Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:48:44.168Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of different tannin-rich extracts and rapeseed tannin monomers on methane formation and microbial protein synthesis in vitro*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2013

G. Wischer ,
J. Boguhn ,
H. Steingaß ,
M. Schollenberger  and
M. Rodehutscord
G. Wischer
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierernährung, Universität Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
J. Boguhn
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierernährung, Universität Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
H. Steingaß
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierernährung, Universität Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
M. Schollenberger
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierernährung, Universität Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
M. Rodehutscord*
Affiliation:
Institut für Tierernährung, Universität Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Tannins, polyphenolic compounds found in plants, are known to complex with proteins of feed and rumen bacteria. This group of substances has the potential to reduce methane production either with or without negative effects on digestibility and microbial yield. In the first step of this study, 10 tannin-rich extracts from chestnut, mimosa, myrabolan, quebracho, sumach, tara, valonea, oak, cocoa and grape seed, and four rapeseed tannin monomers (pelargonidin, catechin, cyanidin and sinapinic acid) were used in a series of in vitro trials using the Hohenheim gas test, with grass silage as substrate. The objective was to screen the potential of various tannin-rich extracts to reduce methane production without a significant effect on total gas production (GP). Supplementation with pelargonidin and cyanidin did not reduce methane production; however, catechin and sinapinic acid reduced methane production without altering GP. All tannin-rich extracts, except for tara extract, significantly reduced methane production by 8% to 28% without altering GP. On the basis of these results, five tannin-rich extracts were selected and further investigated in a second step using a Rusitec system. Each tannin-rich extract (1.5 g) was supplemented to grass silage (15 g). In this experiment, nutrient degradation, microbial protein synthesis and volatile fatty acid production were used as additional response criteria. Chestnut extract caused the greatest reduction in methane production followed by valonea, grape seed and sumach, whereas myrabolan extract did not reduce methane production. Whereas chestnut extract reduced acetate production by 19%, supplementation with grape seed or myrabolan extract increased acetate production. However, degradation of fibre fractions was reduced in all tannin treatments. Degradation of dry matter and organic matter was also reduced by tannin supplementation, and no differences were found between the tannin-rich extracts. CP degradation and ammonia-N accumulation in the Rusitec were reduced by tannin treatment. The amount and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were not significantly affected by tannin supplementation. The results of this study indicated that some tannin-rich extracts are able to reduce methane production without altering microbial protein synthesis. We hypothesized that chestnut and valonea extract have the greatest potential to reduce methane production without negative side effects.

Keywords

tannin rich extracttannin monomersmethaneruminantsmicrobial protein synthesis
Type
Nutrition
Information
animal , Volume 7 , Issue 11 , November 2013 , pp. 1796 - 1805
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society of Nutrition Physiology, Göttingen, Germany.

March 9 to 11, 2010: Wischer G, Boguhn J, Steingaß H and Rodehutscord M 2010. Screening of potential inhibitors of methanogenesis using the Hohenheim gas test. Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology, 19, p. 103.

March 15 to 17, 2011: Wischer G, Boguhn J, Steingaß H and Rodehutscord M 2011. Effect of tannin extracts on fermentation of grass silage and microbial yield in a rumen simulation. Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology, 20, p. 111.

References

Animut, G, Puchala, R, Goetsch, AL, Patra, AK, Sahlu, T, Varel, VH, Wells, J 2008. Methane emission by goats consuming diets with different levels of condensed tannins from lespedeza. Animal Feed Science and Technology 144, 212–227.Google Scholar
Beauchemin, KA, McGinn, SM, Martinez, TF, McAllister, TA 2007. Use of condensed tannin extract from quebracho trees to reduce methane emissions from cattle. Journal of Animal Science 85, 1990–1996.Google Scholar
Bodas, R, López, S, Fernández, M, García-González, R, Rodríguez, AB, Wallace, RJ, González, JS 2008. In vitro screening of the potential of numerous plant species as antimethanogenic feed additives for ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 145, 245–258.Google Scholar
Boguhn, J, Kluth, H, Rodehutscord, M 2006. Effect of total mixed ration composition on fermentation and efficiency of ruminal microbial crude protein synthesis in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 1580–1591.Google Scholar
Carulla, JE, Kreuzer, M, Machmüller, A, Hess, HD 2005. Supplementation of Acacia mearnsii tannins decreases methanogenesis and urinary nitrogen in forage-fed sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, 961–970.Google Scholar
Chiquette, J, Cheng, KJ, Rode, LM, Milligan, LP 1989. Effect of tannin content in two isosynthetic strains of birdfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) on feed digestibility and rumen fluid composition in sheep. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, 1031–1039.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Czerkawski, JW, Breckenridge, G 1977. Design and development of a long-term rumen simulation technique (Rusitec). British Journal of Nutrition 38, 371–384.Google Scholar
Grainger, C, Clarke, T, Auldist, MJ, Beauchemin, KA, McGinn, SM, Waghorn, GC, Eckard, RJ 2009. Potential use of Acacia mearnsii condensed tannins to reduce methane emissions and nitrogen excretion from grazing dairy cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, 241–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haslam, E 1981. Vegetable tannins. In The biochemistry of plants (ed. EE Conn), vol. 7, pp. 527–566. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Hildebrand, B, Boguhn, J, Rodehutscord, M 2011. Effect of maize silage to grass silage ratio and feed particle size on protein synthesis and amino acid profile in different microbial fractions in a semi-continuous rumen simulation. Animal 5, 537–546.Google Scholar
Jayanegara, A, Leiber, F, Kreuzer, M 2012. Meta-analysis of the relationship between dietary tannin level and methane formation in ruminants from in vivo and in vitro experiments. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 96, 365–375.Google Scholar
Jayanegara, A, Wina, E, Soliva, CR, Marquardt, S, Kreuzer, M, Leiber, F 2011. Dependence of forage quality and methanogenic potential of tropical plants on their phenolic fractions as determined by principal component analysis. Animal Feed Science and Technology 163, 231–243.Google Scholar
Johnson, KA, Johnson, DE 1995. Methane emissions from cattle. Journal of Animal Science 73, 2483–2492.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, GA, McAllister, TA, Muir, AD, Cheng, K-J 1994. Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) condensed tannins on growth and proteolysis by four strains of ruminal bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60, 1374–1378.Google Scholar
Lowry, JB, Kennedy, PM 1996. Fermentation of flavonols by rumen organisms. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 21, 366.Google Scholar
Makkar, HP, Blummel, M, Becker, K 1995. In vitro effects of and interactions between tannins and saponins and fate of tannins in the rumen. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 69, 481–493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Makkar, HPS 2003a. Effects and fate of tannins in ruminant animals, adaptation to tannins, and strategies to overcome detrimental effects of feeding tannin-rich feeds. Small Ruminant Research 49, 241–256.Google Scholar
Makkar, HPS 2003b. Quantification of tannins in tree and shrub foliage: a laboratory manual. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
McDougall, EI 1948. Studies on ruminant saliva. 1. The composition and output of sheep's saliva. The Biochemical Journal 43, 99–109.Google Scholar
McSweeney, CS, Palmer, B, McNeill, DM, Krause, DO 2001. Microbial interactions with tannins: nutritional consequences for ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 91, 83–93.Google Scholar
Medina, MB 2011. Simple and rapid method for the analysis of phenolic compounds in beverages and grains. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59, 1565–1571.Google Scholar
Menke, KH, Raab, L, Salewski, A, Steingass, H, Fritz, D, Schneider, W 1979. The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feeding stuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. The Journal of Agricultural Science 93, 217–222.Google Scholar
Naczk, M, Amarowicz, R, Sullivan, A, Shahidi, F 1998. Current research developments on polyphenolics of rapeseed/canola: a review. Food Chemistry 62, 489–502.Google Scholar
Patra, AK 2010. Meta-analyses of effects of phytochemicals on digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics associated with methanogenesis. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 90, 2700–2708.Google Scholar
Patra, AK, Saxena, J 2011. Exploitation of dietary tannins to improve rumen metabolism and ruminant nutrition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 91, 24–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porter, LJ, Hrstich, LN, Chan, BG 1986. The conversion of procyanidins and prodelphinidins to cyanidin and delphinidin. Phytochemistry 25, 223–230.Google Scholar
Puchala, R, Min, BR, Goetsch, AL, Sahlu, T 2005. The effect of a condensed tannin-containing forage on methane emission by goats. Journal of Animal Science 83, 182–186.Google Scholar
Ranilla, MJ, Carro, MD 2003. Diet and procedures used to detach particle-associated microbes from ruminal digesta influence chemical composition of microbes and estimation of microbial growth in Rusitec fermenters. Journal of Animal Science 81, 537–544.Google Scholar
Reed, JD 1995. Nutritional toxicology of tannins and related polyphenols in forage legumes. Journal of Animal Science 73, 1516–1528.Google Scholar
Roffler, RE, Satter, LD 1975. Relationship between ruminal ammonia and nonprotein nitrogen utilization by ruminants. I. Development of a model for predicting nonprotein nitrogen utilization by cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 58, 1880–1888.Google Scholar
Rymer, C, Huntington, JA, Williams, BA, Givens, DI 2005. In vitro cumulative gas production techniques: history, methodological considerations and challenges. Animal Feed Science and Technology 123–124 (1), 9–30.Google Scholar
Salminen, JP, Karonen, M 2011. Chemical ecology of tannins and other phenolics: we need a change in approach. Functional Ecology 25, 325–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Śliwiński, BJ, Soliva, CR, Machmüller, A, Kreuzer, M 2002. Efficacy of plant extracts rich in secondary constituents to modify rumen fermentation. Animal Feed Science and Technology 101, 101–114.Google Scholar
Stanier, G, Davies, A 1981. Effects of the antibiotic monensin and an inhibitor of methanogenesis on in vitro continuous rumen fermentations. British Journal of Nutrition 45, 567–578.Google Scholar
Verband Deutscher Landwirtschaftlicher Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalten (VDLUFA) 2006. Handbuch der Landwirtschaftlichen Versuchs- und Untersuchungsmethodik (VDLUFA-Methodenbuch), Bd. III Die chemische Untersuchung von Futtermitteln. VDLUFA-Verlag, Darmstadt, Germany.Google Scholar
Waghorn, GC, Ulyatt, MJ, John, A, Fisher, MT 1987. The effect of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on Lotus corniculatus L. British Journal of Nutrition 57, 115–126.Google Scholar
Wischer, G, Boguhn, J, Steingaß, H, Schollenberger, M, Hartung, K, Rodehutscord, M 2013. Effect of monensin on in vitro fermentation of silages and microbial protein synthesis. Archives of Animal Nutrition 67, 219–234.Google Scholar
Zijlstra, JB, Beukema, J, Wolthers, BG, Byrne, BM, Groen, A, Ankert, JD 1977. Pretreatment methods prior to gaschromatographic analysis of volatile fatty acids from faecal samples. Clinica Chimica Acta 78, 243–250.Google Scholar