. Journal of Animal Science 84 (suppl.), E155–E165.Google Scholar
Rose, WC, Haines, WJ, Warner, DT, Johnson, JE 1951. The amino acid requirements of man. II. The role of threonine and histidine. Journal of Biological Chemistry 188, 49–58.Google Scholar
Sauvant, D, Perez, J-M, Tran, G 2004. Table of composition of nutritional value of feed materials. Pigs, poultry, cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, horses, fish, 2nd edition. INRA Editions, Paris, France.Google Scholar
Tischler, ME, Desautels, M, Goldberg, AL 1982. Does leucine, leucyltransfer RNA, or some metabolite of leucine regulate protein synthesis and degradation in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Journal of Biological Chemistry 257, 1613–1621.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Milgen, J, Gloaguen, M, Le Floc'h, N, Brossard, L, Primot, Y, Corrent, E 2012. Meta-analysis of the response of growing pigs to the isoleucine concentration in the diet. Animal 6, 1601–1608.Google Scholar
Wiltafsky, MK, Bartelt, J, Relandeau, C, Roth, FX 2009. Estimation of the optimum ratio of standardized ileal digestible isoleucine to lysine for eight- to twenty-five-kilogram pigs in diets containing spray-dried blood cells or corn gluten feed as a protein source. Journal of Animal Science 87, 2554–2564.Google Scholar
Yin, YL, Yao, K, Liu, ZJ, Gong, M, Ruan, Z, Deng, D, Tan, B, Liu, ZQ, Wu, GY 2010. Supplementing l-leucine to a low-protein diet increases tissue protein synthesis in weanling pigs. Amino Acids 39, 1477–1486.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Gloaguen Supplementary Material

Appendix

Download Gloaguen Supplementary Material(PDF)
PDF 191.9 KB