Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T22:44:58.376Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of replacing ground corn and soybean meal with licuri cake on the performance, digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and ingestive behavior in lactating dairy cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 May 2017

A. C. Ferreira ,
J. F. Vieira ,
A. M. Barbosa ,
T. M. Silva ,
L. R. Bezerra ,
N. G. Nascimento jr ,
J. E. de Freitas jr ,
S. M. P. L. Jaeger ,
P. de. A. Oliveira  and
R. L. Oliveira
A. C. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
J. F. Vieira
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
A. M. Barbosa
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
T. M. Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
L. R. Bezerra
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Rodovia Bom Jesus-Viana, km 135, Bom Jesus, Piaui 64900000, Brazil
N. G. Nascimento jr
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
J. E. de Freitas jr
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
S. M. P. L. Jaeger
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia Reconcavo, Cruz das Almas, Bahia 44380000, Brazil
P. de. A. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
R. L. Oliveira*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, Salvador, Bahia 40170110, Brazil
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Licuri (Syagrus coronate) cake is a biodiesel by-product used in ruminant feed as a beneficial energy source for supplementation in managed pastures. The objective was to evaluate the performance, digestibility, nitrogen balance, blood metabolites, ingestive behavior and diet profitability of eight crossbred Holstein (3/4)×Gyr (5/8) multiparous cows (480±25 kg BW and 100 days milking) grazing and supplemented with licuri cake partially replacing ground corn and soybean meal in concentrate (0, 200, 400 and 600 g/kg in dry matter (DM)), distributed in an experimental duplicated 4×4 Latin square design. Licuri cake partially replacing ground corn and soybean meal increased (P<0.01) the intake and digestibility of ether extract and decreased the non-fiber carbohydrates; however, there were no influences on the intakes of DM, CP, NDF and total digestible nutrients (TDN). The digestibilities of DM, CP and NDF were not influenced by licuri cake addition. There was a decrease trend on TDN digestibility (P=0.08). Licuri cake replacing ground corn and soybean meal in concentrate did not affect the intake; fecal, urinary and mammary excretions; N balance; and triglycerides concentrations. However, the blood urea nitrogen (P=0.04) concentration decreased with the licuri cakes inclusion in cow supplementation. There was an increasing trend for serum creatinine (P=0.07). Licuri cake inclusion did not affect body condition score, production, yield, protein, lactose, total solids and solid non-fat contents of milk and Minas frescal cheese. There was a linear decrease in average daily weight gain (g/day). The milk fat concentration and cheese fat production (P<0.1) presented a linear increase with partial replacement of ground corn and soybean meal with licuri cakes. The addition of licuri cake did not alter the time spent feeding, ruminating or idling. There was an increasing trend in NDF feeding efficiency (P=0.09). The replacing of ground corn and soybean meal with licuri cake up to 600 g/kg decreased the concentrate cost by US$0.45/cow per day. Licuri cake replacing corn and soybeans (400 g/kg) in concentrate promoted a profit of US$0.07/animal per day. Licuri cake is indicated to concentrate the supplementation of dairy cows with average productions of 10 kg/day at levels up to 400 g/kg in the concentrate supplement because it provides an additional profit of US$0.07/animal per day and increased milk and Minas frescal cheese fat without negative effects on productive parameters.

Keywords

by-productscheeseintakemilkSyagrus coronata
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 11 , Issue 11 , November 2017 , pp. 1957 - 1965
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 1990. Official methods of analysis, 12th edition. AOAC, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 2000. Official methods of analysis, volume 2, 17th edition. AOAC, Gaithersburg, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Berchielli, TT, Oliveira, SG de, Carrilho, ENVM, Feitosa, JV and Lopes, AD 2005. Comparison of markers used to estimate fecal production and digesta flow of cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 34, 987–996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bezerra, LR, Gonzaga Neto, S, Medeiros, AN, Mariz, TMA, Oliveira, RL, Cândido, EP and Silva, AMA 2013. Feed restriction followed by realimentation in prepubescent Zebu females. Tropical Animal Health and Production 45, 1161–1169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borja, MS, Oliveira, RL, Bagaldo, AR, Pereira, MLA, Portela, RW, Barbosa, AM, Ribeiro, CVDM and Carvalho, GGP 2014. Microbial protein and blood parameters of goats fed with licury cake. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 35, 519–530.Google Scholar
Brasil Métodos analíticos oficias físico-químicos para controle de leite e produtos lácteos. Instrução Normativa n°22 publicada no DOU de 02/05/2003, Brasília, DF.Google Scholar
Bürger, PJ, Pereira, JC, Queiroz, AC, Silva, JFC, Valadares Filho, SC, Cecon, PR and Casali, ADP 2000. Ingestive behavior in Holstein calves fed diets with different concentrate levels. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 29, 236–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cochran, RC, Adams, DC, Wallace, JD and Galyean, ML 1986. Predicting digestibility of different diets with internal markers: evaluation of four potential markers. Journal of Animal Science 63, 1476–1483.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, JB, Oliveira, RL, Silva, TM, Ribeiro, RDX, Silva, AM, Leão, AG, Bezerra, LR and Rocha, TC 2016. Intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, performance, and carcass yield of lambs fed licuri cake. Journal of Animal Science 94, 2973–2980.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edmonson, AJ, Lean, IJ and Weaver, LD 1989. Body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 72, 68–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaines, WL 1928. The energy basis of measuring milk yield in dairy cows. Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 308, 40p.Google Scholar
Gonzaga Neto, S, Oliveira, RL, Lima, FHS, Medeiros, AN, Bezerra, LR, Viegas, J, Nascimento, NG Jr and Freitas Neto, MD 2015. Milk production, intake, digestion, blood parameters, and ingestive behavior of cows supplemented with by-products from the biodiesel industry. Tropical Animal Health and Production 47, 191–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gouvêa, AA de, Oliveira, RL, Leão, AG, Assis, DY, Bezerra, LR, Nascimento Júnior, NG, Trajano, JS and Pereira, ES 2016. Color, sensory and physicochemical attributes of beef burger made using meat from young bulls fed levels of licuri cake. Journal of Science Food Agriculture 96, 3668–3672.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, MB 2000. Calculation of non-structural carbohydrate content of feeds that contain non-protein nitrogen. A-25 (Bulletin 339). University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.Google Scholar
Hodgson, J, Matthews, PNP, Matthew, C and Harrington, KC 2000. Pasture measurement. In New Zeland: pasture and crop science (ed. J Hodgson and J White), pp. 59–66. Oxford University Press, Auckland, New Zeland.Google Scholar
International Dairy Federation 1995. Enumeration of somatic cells. Brussels: IDF (FIL-IDF Standard no. 148A).Google Scholar
Johnson, TR and Combs, DK 1991. Effects of prepartum diet, inert rumen bulk, and dietary polythylene glicol on dry matter intake of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 933–944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimura, FT and Miller, VL 1952. Chromic oxide measurement: improved determination of chromic oxide in cow feed and feces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 11, 633–635.Google Scholar
Licitra, G, Hernandez, TM and Van Soest, PJ 1996. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology 57, 347–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lima, LS, Oliveira, RL, Garcez Neto, AF, Bagaldo, AR, Abreu, CL, Silva, TM, Carvalho, ST and Bezerra, LR 2015. Licury oil supplements for lactating cows on pasture. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 95, 617–624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, P 1993. Evaluation of foods (D) protein. In Animal nutrition (ed. P McDonald, R Edwards and JFD Greenhalgh), pp. 29–57. Acríbia, Zaragoza, España.Google Scholar
National Research Council (NRC) 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle, 7th revised edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Oliveira, RL, Faria, MM, Silva, R, Bezerra, LR, Carvalho, GGP, Pinheiro, A, Simionato, J and Leão, AG 2015. Fatty acid profile of milk and cheese from dairy cows supplemented a diet with palm kernel cake. Molecules 20, 15434–15448.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oliveira, RL, Neto, SG, de Lima, FHS, de Medeiros, AN, Bezerra, LR, Pereira, ES, Bagaldo, AR, de Pellegrini, CB and Correia, BR 2016. Composition and fatty acid profile of milk from cows supplemented with pressed oilseed cake. Animal Science Journal 87, 1225–1232.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palmquist, DL and Moser, E 1981. A dietary fat effects on blood insulin, glucose utilization, and milk protein content of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 64, 1664–1670.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pereira, ES, Pereira, MWF, Arruda, PCL, Cabral, LS, Oliveira, RL, Mizubuti, IY, Pinto, AP, Campos, ACN, Gadelha, CRF and Carneiro, MSS 2016. Effects of different lipid sources on intake, digestibility and purine derivatives in hair lambs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 100, 723–730.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silva, FT 2005. Minas frescal cheese, 1st edition. p. 50. Embrapa. Informação Tecnológica, Brasília, DF, Brazil.Google Scholar
Silva, TM, Medeiros, AN, Oliveira, RL, Gonzaga Neto, S, Queiroga R de CR do, E, Ribeiro, RDX, Leão, AG and Bezerra, LR 2016a. Carcass traits and meat quality of crossbred Boer goats fed peanut cake as a substitute for soybean meal. Journal of Animal Science 94, 2992–3002.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silva, TM, Oliveira, RL, Nascimento, NG Jr, Pellegrini, CB, Trajano, JS, Rocha, TC, Bezerra, LR and Borja, MS 2016b. Ingestive behavior and physiological parameters of goats fed diets containing peanut cake from biodiesel. Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, 59–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sklan, DA, Ashkenazi, R, Braun, A, Devorin, A and Tabori, K 1992. Fatty acids, calcium soaps of fatty acids and cottonseeds fed to high yielding cows. Journal of Dairy Science 75, 2463–2472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sniffen, CJ, O’Connor, JD, Van Soest, PJ, Fox, DG and Russell, JB 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluation of cattle diets. II Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science 70, 3562–3577.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stoffel, CM, Crump, PM and Armentano, LE 2015. Effect of dietary fatty acid supplements, varying in fatty acid composition, on milk fat secretion in dairy cattle fed diets supplemented to less than 3% total fatty acids. Journal of Dairy Science 98, 431–442.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valadares, RFD, Broderick, GA, Valadares Filho, SC and Clayton, MK 1999. Effect of replacing alfalfa with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives. Journal of Dairy Science 82, 2686–2696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 4, 3583–3597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willians, CH, David, DJ and Iilma, O 1962. The determination of cromic oxide in faeces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Journal of Agriculture Science 59, 381–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar