Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T02:44:03.698Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Digestion of fatty acids in ruminants: a meta-analysis of flows and variation factors: 2. C18 fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2008

F. Glasser ,
P. Schmidely ,
D. Sauvant  and
M. Doreau
F. Glasser*
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
P. Schmidely
Affiliation:
INAPG-INRA, UMR791 Physiologie de la nutrition et alimentation, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris, France
D. Sauvant
Affiliation:
INAPG-INRA, UMR791 Physiologie de la nutrition et alimentation, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris, France
M. Doreau
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
*
E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

In ruminants, dietary lipids are extensively hydrogenated by rumen micro-organisms, and the extent of this biohydrogenation is a major determinant of long-chain fatty acid profiles of animal products (milk, meat). This paper reports on the duodenal flows of C18 fatty acids and their absorption in the small intestine, using a meta-analysis of a database of 77 experiments (294 treatments). We established equations for the prediction of duodenal flows of various 18-carbon (C18) fatty acids as a function of the intakes of their precursors and other dietary factors (source and/or technological treatment of dietary lipids). We also quantified the influence of several factors modifying rumen metabolism (pH, forage : concentrate ratio, level of intake, fish oil supplementation). We established equations for the apparent absorption of these fatty acids in the small intestine as a function of their duodenal flows. For all C18 unsaturated fatty acids, apparent absorption was a linear function of duodenal flow. For 18:0, apparent absorption levelled off for high duodenal flows. From this database, with fatty acid flows expressed in g/kg dry matter intake, we could not find any significant differences between animal categories (lactating cows, other cattle or sheep) in terms of rumen metabolism or intestinal absorption of C18 fatty acids.

Keywords

digestionfatty acidsmeta-analysisrumensmall intestine
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 2 , Issue 5 , May 2008 , pp. 691 - 704
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

