Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T14:42:29.001Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Molecular approach of gossypol-induced reproductive toxicity in male rabbits. Changes in seminal plasma amino acids and fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2008

T. A. Taha ,
W. F. Shaaban ,
F. D. EL-Nouty  and
M. H. Salem
T. A. Taha*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
W. F. Shaaban
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
F. D. EL-Nouty
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
M. H. Salem
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
*
E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

This study was done to evaluate the effects of two sublethal doses of gossypol (4 and 20 mg/kg of BW, every other day) on some amino and fatty acid concentrations in male rabbit seminal plasma. Rabbits were chosen as an experimental animal owing to the fact that they are excellent model for reproductive toxicological effects. The experiment lasted 16 weeks and included two periods: a treatment period (first 8 weeks) where the animals were given the tested product, and a recovery period (second 8 weeks) where all drugs were withdrawn. Results showed that total amino acids (TAA), total essential amino acids (EAA), total non-essential amino acids (non-EAA) and EAA/non-EAA ratio were decreased in a dose-dependent manner during gossypol treatment. The deleterious effect on TAA concentrations was mainly due to the reduction in total EAA. However, these concentrations regained their normal values after gossypol cessation. Basic, acidic, neutral amino acids and basic/acidic amino acids ratio decreased in a dose-dependent manner by gossypol treatment. Additionally, gossypol administration caused decreases in total unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) and increases in total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the SFA/USFA ratio in a dose-dependent manner. During the recovery period, total SFA and USFA showed significant reduction and significant increase, respectively, after gossypol withdrawal. In conclusion, gossypol administration affected rabbit seminal plasma concentrations of amino and fatty acids in a dose-dependant manner. Gossypol reduced TAA, total EAA and total non-EAA. Additionally, gossypol caused decreases in total USFA and increases in total SFA. These deleterious effects were associated with poor-quality semen observed in our previous studies.

Keywords

gossypolrabbitseminal plasmaamino acidsfatty acids
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 2 , Issue 9 , September 2008 , pp. 1346 - 1352
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arshami, J, Ruttle, JL 1988. Effects of diets containing gossypol on spermatogenic tissues of young bulls. Theriogenology 30, 507–516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Association of Official Analytical Chemists 1995. Official methods of analysis, 16th edition. AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Boatner, CH 1948. Pigments of cottonseed. In Cottonseed and cottonseed products. Their chemistry and chemical technology (ed. AE Bailey), pp. 215–223. Wiley (Interscience), New York.Google Scholar
Chadha, S, Sanyal, SN, Kanwar, U 1988. Effects of gossypol acetic acid on the absorptive and digestive functions of rat intestine. Biochemistry International 17, 1117–1133.Google ScholarPubMed
Chase, CC, Bastidas, P, Ruttle, JL, Long, CR, Randal, RD 1994. Growth and reproductive development in brahman bulls fed diets containing gossypol. Journal of Animal Science 72, 445–452.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chaudhury, K, Sharma, U, Jagannathan, NR, Guha, SK 2002. Effects of a new injectable male contraceptive on the seminal plasma amino acids studied by proton NMR spectroscopy. Contraception 66, 199–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cui, GH, Xu, ZL, Yang, ZJ, Xu, YY, Xue, SP 2004. A combined regimen of gossypol plus methyltestosterone and ethinylestradiol as a contraceptive induces germ cell apoptosis and expression of its related genes in rats. Contraception 70, 335–342.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dietz, RW, Flipse, RJ 1966. Metabolism of bovine semen. XIV. Transport of glycine by bovine spermatozoa. Journal of Dairy Science 49, 85–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eitel, K, Staiger, H, Brendel, MD, Brandhorst, D, Bretzel, RG, Haring, HU, Kellerer, M 2002. Different role of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in beta-cell apoptosis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication 299, 853–856.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fernandez-Real, JM, Broch, M, Vendrell, J, Ricart, W 2003. Insulin resistance, inflammation, and serum fatty acid composition. Diabetes Care 26, 1362–1368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folch, J, Lees, M, Sloane-Stanley, GH 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foote, RH, Carney, EW 2000. The rabbit as a model for reproductive and developmental toxicity studies. Reproductive Toxicology 14, 477–493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gassner, FX, Hopwood, ML 1952. Seminal amino acid and carbohydrate pattern of bulls with normal and abnormal testes function. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 81, 37–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hafez, ESE, Hafez, B 2000. Reproduction in farm animals, 7th edition. Lipooincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, PB 1962. Ion exchange chromatography of amino acid. Micro determination of free amino acid in serum. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 102, 55–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hammerstedt, RH 1993. Maintenance of bioenergetic balance in sperm and prevention of lipid peroxidation: a review of the effect on design of storage preservation systems. Reproduction, Fertility, and Development 5, 675–690.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hara, K, Yamashita, S, Fujisawa, A, Ishiwa, S, Ogawa, T 1999. Oxidative stress in newborn infants with and without asphyxia as measured by plasma antioxidants and free fatty acids. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication 257, 244–248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hartree, EF, Mann, T 1961. Phospholipids in ram semen: metabolism of plasmalogen and fatty acids. Biochemical Journal 80, 464–476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hopwood, ML, Gassner, FX 1962. The free amino acids of bovine semen. Fertility and Sterility 13, 290–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Javed, MH, Waqar, MA 1995. Protective effect of histidine by inhibition of gossypol on rat’s liver LDH-5. Biochemical Society Transactions (Abstract) 23, 626S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, LA, Pursel, VG, Gerrits, RJ, Thomas, CH 1972. Free amino acid composition of porcine seminal, epididymal and seminal vesicle fluids. Journal of Animal Science 34, 430–434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kates, M 1972. Techniques of lipidology: isolation, analysis and identification of lipids. In Laboratory techniques in biochemistry and molecular biology (ed. TS Work and E Work), pp. 446–465. North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Levy, E, Rizwan, Y, Thibault, L, Lepage, G, Brunet, S, Bouthillier, L, Seidman, E 2000. Altered lipid profile, lipoprotein composition, and oxidant and antioxidant status in pediatric Crohn disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 71, 807–815.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mann, T 1964. The biochemistry of semen and of the male reproductive tract, p. 166. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Mann, T, Lutwak-Mann, C 1981. Biochemistry of spermatozoa: chemical and functional correlations in ejaculated semen. In Male reproductive function and semen. Themes and trends in physiology and biochemistry and investigative andrology (ed. T Mann and C Lutwak-Mann), pp. 185–268. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Marra, CA, de Alaniz, MJ 1990. Mineralocorticoids modify rat liver delta 6 desaturase activity and other parameters of lipid metabolism. Biochemistry International 22, 483–493.Google ScholarPubMed
Mills, SC, Scott, TW 1969. Metabolism of fatty acids by testicular and ejaculated ram spermatozoa. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 18, 367–369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morris, ID, Higgins, C, Matlin, SA 1986. Inhibition of testicular LDH-X from laboratory animals and man by gossypol and its isomers. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 77, 607–612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mrnka, L, Novakova, O, Novak, F, Tvrzicka, E, Pacha, J 2000. Aldosterone alters the phospholipid composition of rat colonocytes. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 73, 11–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nissen, HP, Kreysel, HW 1983. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to sperm motility. Andrologia 15, 264–269.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nissen, HP, Kreysel, HW, Schirren, C 1981. Composition of the lipid-bound fatty acids of human semen in relation to its fertility values. Andrologia 13, 444–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouchi, M, Ikeda, T, Nakamura, K, Harino, S, Kinoshita, S 2002. A novel relation of fatty acid with age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmologica 216, 363–367.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Papp, G, Grof, J, Menyhart, J 1983. The role of basic amino acids of the seminal plasma in fertility. International Urology and Nephrology 15, 195–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, E, Masters, CJ 1968. Incorporation of 14C-labelled fatty acids into the lipids of bovine spermatozoa. Life Science 7, 935–941.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pomeranz, Y, Meloan, CE 1978. Food analysis: theory and practice. Revised edition, pp. 335–353. AVI Publishing Company, INC, Connecticut, USA.Google Scholar
Radwan, SS 1978. Coupling of two dimensional thin layer chromatography with gas chromatography for the quantitative analysis of lipid classes and their constituent fatty acids. Journal of Chromatographic Science 16, 538–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saha, SK, Ohinata, H, Ohno, T, Kuroshima, A 1998. Thermogenesis and fatty acid composition of brown adipose tissue in rats rendered hyperthyroid and hypothyroid with special reference to docosahexaenoic acid. Japanese Journal of Physiology 48, 355–364.Google ScholarPubMed
Setchell, BP, Hinks, NT, Voglmayr, JK, Scott, TW 1967. Amino acids in ram testicular fluid and semen and their metabolism by spermatozoa. Biochemical Journal 105, 1061–1065.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaaban WF 2003. Biological and biochemical seminal changes in rabbits treated with gossypol. MSc, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt.Google Scholar
Shaaban, WF, Taha, TA, EL-Nouty, FD, EL-Mahdy, AR, Salem, MH 2008. Reproductive toxicologic effects of gossypol on male rabbits: biochemical, enzymatic, and electrolytic properties of seminal plasma. Fertility and Sterility 89, 1585–1593.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silvestroni, L, Morisi, G, Malandrino, F, Frajese, G 1979. Free amino acids in semen: measurement and significance in normal and oligozoospermic men. Archives of Andrology 2, 257–261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spackman, DH, Stein, WH, Morre, S 1958. Automatic recording apparatus for use in the chromatography of amino acids. Analytical Chemistry 30, 1190–1206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute (SAS) 1999. SAS user’s guide: statistics, version 8. SAS Inst, Inc, Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Swierstra, EE, Foote, RH 1965. Duration of spermatogenesis and spermatozoon transport in the rabbit based on cytological changes, DNA synthesis and labeling with tritiated thymidine. American Journal of Anatomy 116, 401–412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taha, TA, Shaaban, WF, EL-Mahdy, AR, EL-Nouty, FD, Salem, MH 2006. Reproductive toxicological effects of gossypol on male rabbits: semen characteristics and hormonal levels. Animal Science 82, 259–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyler, A, Rothschild, L 1951. Metabolism of sea urchin spermatozoa and induced anaerobic motility in solutions of amino acids. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 76, 52–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tyler, A, Tanabe, TY 1952. Motile life of bovine spermatozoa in glycine and yolk citrate diluents at high and low temperatures. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 81, 367–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vera, JC, Brito, M, Burzio, LO 1987. Biosynthesis of rat sperm outer dense fibers during spermiogenesis. In vivo incorporation of [3H] leucine into the fibrillar complex. Biology of Reproduction 36, 193–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed