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Food preferences and aversions in human health and nutrition: how can pigs help the biomedical research?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2011

C. Clouard ,
M. C. Meunier-Salaün  and
D. Val-Laillet
C. Clouard
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1079 SENAH, Domaine de la Prise, 35590 Saint Gilles, France
M. C. Meunier-Salaün
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1079 SENAH, Domaine de la Prise, 35590 Saint Gilles, France
D. Val-Laillet*
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1079 SENAH, Domaine de la Prise, 35590 Saint Gilles, France
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The establishment of food preferences and aversions determines the modulation of eating behaviour and the optimization of food intake. These phenomena rely on the learning and memory abilities of the organism and depend on different psychobiological mechanisms such as associative conditionings and sociocultural influences. After summarizing the various behavioural and environmental determinants of the establishment of food preferences and aversions, this paper describes several issues encountered in human nutrition when preferences and aversions become detrimental to health: development of eating disorders and obesity, aversions and anorexia in chemotherapy-treated or elderly patients and poor palatability of medical substances and drugs. Most of the relevant biomedical research has been performed in rodent models, although this approach has severe limitations, especially in the nutritional field. Consequently, the final aim of this paper is to discuss the use of the pig model to investigate the behavioural and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the establishment of food preferences and aversions by reviewing the literature supporting analogies at multiple levels (general physiology and anatomy, sensory sensitivity, digestive function, cognitive abilities, brain features) between pigs and humans.

Keywords

pigconditioned learningeating behaviouranimal modelbiomedical applications
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 118 - 136
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2011

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