AbuGhazaleh, AA, Jenkins, TC 2004. Disappearance of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids from cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms. Journal of Dairy Science 87, 645.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
AbuGhazaleh, AA, Riley, MB, Thies, EE, Jenkins, TC 2005. Dilution rate and pH effects on the conversion of oleic acid to trans C18:1 positional isomers in continuous culture. Journal of Dairy Science 88, 4334–4341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aldrich, CG, Merchen, NR, Drackley, JK, Gonzalez, SS, Fahey, JGC, Berger, LL 1997. The effects of chemical treatment of whole canola seed on lipid and protein digestion by steers. Journal of Animal Science 75, 502–511.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bandara ABPA 1997. Modifying fatty acid composition of bovine milk by abomasal infusion or dietary supplementation of seed oils or fish oil. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.Google Scholar
Baumgard, LH, Corl, BA, Dwyer, DA, Saebo, A, Bauman, DE 2000. Identification of the conjugated linoleic acid isomer that inhibits milk fat synthesis. American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 278, R179–R184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bernard, A, Echinard, B, Carlier, H 1987. Differential intestinal absorption of two fatty acid isomers: elaidic and oleic acids. American Journal of Physiology 253, G751–G759.Google ScholarPubMed
Bickerstaffe, R, Noakes, DE, Annison, EF 1972. Quantitative aspects of fatty acid biohydrogenation, absorption and transfer into milk fat in the lactating goat, with special reference to the cis- and trans-isomers of octadecenoate and linoleate. Biochemical Journal 130, 607–617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borsting, CF, Weisbjerg, MR, Hvelplund, T 1992. Fatty acid digestibility in lactating cows fed increasing amounts of protected vegetable oil, fish oil or saturated fat. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica. Section A, Animal Science 42, 148–156.Google Scholar
Brink, EJ, Haddeman, E, de Fouw, NJ, Weststrate, JA 1995. Positional distribution of stearic acid and oleic acid in a triacylglycerol and dietary calcium concentration determines the apparent absorption of these fatty acids in rats. Journal of Nutrition 125, 2379–2387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlier, H, Bernard, A, Caselli, C 1991. Digestion and absorption of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 31, 475–500.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, JH-P, Sturdivant, CA, Greene, LW, Lunt, DK, Smith, SB 1991. Fatty acid absorption of cattle fed diets containing high-oleate sunflower seed. Journal of Animal Science 69, 547–548.Google Scholar
Chelikani, PK, Bell, JA, Kennelly, JJ 2004. Effects of feeding or abomasal infusion of canola oil in Holstein cows 1. Nutrient digestion and milk composition. Journal of Dairy Research 71, 279–287.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chikunya, S, Demirel, G, Enser, M, Wood, JD, Wilkinson, RG, Sinclair, LA 2004. Biohydrogenation of dietary n-3 PUFA and stability of ingested vitamin E in the rumen, and their effects on microbial activity in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 91, 539–550.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y, Bauchart, D, Gagliostro, G, Ollier, A, Vermorel, M 1991. Duodenal rapeseed oil infusion in early and midlactation cows. 1. Intestinal apparent digestibility of fatty acids and lipids. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 490–498.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chow, TT, Fievez, V, Moloney, AP, Raes, K, Demeyer, D, De Smet, S 2004. Effect of fish oil on in vitro rumen lipolysis, apparent biohydrogenation of linoleic and linolenic acid and accumulation of biohydrogenation intermediates. Animal Feed Science and Technology 117, 1–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demeyer, DI, Van Nevel, CJ 1995. Transformations and effects of lipids in the rumen: three decades of research at Gent University. Archives of Animal Nutrition 48, 119–134.Google ScholarPubMed
Dewhurst, RJ, Evans, RT, Scollan, ND, Moorby, JM, Merry, RJ, Wilkins, RJ 2003. Comparison of grass and legume silages for milk production. 2. In vivo and in sacco evaluations of rumen function. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 2612–2621.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M 1992. Effects of supplementation with hydrogenated fish fat on digestion in dairy cows. Annales de Zootechnie 41, 137–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doreau, M, Ferlay, A 1994. Digestion and utilisation of fatty acids by ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 45, 379–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doreau, M, Ueda, K, Poncet, C 2003. Fatty acid ruminal metabolism and intestinal digestibility in sheep fed ryegrass silage and hay. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 3, 289–293.Google Scholar
Elliott, JP, Drackley, JK, Beaulieu, AD, Aldrich, CG, Merchen, NR 1999. Effects of saturation and esterification of fat sources on site and extent of digestion in steers: digestion of fatty acids, triglycerides, and energy. Journal of Animal Science 77, 1919–1929.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Faruque, AJMO, Jarvis, BDW, Hawke, JC 1974. Studies on rumen metabolism. VIII. Characteristics of lipases in rumen contents and rumen bacteria. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 25, 439–449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fouw, NJD, Kivits, GAA, Quinlan, PT, Nielen, WGLv 1994. Absorption of isomeric, palmitic acid-containing triacylglycerols resembling human milk fat in the adult rat. Lipids 29, 765–770.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gerson, T, John, A, King, ASD 1985. The effects of dietary starch and fibre on the in vitro rates of lipolysis and hydrogenation by sheep rumen digesta. Journal of Agricultural Science 105, 27–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, JA 1998. Fatty acid transport: difficult or easy? Journal of Lipid Research 39, 467–481.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harfoot, CG, Hazlewood, GP 1997. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In The rumen microbial ecosystem (ed. PN Hobson and CS Stewart), pp. 382–426. Blackie Academic & Professional, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvatine, KJ, Allen, MS 2004. Kinetic model of rumen biohydrogenation: fractional rates of fatty acid biohydrogenation and passage. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 13, 87–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvatine, DI, Firkins, JL, Eastridge, ML 2002. Whole linted cottonseed as a forage substitute fed with ground or steam-flaked corn: digestibility and performance. Journal of Dairy Science 85, 1976–1987.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hazlewood, GP, Kemp, P, Lander, DJ, Dawson, RMC 1976. C18 unsaturated fatty acid hydrogenation patterns of some rumen bacteria and their ability to hydrolyze exogenous phospholipids. British Journal of Nutrition 35, 293–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henderson, C 1971. A study of the lipase produced by Anaerovibrio lipolytica, a rumen bacterium. Journal of General Microbiology 65, 81–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hogan, JP, Connell, PJ, Mills, SC 1972. The digestion of safflower oil-casein particles protected against ruminal hydrogenation in sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 23, 87–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, TC, Jenny, BF 1992. Nutrient digestion and lactation performance of dairy cows fed combinations of prilled fat and canola oil. Journal of Dairy Science 75, 796–803.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jouany, JP, Lassalas, B, Doreau, M, Glasser, F 2007. Dynamic features of the rumen metabolism of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and linseed oil measured in vitro. Lipids 42, 351–360.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kalscheur, KF, Teter, BB, Piperova, LS, Erdman, RA 1997. Effect of dietary forage concentration and buffer addition on duodenal flow of trans-C18:1 fatty acids and milk fat production in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 80, 2104–2114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kemp, P, Lander, DJ 1984. Hydrogenation in vitro of alpha-linolenic acid to stearic acid by mixed cultures of pure strains of rumen bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 130, 527–533.Google Scholar
Kepler, C, Tove, CB 1967. Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. III. Purification and properties of a linoleate delta12-cis, delta11-trans-isomerase from Butyvibrio fibrisolvens. Journal of Biological Chemistry 242, 5686–5692.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, JKG, Cruz-Hernandez, C, Zhou, J 2001. Conjugated linoleic acids and octadecenoic acids: analysis by GC. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 103, 600–609.3.0.CO;2-7>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kucuk, O, Hess, BW, Rule, DC 2004. Soybean oil supplementation of a high-concentrate diet does not affect site and extent of organic matter, starch, neutral detergent fiber, or nitrogen digestion, but influences both ruminal metabolism and intestinal flow of fatty acids in limit-fed lambs. Journal of Animal Science 82, 2985–2994.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kucuk, O, Hess, BW, Ludden, PA, Rule, DC 2001. Effect of forage : concentrate ratio on ruminal digestion and duodenal flow of fatty acids in ewes. Journal of Animal Science 79, 2233–2240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Latham, MJ, Storry, JE, Sharpe, ME 1972. Effect of low-roughage diets on the microflora and lipid metabolism in the rumen. Applied Microbiology 24, 871–877.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, MRF, Harris, LJ, Dewhurst, RJ, Merry, RJ, Scollan, ND 2003. The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers. Animal Science 76, 491–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee MRF, Tweed JKS, Connelly PL, Merry RJ, Dewhurst R and Scollan ND 2004. Duodenal flow and biohydrogenation of C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids in beef steers fed high sugar grass, red clover or grass/red clover mix silages. In Annual Meeting of the BSAS, p. 66.Google Scholar
Legay-Carmier F 1989. Effet de rations riches en matières grasses sur le métabolisme lipidique des principaux compartiments microbiens du contenu de rumen chez la vache laitière; conséquences sur le flux duodénal des constituants microbiens. Université Clermont 2 Blaise Pascal.Google Scholar
Loor, JJ, Ueda, K, Ferlay, A, Chilliard, Y, Doreau, M 2004. Biohydrogenation, duodenal flow, and intestinal digestibility of trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in response to dietary forage : concentrate ratio and linseed oil in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 87, 2472–2485.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loor, JJ, Ueda, K, Ferlay, A, Chilliard, Y, Doreau, M 2005. Intestinal flow and digestibility of trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in dairy cows fed a high-concentrate diet supplemented with fish oil, linseed oil, or sunflower oil. Animal Feed Science and Technology 119, 203–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, J 2002. Diet and risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Lancet 360, 783–789.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin, SA, Jenkins, TC 2002. Factors affecting conjugated linoleic acid and trans-C18:1 fatty acid production by mixed ruminal bacteria. Journal of Animal Science 80, 3347–3352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattson, FH, Nolen, GA, Webb, MR 1991. The absorbability by rats of various triglycerides of stearic and oleic acid and the effect of dietary calcium and magnesium. Journal of Nutrition 109, 1682–1689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, GB, Weidman, M 1987. Partitioning of polar fatty acids into lymph and portal vein after intestinal absorption in the rat. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology 72, 153–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moate, PJ, Chalupa, W, Jenkins, TC, Boston, RC 2004. A model to describe ruminal metabolism and intestinal absorption of long chain fatty acids. Animal Feed Science and Technology 112, 79–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moller, PD, Borsting, CF 1987. Fedtsyreomsaetningen hos malkekoer fodret med forsaebet, traditionelt eller maettet animalsk fedt. 3. Omsaetningen af flygtige fedtstyrer i formaverne. Statens Husdyrbrugsforsog Meddelelse 695, 1–4.Google Scholar
