Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T05:05:56.718Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Impact of diet management and composition on vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2019

M. Duplessis Open the ORCID record for M. Duplessis [Opens in a new window] ,
D. Pellerin Open the ORCID record for D. Pellerin [Opens in a new window] ,
R. Robichaud ,
L. Fadul-Pacheco Open the ORCID record for L. Fadul-Pacheco [Opens in a new window]  and
C. L. Girard Open the ORCID record for C. L. Girard [Opens in a new window]
M. Duplessis*
Affiliation:
Valacta, 555 Boul Des Anciens-Combattants, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada H9X 3R4
D. Pellerin
Affiliation:
Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
R. Robichaud
Affiliation:
Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
L. Fadul-Pacheco
Affiliation:
Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
C. L. Girard
Affiliation:
Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherche et développement de Sherbrooke, 2000 rue College, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8
*
†Present address: Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherche et développement de Sherbrooke, 2000 rue College, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1M 0C8. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

As vitamin B12 is only synthesized by bacteria, ruminant products, especially dairy products, are excellent sources of this vitamin. This study aims to identify if diet and cow characteristics could affect vitamin B12 concentration in milk of dairy cows. Information on 1484 first, 1093 second and 1763 third and greater parity Holstein cows in 100 herds was collected during three consecutive milkings. During the first morning milking, all dietary ingredients given to cows were sampled and quantities offered were recorded throughout the day. Nutrient composition of ingredients was obtained by wet chemistry to reconstitute nutrient composition of the ration. Milk samples were taken with in-line milk meters during the evening milking of the 1st day and the morning milking of the 2nd day and were analyzed for vitamin B12 concentration. Milk yields were recorded and milk components were separately analyzed for each milking. Daily vitamin B12 concentration in milk was obtained using morning and evening vitamin B12 concentrations weighted with respective milk yield, then divided by daily yield. To decrease the number of interdependent variables to include in the multivariable model, a principal component analysis was carried out. Daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 averaged 3809±80 pg/ml, 4178±79 pg/ml and 4399±77 pg/ml for first, second and third, and greater lactation cows. Out of 11 principal components, six were significantly related to daily milk concentration of vitamin B12 when entered in the multivariable model. Results suggested that vitamin B12 concentration in milk was positively related to percentage of fiber and negatively related to starch as well as energy of the diet. Negative relationships were noted between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk yield as well as milk lactose concentration and positive relationships were observed between vitamin B12 concentration in milk and milk fat as well as protein concentrations. The percentages of chopped mixed silage and commercial energy supplement in the diet as well as cow BW were positively related to vitamin B12 in milk and percentages of baled mixed silage, corn and commercial protein supplement in the ration were negatively related to vitamin B12 concentration in milk. The pseudo-R2 of the model was low (52%) suggesting that diet and cow characteristics have moderate impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk. Moreover, when entering solely the principal component related to milk production in the model, the pseudo-R2 was 46%. In conclusion, it suggests that studied diet characteristics have a marginal impact on vitamin B12 concentration in milk variation.

Keywords

cobalaminlactationprincipal component analysisfeedmanagement
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 13 , Issue 9 , September 2019 , pp. 2101 - 2109
Creative Commons
Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

a

Present address: Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, 1701 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA.

References

Akins, MS, Bertics, SJ, Socha, MT and Shaver, RD 2013. Effects of cobalt supplementation and vitamin B12 injections on lactation performance and metabolism of Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 96, 1755–1768.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Allen, LH 2009. How common is vitamin B12 deficiency? American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, 693S–696S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beaudet, V, Gervais, R, Graulet, B, Nozière, P, Doreau, M, Fanchone, A, Castagnino, DS and Girard, CL 2016. Effects of dietary nitrogen levels and carbohydrate sources on apparent ruminal synthesis of some B vitamins in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 2730–2739.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canadian Council on Animal Care 2009. Guide to the care and use of experimental animals, 2nd edition. CCAC, Ottawa, ON, Canada.Google Scholar
Castagnino, DS, Kammes, KL, Allen, MS, Gervais, R, Chouinard, PY and Girard, CL 2016a. Particle length of silages affects apparent ruminal synthesis of B vitamins in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 6229–6236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castagnino, DS, Kammes, KL, Allen, MS, Gervais, R, Chouinard, PY and Girard, CL 2017. High-concentrate diets based on forages harvested at different maturity stages affect ruminal synthesis of B vitamins in lactating dairy cows. Animal 11, 608–615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castagnino, DS, Seck, M, Beaudet, V, Kammes, KL, Voelker Linton, JA, Allen, MS, Gervais, R, Chouinard, PY and Girard, CL 2016b. Effects of forage family on apparent ruminal synthesis of B vitamins in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 1884–1894.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chakraborty, S, Chopra, M, Mani, K, Giri, AK, Banerjee, P, Sahni, NS, Siddhu, A, Tandon, N and Bharadwaj, D 2018. Prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in healthy Indian school-going adolescents from rural and urban localities and its relationship with various anthropometric indices: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 31, 513–522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chassaing, C, Graulet, B, Agabriel, C, Martin, B and Girard, CL 2011. Vitamin B9 and B12 contents in cow milk according to production system. In Proceedings of the 10th International Meeting on Mountain Cheese, 14–15 September, Dronero, Italy, pp. 35–36.Google Scholar
Dryden, LP, Hartman, AM, Bryant, MP, Robinson, IM and Moore, LA 1962. Production of vitamin B12 and vitamin B12 analogues by pure cultures of ruminal bacteria. Nature 195, 201–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duplessis, M, Cue, RI, Santschi, DE, Lefebvre, DM and Girard, CL 2018. Short communication: Relationships among plasma and milk vitamin B12, plasma free fatty acids, and blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations in early lactation dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 101, 8559–8565.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duplessis, M, Mann, S, Nydam, DV, Girard, CL, Pellerin, D and Overton, TR 2015. Short communication: Folates and vitamin B12 in colostrum and milk from dairy cows fed different energy levels during the dry period. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 5454–5459.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duplessis, M, Pellerin, D, Cue, RI and Girard, CL 2016. Short communication: Factors affecting vitamin B12 concentration in milk of commercial dairy herds: an exploratory study. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 4886–4892.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Durá-Travé, T and Gallinas-Victoriano, F 2014. Milk and dairy products intake in child-juvenile population in Navarre, Spain. Nutriciόn Hospitalaria 30, 794–799.Google ScholarPubMed
Fadul-Pacheco, L, Pellerin, D, Chouinard, PY, Wattiaux, MA, Duplessis, M and Charbonneau, É 2017. Nitrogen efficiency of Eastern Canadian dairy herds: impact on production performance and farm profitability. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 6592–6601.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia-Casal, MN, Osorio, C, Landaeta, M, Leets, I, Matus, P, Fazzino, F and Marcos, E 2005. High prevalence of folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiencies in infants, children, adolescents and pregnant women in Venezuela. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59, 1064–1070.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Girard, CL and Matte, JJ 1999. Changes in serum concentrations of folates, pyridoxal, pyridoxal-5-phosphate and vitamin B12 during lactation of dairy cows fed dietary supplements of folic acid. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, 107–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jolliffe, IT 2002. Principal component analysis, 2nd edition. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, USA.Google Scholar
Kaps, M and Lamberson, WR 2017. Biostatistics for animal science, 3rd edition. CAB International, London, UK.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacFarlane, AJ, Greene-Finestone, LS and Shi, Y 2011. Vitamin B12 and homocysteine status in a folate-replete population: results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 94, 1079–1087.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martens, JH, Barg, H, Warren, M and Jahn, D 2002. Microbial production of vitamin B12. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 58, 275–285.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matte, JJ, Guay, F and Girard, CL 2012. Bioavailability of vitamin B12 in cows’ milk. British Journal of Nutrition 107, 61–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDowell, LR. 2000. Vitamins in animal and human nutrition, 2nd edition. Academic Press Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J, Wentworth, J and McCullough, ME 1966. Effects of various factors on vitamin B12 content of cows’ milk. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 14, 218–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Academy of Sciences 1998. Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin and choline. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle, 7th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Rutten, MJM, Bouwman, AC, Sprong, RC, van Arendonk, JAM and Visker, MHPW 2013. Genetic variation in vitamin B12 content of bovine milk and its association with SNP along the bovine genome. PLoS One 8, e62382.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Santschi, DE, Chiquette, J, Berthiaume, R, Martineau, R, Matte, JJ, Mustafa, AF and Girard, CL 2005. Effects of the forage to concentrate ratio on B-vitamin concentrations in different ruminal fractions of dairy cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 85, 389–399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute 2012. User’s guide: statistics. Version 9.4. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.Google Scholar
Sawanon, S, Koike, S and Kobayashi, Y 2011. Evidence for the possible involvement of Selenomonas ruminantium in rumen fiber digestion. FEMS Microbiology Letters 325, 170–179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwab, EC, Schwab, CG, Shaver, RD, Girard, CL, Putnam, DE and Whitehouse, NL 2006. Dietary forage and nonfiber carbohydrate contents influence B-vitamin intake, duodenal flow, and apparent ruminal synthesis in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 174–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seck, M, Linton, JAV, Allen, MS, Castagnino, DS, Chouinard, PY and Girard, CL 2017. Apparent ruminal synthesis of B vitamins in lactating dairy cows fed diets with different forage-to-concentrate ratios. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 1914–1922.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Truswell, AS 2007. Vitamin B12. Nutrition and Dietetics 64, S120–S125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United States Department of Agriculture 2012. National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 28, Basic Report: 01077, Milk, whole, 3.25% milkfat, with added vitamin D Retrieved on 27 November 2015 from http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/list.Google Scholar
Valacta 2016. 50 ans Pour vous et avec vous. L'évolution de la production laitière québécoise 2015. Le producteur de lait québécois. Retrieved on 15 January 2019 from https://fr.calameo.com/read/004393960c242acb49db7.Google Scholar
Vogiatzoglou, A, Smith, AD, Nurk, E, Berstad, P, Drevon, CA, Ueland, PM, Vollset, SE, Tell, GS and Refsum, H 2009. Dietary sources of vitamin B12 and their association with plasma vitamin B12 concentrations in the general population: the Hordaland Homocysteine Study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, 1078–1087.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weimer, PJ 2015. Redundancy, resilience, and host specificity of the ruminal microbiota: implications for engineering improved ruminal fermentations. Frontiers in Microbiology 6, 296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilmink, JBM 1987. Adjustment of test-day milk, fat and protein yield for age, season and stage of lactation. Livestock Production Science 16, 335–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, T, Mayne, CS, Patterson, DC and Agnew, RE 2009. Prediction of body weight and empty body composition using body size measurements in lactating dairy cows. Livestock Science 124, 233–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar