Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T16:09:50.995Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of organic complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn and Zn supplementation during a 45-day preconditioning period on productive and health responses of feeder cattle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2017

K. D. Lippolis ,
R. F. Cooke ,
L. G. T. Silva ,
K. M. Schubach ,
A. P. Brandao ,
R. S. Marques ,
C. K. Larson ,
J. R. Russell ,
S. A. Arispe  and
T. DelCurto
...Show all authors
K. D. Lippolis
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
R. F. Cooke*
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
L. G. T. Silva
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil
K. M. Schubach
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
A. P. Brandao
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil
R. S. Marques
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
C. K. Larson
Affiliation:
Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, USA
J. R. Russell
Affiliation:
Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, USA
S. A. Arispe
Affiliation:
Malheur County Extension Office, Oregon State University, Ontario, OR 97914, USA
T. DelCurto
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Union, OR 97883, USA
D. W. Bohnert
Affiliation:
Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR 97720, USA
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

This experiment evaluated production and health parameters among cattle offered concentrates containing inorganic or organic complexed sources of supplemental Cu, Co, Mn and Zn during a 45-day preconditioning period. In total, 90 Angus×Hereford calves were weaned at 7 months (day −1), sorted by sex, weaning BW and age (261±2 kg; 224±2 days), and allocated to 18 drylot pens (one heifer and four steers per pen) on day 0; thus, all pens had equivalent initial BW and age. Pens were randomly assigned to receive a corn-based preconditioning concentrate containing: (1) Cu, Co, Mn and Zn sulfate sources (INR), (2) Cu, Mn, Co and Zn complexed organic source (AAC) or (3) no Cu, Co, Mn and Zn supplementation (CON). From day 0 to 45, cattle received concentrate treatments (2.7 kg/animal daily, as-fed basis) and had free-choice access to orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), long-stem hay and water. The INR and AAC treatments were formulated to provide the same daily amount of Co, Cu, Mn and Zn at a 50-, 16-, 8- and ninefold increase, respectively, compared with the CON treatment. On day 46, cattle were transported to a commercial feedlot, maintained as a single pen, and offered a free-choice receiving diet until day 103. Calf full BW was recorded on days −1 and 0, 45 and 46, and 102 and 103 for average daily gain (ADG) calculation. Liver biopsy was performed on days 0 (used as covariate), 22 and 45. Cattle were vaccinated against respiratory pathogens on days 15, 29 and 46. Blood samples were collected on days 15, 29, 45, 47, 49, 53 and 60. During preconditioning, mean liver concentrations of Co, Zn and Cu were greater (P⩽0.03) in AAC and INR compared with CON. No treatment effects were detected (P⩾0.17) for preconditioning feed intake, ADG or feed efficiency. No treatment effects were detected (P⩾0.48) for plasma concentrations of antibodies against Mannheimia haemolytica, bovine viral diarrhea types 1 and 2 viruses. Plasma haptoglobin concentrations were similar among treatments (P=0.98). Mean plasma cortisol concentration was greater (P⩽0.04) in CON compared with INR and AAC. No treatment effects were detected (P⩾0.37) for cattle ADG during feedlot receiving. Hence, INR and AAC increased liver concentrations of Co, Zn and Cu through preconditioning, but did not impact cattle performance and immunity responses during preconditioning and feedlot receiving.

Keywords

beef cattlefeedlot receivingpreconditioningperformancetrace minerals
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 11 , Issue 11 , November 2017 , pp. 1949 - 1956
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahola, JK, Baker, DS, Burns, PD, Mortimer, RG, Enns, RM, Whittier, JC, Geary, TW and Engle, TE 2004. Effect of copper, zinc, and manganese supplementation and source on reproduction, mineral status, and performance in grazing beef cattle over a two-year period. Journal of Animal Science 82, 2375–2383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akins, MS, Bertics, SJ, Socha, MT and Shaver, RD 2013. Effects of cobalt supplementation and vitamin B12 injections on lactation performance and metabolism of Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 96, 1755–1768.Google Scholar
Arthington, JD, Cooke, RF, Maddock, TD, Araujo, DB, Moriel, P, DiLorenzo, N and Lamb, GC 2013. Effects of vaccination on the acute-phase protein response and measures of performance in growing beef calves. Journal of Animal Science 91, 1831–1837.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arthington, JD, Qiu, X, Cooke, RF, Vendramini, JMB, Araujo, DB, Chase, CC Jr. and Coleman, SW 2008. Effects of pre-shipping management on measures of stress and performance of beef steers during a feedlot receiving period. Journal of Animal Science 86, 2016–2023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arthington, JD and Swenson, CK 2004. Effects of trace mineral source and feeding method on the productivity of grazing Braford cows. The Professional Animal Scientist 20, 155–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists 2006. Official Methods of Analysis, 18th edition. AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Berry, BA, Confer, AW, Krehbiel, CR, Gill, DR, Smith, RA and Montelongo, M 2004. Effects of dietary energy and starch concentrations for newly received feedlot calves: II. Acute-phase protein response. Journal of Animal Science 82, 845–850.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Callan, RJ 2001. Fundamental considerations in developing vaccination protocols. The Bovine Practitioner 34, 14–22.Google Scholar
Carroll, JA and Forsberg, NE 2007. Influence of stress and nutrition on cattle immunity. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 23, 105–149.Google ScholarPubMed
Confer, AW, Nutt, SH, Dabo, SM, Panciera, RJ and Murphy, GL 1996. Antibody responses to outer membrane proteins of Pasteurella haemolytica A:3. American Journal of Veterinary Research 57, 1452–1457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooke, RF and Arthington, JD 2013. Concentrations of haptoglobin in bovine plasma determined by ELISA or a colorimetric method based on peroxidase activity: methods to determine haptoglobin in bovine plasma. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 97, 531–536.Google Scholar
Cooke, RF, Bohnert, DW, Moriel, P, Hess, BW and Mills, RR 2011. Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on forage digestibility, performance, and physiological responses of feeder cattle. Journal of Animal Science 89, 3677–3689.Google Scholar
Cooke, RF, Carroll, JA, Dailey, J, Cappellozza, BI and Bohnert, DW 2012. Bovine acute-phase response following different doses of corticotrophin-release hormone challenge. Journal of Animal Science 90, 2337–2344.Google Scholar
Cooke, RF, Guarnieri Filho, TA, Cappellozza, BI and Bohnert, DW 2013. Rest stops during road transport: impacts on performance and acute-phase protein responses of feeder cattle. Journal of Animal Science 91, 5448–5454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dorton, KL, Engle, TE and Enns, RM 2006. Effects of trace mineral supplementation and source, 30 days post-weaning and 28 days post receiving, on performance and health of feeder cattle. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 19, 1450–1454.Google Scholar
Duff, GC and Galyean, ML 2007. Board-invited review: recent advances in management of highly stressed, newly received feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science 85, 823–840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Faber, R, Hartwig, N, Busby, WD and Bredahl, R 1999. The costs and predictive factors of bovine respiratory disease in standardized steer tests. A.S. Leaflet R1648. Beef Research Report, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.Google Scholar
George, MH, Nockels, CG, Stanton, TL and Johnson, B 1997. Effect of source and amount of zinc, copper manganese, and cobalt fed to stressed heifers on feedlot performance and immune function. The Professional Animal Scientist 13, 84–89.Google Scholar
Gonda, MG, Fang, X, Perry, GA and Maltecca, C 2012. Measuring bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccine response: using a commercially available ELISA as a surrogate for serum neutralization assays. Vaccine 30, 6559–6563.Google Scholar
Kincaid, RL 2000. Assessment of trace mineral status of ruminants: a review. Journal of Animal Science 77 (E. suppl.), 1–10.Google Scholar
Marques, RS, Cooke, RF, Rodrigues, MC, Cappellozza, BI, Larson, CK, Moriel, P and Bohnert, DW 2016. Effects of organic or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn supplementation to late-gestating beef cows on productive and physiological responses of the offspring. Journal of Animal Science 94, 1215–1226.Google Scholar
McDowell, LR 2003. Minerals in animal and human nutrition, 2nd edition. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
National Research Council 2000. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle, 7th edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Pritchard, RH and Mendez, JK 1990. Effects of preconditioning on pre- and post-shipment performance of feeder calves. Journal of Animal Science 68, 28–34.Google Scholar
Roeber, DL, Speer, NC, Gentry, JG, Tatum, JD, Smith, CD, Whittier, JC, Jones, GF, Belk, KE and Smith, GC 2001. Feeder cattle health management: effects on morbidity rates, feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and beef palatability. Professional Animal Scientist 17, 39–44.Google Scholar
Sirois, PK, Reuter, MJ, Laughlin, CM and Lockwood, PJ 1991. A method for determining macro and micro elements in forages and feeds by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Spectroscopist 3, 6–9.Google Scholar
Snowder, GD, Van Vleck, LD, Cundiff, LV and Bennett, GL 2006. Bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle: environmental, genetic, and economic factors. Journal of Animal Science 84, 1999–2008.Google Scholar
Spears, JW 1996. Organic trace minerals in ruminant nutrition. Animal Feed Science and Technology 58, 151–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spears, JW 2000. Micronutrients and immune function in cattle. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 59, 587–594.Google Scholar
Stanton, TL, Whittier, JC, Geary, TW, Kimberling, CV and Johnson, AB 2000. Effects of trace mineral supplementation on cow-calf performance, reproduction, and immune function. Professional Animal Scientist 16, 121–127.Google Scholar
Step, DL, Krehbiel, CR, DePra, HA, Cranston, JK, Fulton, RW, Kirkpatrick, JG, Gill, DR, Payton, ME, Montelongo, MA and Confer, AW 2008. Effects of commingling beef calves from different sources and weaning protocols during a forty-two-day receiving period on performance and bovine respiratory disease. Journal of Animal Science 86, 3146–3158.Google Scholar
Underwood, EJ and Suttle, NF 1999. The mineral nutrition of livestock, 3rd edition. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to nutrition animal. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.Google Scholar
Wilson, BK, Step, DL, Maxwell, CL, Wagner, JJ, Richards, CJ and Krehbiel, CR 2015. Evaluation of multiple ancillary therapies used in combination with an antimicrobial in newly received high-risk calves treated for bovine respiratory disease. Journal of Animal Science 93, 3661–3674.Google Scholar