Mosley, EE, Powell, GL, Riley, MB, Jenkins, TC 2002. Microbial biohydrogenation of oleic acid to trans isomers in vitro. Journal of Lipid Research 43, 290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ockner, RK, Pittman, JP, Yager, JL 1972. Differences in the intestinal absorption of saturated and unsaturated long chain fatty acids. Gastroenterology 62, 981–992.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pantoja, J, Firkins, JL, Eastridge, ML 1995. Site of digestion and milk production by cows fed fats differing in saturation, esterification, and chain length. Journal of Dairy Science 78, 2247–2258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pantoja, J, Firkins, JL, Eastridge, ML, Hull, BL 1996. Fatty acid digestion in lactating dairy cows fed fats varying in degree of saturation and different fiber sources. Journal of Dairy Science 79, 575–584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, X, Eastridge, ML, Firkins, JL 2004a. Effects of dry matter intake, addition of buffer, and source of fat on duodenal flow and concentration of conjugated linoleic acid and trans-11 c18:1 in milk. Journal of Dairy Science 87, 4278–4286.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Qiu, X, Eastridge, ML, Griswold, KE, Firkins, JL 2004b. Effects of substrate, passage rate, and pH in continuous culture on flows of conjugated linoleic acid and trans C18:1. Journal of Dairy Science 87, 3473–3479.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sas Institute 2000. SAS User’s Guide: Statistics. Version 8.1. Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Sauvant, D, Bas, P 2001. Lipid digestion in ruminants. Productions Animales 14, 303–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauvant, D, Schmidely, P, Daudin, JJ 2005. Les méta-analyses des données expérimentales: applications en nutrition animale. Productions Animales 18, 63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidely P, Glasser F, Doreau M and Sauvant D 2008. Digestion of fatty acids in ruminants: a meta-analysis of flows and variation factors. 1. Rumen fermentation patterns, microbial efficiency and duodenal flows of total fatty acid. Animal 2, 677–690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, TW, Cook, LJ 1975. Effects of dietary fat on lipid metabolism in ruminants. In Digestion and metabolism in the ruminant (ed. GB McDonald and ACI Warner), pp. 481–495. University of New England, Armidale, Australia.Google Scholar
Selner, DR, Schultz, LH 1980. Effects of feeding oleic acid or hydrogenated vegetable oils to lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 63, 1235–1241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shingfield, KJ, Ahvenjarvi, S, Toivonen, V, Arola, A, Nurmela, KVV, Huhtanen, P, Griinari, JM 2003. Effect of dietary fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Animal Science 77, 165–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
St-Pierre, NR 2001. Invited review: Integrating quantitative findings from multiple studies using mixed model methodology. Journal of Dairy Science 84, 741–755.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sutton, JD, Storry, JE, Nicholson, JWG 1970. The digestion of fatty acids in the stomach and intestines of sheep given widely different rations. Journal of Dairy Research 37, 97–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Troegeler-Meynadier A 2004. Ruminal synthesis and mammary secretion of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in dairy cow: effect of polyunsaturated acids and of ruminal pH. Université Aix-Marseille III.Google Scholar
Troegeler-Meynadier, A, Nicot, MC, Bayourthe, C, Moncoulon, R, Enjalbert, F 2003. Effects of pH and concentrations of linoleic and linolenic acids on extent and intermediates of ruminal biohydrogenation in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 4054–4063.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Nevel, CJ, Demeyer, DI 1996. Influence of pH on lipolysis and biohydrogenation of soybean oil by rumen contents in vitro. Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 36, 53–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vossenberg, JLCM, Joblin, KN 2003. Biohydrogenation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids to stearic acid by a strain of Butyrivibrio hungatei from the bovine rumen. Letters in Applied Microbiology 37, 424–428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wachira, AM, Sinclair, LA, Wilkinson, RG, Hallett, K, Enser, M, Wood, JD 2000. Rumen biohydrogenation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their effects on microbial efficiency and nutrient digestibility in sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science 135, 419–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wahle, KWJ, Heys, SD, Rotondo, D 2004. Conjugated linoleic acids: are they beneficial or detrimental to health? Progress in Lipid Research 43, 553–587.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, Z, Goonewardene, LA 2004. The use of MIXED models in the analysis of animal experiments with repeated measures data. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 84, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weisbjerg, MR, Borsting, CF, Hvelplund, T 1992. Fatty acid metabolism in the digestive tract of lactating cows fed tallow in increasing amounts at two feed levels. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica. Section A, Animal Science 42, 106–114.Google Scholar
White, BG, Ingalls, JR, Sharma, HR, McKirdy, JA 1987. The effect of whole sunflower seeds on the flow of fat and fatty acids through the gastrointestinal tract of cannulated Holstein steers. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, 447–459.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yokoyama, MT, Davis, CL 1971. Hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids by Treponema (Borrelia) Strain B25, a rumen spirochete. Journal of Bacteriology 107, 519–527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Supplementary material: PDF

Glasser supplementary material

List of publications

Download Glasser supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 63.1 KB