Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T01:41:29.676Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of gut active carbohydrates on plasma IgG concentrations in piglets and calves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2010

M. Lazarevic ,
P. Spring ,
M. Shabanovic ,
V. Tokic  and
L. A. Tucker
M. Lazarevic*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, 11 000 Beograd, Serbia
P. Spring
Affiliation:
Swiss College of Agriculture SHL, University of Applied Sciences, Langgasse 85, 3052 Zollikofen, Switzerland
M. Shabanovic
Affiliation:
Veterinary Faculty, Department of Reproduction, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 90, 71 000 Sarajevo, Federation BH
V. Tokic
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Kralja Petra I, 35 210 Svilajnac, Serbia
L. A. Tucker
Affiliation:
Waiti Hill Ltd, PO Box 307, Feilding 4777, New Zealand
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Improving immune status in neonates is crucial to health and production. Gut active carbohydrates (GAC) have been associated with increasing immunoglobin levels and immonucompetence development in mammals. The objective of the following studies was to evaluate whether GAC (mannan-oligosaccharides) applied orally to progeny immediately following parturition, improved blood plasma immunoglobulin (Ig) type G concentrations in piglets and calves. Three trials were conducted comparing control groups with those receiving GAC orally. The first two trials used piglets that were monitored for blood IgG at 2 days of age and for changes in body weight (BW), and the third trial monitored calf IgG from birth to 21 days of age. Piglets in the experimental group received 0.75 g GAC in 10 ml saline at birth and 24 h of age. The calf trial compared the control group against calves that received 22.5 g GAC mixed into 4.5 l of colostrum (to give 5 g/l) in the first 24 h after parturition. Blood serum samples were taken at 2 days post partum in piglets, and at several time points from 6 h to 21 days of age in calves, and were analysed for IgG levels by radial immunodiffusion. In the first piglet trial, significantly higher levels (32%) of IgG were observed for piglets fed GAC (P < 0.001), and in the second, IgG concentration was elevated by 23% (P < 0.01) and BW increased by 9% (P = 0.023) with GAC supplementation. Significant improvements for calves were recorded at all time points in those fed GAC (P < 0.05), with an increase in serum IgG observed after the first day, which was maintained throughout the sampling period, resulting in a difference of 39% at the end of the trial (21 d). These findings form a basis for further studies, which are required to investigate possible modes of action involved in enhancing blood immunoglobulin concentrations in young animals, and the longer-term effects this may have on the development of the immune response.

Keywords

immunitymannan-oligosaccharideIgGpigletcalf
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 4 , Issue 6 , June 2010 , pp. 938 - 943
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alimentation Équilibrée de Commentry (AEC) 1993. AEC tables – recommendations for animal nutrition. Rhone-Poulenc animal nutrition, Commentry, France.Google Scholar
Brandtzaeg, P 2002. Role of local immunity and breast-feeding in mucosal homeostasis and defence against infections. In Nutrition and immune function (ed. PC Calder, CJ Field and HS Gill), pp. 273–320. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, JE 1979. Immunologic aspects of breast-feeding; anti-infectious activity of breast milk. Seminars in Perinatology 3, 255–270.Google ScholarPubMed
Darragh, AJ, Moughan, PJ 1998. The composition of colostrum and milk. In The lactating sow (ed. MWA Verstegen, PJ Moughan and JW Schrama), pp. S3–S21. Wageningen Academic Press, Wageningen, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Devereux, G 2002. The immune system. In Nutrition and immune function (ed. PC Calder, CJ Field and HS Gill), pp. 1–10. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
Disney, MD, Seeberger, PD 2004. The use of carbohydrate microarrays to study carbohydrate-cell interactions and to detect pathogens. Chemistry and Biology 11, 1701–1707.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ewing, WN, Cole, DJA 1994. The living gut. Context Publications, Dungannon, Northern Ireland.Google Scholar
Fahmy, MH 1972. Comparative study of colostrum and milk composition of seven breeds of swine. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 52, 621–627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fioramonti, J, Theodoru, V, Bueno, L 2003. Priobiotics: what are they? What are their effects on gut physiology? Best Practice and Research Clinical Gastroenterology 17, 711–724.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franklin, ST, Newman, MC, Newman, KE, Meek, KI 2005. Immune parameters of dry cows fed mannan oligosaccharide and subsequent transfer of immunity to calves. Journal of Dairy Science 88, 766–775.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gooneratne, AD, Hartmann, PE, Nottage, HM 1982. The initiation of lactation in sows and the mastitis-metritis-agalactia syndrome. Animal Reproduction Science 5, 135–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Göransson, L 1990. The effect of late pregnancy feed allowance on the composition of the sow’s colostrum and milk. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 31, 109–115.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hengartner, B, Henggeler, M, Kohler, S, Spring, P 2005. Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on plasma IgG concentrations in piglets. Proceedings of Antimicrobial Growth Promoters: Worldwide Ban on the Horizon, Noordwijk aan Zee, The Netherlands, p. 101.Google Scholar
Hooge, DM 2004a. Meta-analysis of broiler chicken pen trials evaluating dietary mannan oligosaccharide, 1993–2003. International Journal of Poultry Science 3, 163–174.Google Scholar
Hooge, DM 2004b. Turkey pen trials with dietary mannan oligosaccharide: meta-analysis, 1993–2003. International Journal of Poultry Science 3, 179–188.Google Scholar
Hooge, DM, Sims, MD, Sefton, AE, Connolly, A, Spring, P 2003. Effect of dietary mannan-oligosaccharide with or without bacitracin or virginiamycin on live performance of broiler chickens at relatively high stocking density on new litter. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12, 461–467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, KW 1985. Immunological consequences of changing environmental stimuli. In Animal stress (ed. GP Moberg), pp. 193–224. American Physiological Society, Bethesda, MD, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, D 2004. Regulation of gut function and immunity. In Interfacing immunity, gut health and performance (ed. LA Tucker and JA Taylor-Pickard), pp. 93–105. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.Google Scholar
Klaver, J, van Kempen, GJM, de Lange, PGB, Verstegen, MWA, Boer, H 1981. Milk composition and daily yield of different milk components as affected by sow condition and lactation/feeding regimen. Journal of Animal Science 52, 1091–1097.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klobasa, F, Werhan, E, Butler, JE 1981. Regulation of humoral immunity in the piglet by immunoglobulins of maternal original. Research in Veterinary Science 31, 195–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarevic, M 2005. Mannan oligosaccharide enhances absorption of colostral Ig in newborn calves and piglets. In Proceedings of the 56th Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production, Uppsala, Sweden (ed. Y van der Honing), p. 153. Wageningen Academic Press, Wageningen, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Martin, M, Tesaro, MA, Gonzalez-Ramon, N, Pineiro, A, Lampreave, F 2005. Major plasma proteins in pig serum during post natal development. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, 439–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Migdal, W 1991. Chemical composition of colostrum and milk in sows fed diets supplemented with animal fat. World Review of Animal Production 26, 11–15.Google Scholar
Miguel, JC, Rodriguez-Zas, SL, Pettigrew, JE 2002. Practical responses to Bio-GAC in nursery pigs: a meta-analyses. In Nutritional biotechnology in the feed and food industries (ed. TP Lyons and KA Jacques), pp. 425–433. Nottingham University Press, UK.Google Scholar
Noblet, J, Etienne, M 1986. Effect of energy level in lactating sows on yield and composition of milk and nutrient balance of piglets. Journal of Animal Science 63, 1888–1896.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Research Council (NRC) 2001. Nutrient requirement for dairy cattle, 7th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Ott, EA 2005. Influence of Bio-GAC on immune system of the mare and neonatal foal. In Proceedings of Alltech’s 21st Annual Symposium (ed. TP Lyons and KA Jacques), pp. 213–220. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.Google Scholar
O’Quinn, PR, Funderburke, DW, Tibbetts, GW 2001. Effects of dietary supplementation with mannan oligosaccharides on sow and litter performance in commercial production systems. Journal of Animal Science 79 (Suppl. 1), 212 (abstract).Google Scholar
Rozeboom, DW, Shaw, DT, Tempelman, RJ, Miguel, JC, Pettigrew, JE, Connolly, A 2005. Effects of mannan-oligosaccharide and an antimicrobial product in nursery diets on performance of pigs reared on three different farms. Journal of Animal Science 83, 2637–2644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sims, MD, Dawson, KA, Newman, KE, Spring, P, Hooge, DM 2004. Effects of dietary mannan-oligosaccharide, bacitracin methylene disalicylate or both on the live performance and intestinal microbiology of turkeys. Poultry Science 83, 1148–1154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spring, P 2004. Impact of mannan oligosaccharide on gut health and pig performance. In Interfacing immunity, gut health and performance (ed. LA Tucker and JA Taylor-Pickard), pp. 93–105. Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, UK.Google Scholar
Spring, P, Wenk, C, Dawson, KA, Newman, KE 2000. The effects of dietary mannan-oligosaccharides on caecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the caeca of salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poultry Science 79, 205–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zou, S, McLaren, DG, Hurley, WL 1992. Pig colostrum and milk composition: comparisons between Chinese Meishan and US breeds. Livestock Production Science 30, 115–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar