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Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2008

A. Morise ,
I. Louveau  and
I. Le Huërou-Luron
A. Morise
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1079, Systèmes d’Elevage Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint Gilles, France
I. Louveau
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1079, Systèmes d’Elevage Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint Gilles, France
I. Le Huërou-Luron*
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1079, Systèmes d’Elevage Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint Gilles, France
*
E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

With genetic selection, the increase in litter size has led to higher variation in within-litter birth weights in pigs. This has been associated with a reduction in mean birth weights and a rise in the proportion of piglets weighing less than 1 kg at birth. Low birth weight pigs exhibit lower postnatal growth rates and feed efficiency, which may be explained by an inadequate digestion and/or nutrient use as a consequence of prenatal undernutrition. It is now documented that there is a relationship between birth weight and subsequent pattern of growth and development of tissues and organs. During the neonatal period, the rapid somatic growth is accompanied by tremendous anatomical, physiological and chemical composition changes. The present review focuses primarily on the influence of low birth weight on adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract growth and development during the suckling period. The importance of the somatotropic axis, insulin, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, epidermal growth factor and leptin in the regulation of these developmental processes is also considered.

Keywords

adipose tissuebirth weightdigestive tracthormonespigs
Type
Full Paper
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animal , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , January 2008 , pp. 73 - 83
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2008

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