Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T17:51:32.010Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Digestion of fatty acids in ruminants: a meta-analysis of flows and variation factors. 1. Total fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2008

P. Schmidely ,
F. Glasser ,
M. Doreau  and
D. Sauvant
P. Schmidely*
Affiliation:
AgroParisTech – INRA, UMR791 Physiologie de la Nutrition et Alimentation, F-75231 Paris, France
F. Glasser
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
M. Doreau
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Site de Theix, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
D. Sauvant
Affiliation:
AgroParisTech – INRA, UMR791 Physiologie de la Nutrition et Alimentation, F-75231 Paris, France
*
E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

A database built from 95 experiments with 303 treatments was used to quantify the ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) of fatty acids (FA), efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (EMPS), duodenal flow and intestinal absorption of total FA and of FA with 12 to 18 C units, in response to variations in dietary FA content, source or technological treatment of fat supplement. Flows of FA were expressed relative to dry matter intake (DMI) to compile data from bovine and ovine species. BH tended to increase curvilinearly with FA intake, whereas dietary FA did not affect EMPS. A linear relationship between FA intake and duodenal flow of total FA was obtained, with a coefficient of 0.75 ± 0.06 g duodenal FA/kg DMI for each g FA intake/kg DMI. Between experiments, positive balances of total FA (intake – duodenum) were related to low EMPS. Relationships between duodenal flows of FA with 12 to 18 C units and their respective intakes were linear, with a coefficient that increased with the number of C units. Duodenal flow of bacterial FA was linearly related to FA intake (coefficient 0.33 ± 0.13), whereas contribution of bacterial lipid to duodenal flow decreased as FA intake increased. For each FA with 12 to 16 C units, prediction of FA absorption from its respective duodenal flow was linear. For total FA and FA with 18 C units, apparent absorption levelled off at high duodenal flows. All these relationships were discussed according to current knowledge on microbial metabolism in the rumen and on the intestinal digestibility of FA in the intestine.

Keywords

biohydrogenationfatty acidsmeta-analysismicrobesrumen
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 2 , Issue 5 , May 2008 , pp. 677 - 690
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aldrich, CG, Merchen, NR, Drackley, JK, Gonzalez, SS, JrFahey, GC, Berger, LL 1997. The effects of chemical treatment of whole canola seed on lipid and protein digestion by steers. Journal of Animal Science 75, 502–511.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauchart, D, Legay-Carmier, F, Doreau, M, Gaillard, B 1990. Lipid metabolism of liquid-associated and solid-adherent bacteria in rumen contents of dairy cows offered lipid-supplemented diets. British Journal of Nutrition 63, 563–578.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bock, BJ, JrHarmon DL Brandt, RT, Schneiders, JE 1991. Fat source and calcium level effects on finishing steer performance, digestion, and metabolism. Journal of Animal Science 69, 2211–2224.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, JHP, Sturdivant, CA, Greene, LW, Lunt, DK, Smith, SB 1991. Fatty acid absorption of cattle fed diets containing high-oleate sunflower seeds. Journal of Animal Science 69 (suppl. 1), 547–548.Google Scholar
Cook, DA, McGilliard, AD, Richard, M 1967. In vitro conversion of long-chain fatty acids to ketones by bovine rumen mucosa. Journal of Dairy Science 51, 715–720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Czerkawski, JW, Christie, WW, Breckenbridge, G, Hunter, ML 1975. Change in the rumen metabolism of sheep given increasing amounts of linseed oil in their diet. British Journal of Nutrition 34, 25–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Demeyer, DI, Van Nevel, CJ 1995. Transformation and effects of lipids in the rumen: three decades of research at Gent University. Archives of Animal Nutrition 48, 119–134.Google ScholarPubMed
Demeyer, DI, Henderson, C, Prins, RA 1978. Relative significance of exogenous and de novo synthesized fatty acids in the formation of rumen microbial lipids in vitro. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 35, 24–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dewhurst, RJ, Evans, RT, Scollan, ND, Moorby, JM, Merry, RJ, Wilkins, RJ 2003. Comparison of grass and legume silages for milk production. 2. In vivo and in sacco evaluations of rumen function. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 2612–2621.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M, Ferlay, A 1994. Digestion and utilisation of fatty acids by ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 45, 379–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doreau, M, Ferlay, A 1995. Effect of dietary lipids on nitrogen metabolism in the rumen: a review. Livestock Production Science 43, 97–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doreau, M, Chilliard, Y 1997. Digestion and metabolism of dietary fat in farm animals. British Journal of Nutrition 78 (suppl. 1), S15–S35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doreau, M, Ueda, K, Poncet, C 2003. Fatty acid ruminal metabolism and intestinal digestibility in sheep fed ryegrass silage and hay. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 3, 289–293.Google Scholar
EFSA 2004. Opinion of the scientific panel on dietetic products, nutrition and allergies on a request from the Commission related to the presence of trans fatty acids in foods and the effect on human health of the consumption of trans fatty acids. EFSA Journal 81, 1–49.Google Scholar
ElizaldeJC,C JC,C, Aldrich, G, LaCount, DW, Drackley, JK, Merchen, NR 1999. Ruminal and total tract digestibilities in steers fed diets containing liquefied or prilled saturated fatty acids. Journal of Animal Science 77, 1930–1939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elliott, JP, Drackley, JK, Beaulieu, AD, Aldrich, CG, Merchen, NR 1999. Effects of saturation and esterification of fat sources on site and extent of digestion in steers: digestion of fatty acids, triglycerides, and energy. Journal of Animal Science 77, 1919–1929.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folch, J, Lees, M, Sloane Stanley, GH 1957. Simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glasser F, Schmidely P, Sauvant D and Doreau M 2008. Digestion of fatty acids in ruminants: a meta-analysis of flows and variation factors. 2. C18 fatty acids. Animal (accepted).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hagemeister, H, Kaufmann, W, Wiechen, A 1979. Messungen des resorptionsortes von fettsäuren in Verdauungstrakt der Milchkuh. Kieler Milchwirtschafliche Forschungsberichte 31, 11–29.Google Scholar
Harfoot, CG, Hazlewood, GP 1997. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In The rumen microbial ecosystem (ed. Hobson PN and Stewart CS), pp. 382–426. Blackie Academic, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harfoot, CG, Crouchman, ML, Noble, RC, Moore, JH 1974. Competition between food particles and rumen bacteria in the uptake of long-chain fatty acids and triglycerides. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 37, 633–641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvatine, KJ, Allen, MS 2006. Effects of fatty acid supplements on ruminal and total tract nutrient digestion in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 1092–1103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hogan, JP 1973. Intestinal digestion of subterranean clover by sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 24, 587–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howlett, CM, Vanzant, ES, Anderson, LH, Burris, WR, Fieser, BG, Bapst, RF 2003. Effect of supplemental nutrient source on heifer growth and reproductive performance, and on utilization of corn silage-based diets by beef steers. Journal of Animal Science 81, 2367–2378.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ieki, H, Zhao, Y, Taniguchi, K, Obitsu, T 1997. Ruminal balance and small intestinal digestion of fatty acids by steers fed full fat rice bran. Animal Science and Technology 68, 860–868.Google Scholar
Jenkins, TC 1993. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science 76, 3851–3863.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jesse, BW, Solomon, RK, Baldwin, RL 1992. Palmitate metabolism in isolated sheep rumen epithelial cells. Journal of Animal Science 70, 2235–2242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joyner, AE, Winet, WT, Godhout, DM 1977. Studies on some characteristics of hydrogen production by cell-free extracts of rumen anaerobic bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 23, 346–353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kemp, P, Lander, DJ, Gunstone, FD 1984. The hydrogenation of the series of the methylene-interrupted cis, cis octadecenoic acids in pure cultures of rumen bacteria. British Journal of Nutrition 52, 171–177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, MRF, Harris, LJ, Dewhurst, RJ, Merry, RJ, and Scollan, ND 2003. The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers. Animal Science 76, 491–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, MRF, Connely, PL, Tweed, JKS, Dewhurst, RJ, Merry, RJ, Scollan, ND 2006. Effect of high sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2. Lipids. Journal of Animal Science 84, 3061–3070.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Legay-Carmier F 1989. Effet de rations riches en matières grasses sur le métabolisme lipidique des principaux compartiments microbiens du contenu de rumen chez la vache laitière; conséquences sur le flux duodénal des constituants microbiens. Université Clermont 2 Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France.Google Scholar
Legay-Carmier, F, Bauchart, D 1989. Distribution of bacteria in the rumen contents of dairy cows given a diet supplemented with soya-bean oils. British Journal of Nutrition 61, 725–740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J-C, Valeille, K 2002. Conjugated linoleic acids: all the same or to everyone its own function? Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 42, 525–536.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MoatePJ,W PJ,W, Chalupa, W, Jenkins, TC, Boston, RC 2004. A model to describe ruminal metabolism and intestinal absorption of long chain fatty acids. Animal Feed Science and Technology 112, 79–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moate, PJ, Boston, RC, Lean, IJ, Chalupa, W 2006. Short Communication: further validation of the fat sub-model in the Cornell-Penn-Miner dairy model. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 1052–1056.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Onetti, SG, Shaver, RD, McGuire, MA, Grummer, RR 2001. Effect of type and level of dietary fat on rumen fermentation and performance of dairy cows fed corn silage-based diets. Journal of Dairy Science 84, 2751–2759.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pantoja, J, Firkins, JL, Eastridge, ML, Hull, BL 1996. Fatty acid digestion in lactating dairy cows fed fats varying in degree of saturation and different fiber sources. Journal of Dairy Science 79, 575–584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, PW, Goins, RE 1994. In situ preparation of fatty acid methyl esters for analysis of fatty acid composition in foods. Journal of Food Science 59, 1262–1266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petit, HV 2003. Digestion, milk production, milk composition and blood composition of dairy cows fed formaldehyde treated flaxseed or sunflower seed. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 2637–2646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Preston, TR, Leng, RA 1987. Digestive physiology of ruminants. InMatching ruminant production systems with avalaible resources in the tropic and sub-tropics (ed. Preston TR and Leng RA), pp. 21–48. Penambul Books, Armidale, Australia.Google Scholar
Qiu, X, Eastridge, ML, Firkins, JL 2004. Effects of dry matter intake, addition of buffer, and source of fat on duodenal flow and concentration of conjugated linoleic acid and trans-11 c18:1 in milk. Journal of Dairy Science 87, 4278–4286.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sasaki, K, Horiguchi, T, Takahashi, T 2001. Effects of different concentrate and roughage ratios on ruminal balance of long-chain fatty acids in sheep. Asian-Australas Journal of Animal Science 14, 960–967.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauvant, D, Bas, P 2001. La digestion des lipides chez le ruminant. INRA Productions Animales 14, 303–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sauvant, D, Schmidely, P, Daudin, JJ 2005. Les méta-analyses des données expérimentales: applications en nutrition animale. INRA Productions Animales 18, 63–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scollan, ND, Dhanoa, MS, Choi, NJ, Maeng, WJ, Enser, M, Wood, JD 2001. Biohydrogenation and digestion of long chain fatty acids in steers fed on different sources of lipid. Journal of Agricultural Science 136, 345–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scholljegerdes, EJ, Hess, BW, Moss, GE, Hixon, DL, Rule, DC 2004. Influence of supplemental cracked high-linoleate or high-oleate safflower seeds on site and extent of digestion in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 82, 3577–3588.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
St-Pierre, NR 2001. Invited review: integrating quantitative findings from multiple studies using mixed model methodology. Journal of Dairy Science 84, 741–755.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sukhija, PS, Palmquist, DL 1988. Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 36, 1202–1206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tice, EM, Eastridge, ML, Firkins, JL 1994. Raw soybeans and roasted soybeans of different particle sizes. 2. Fatty acid utilization by lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 77, 166–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ueda, K, Ferlay, A, Chabrot, J, Loor, JJ, Chilliard, Y, Doreau, M 2003. Effect of linseed oil supplementation on ruminal digestion in dairy cows fed diets with different forage: concentrate ratios. Journal of Dairy Science 86, 3999–4007.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ushida, K, Jouany, JP, Lassalas, B, Thivend, P 1984. Protozoal contribution to nitrogen digestion in sheep. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 64 (suppl), 20–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vlaeminck, B, Fievez, V, Demeyer, D, Dewhurst, J 2006. Effect of Forage: Concentrate ratio on fatty acid composition of rumen bacteria isolated from ruminal and duodenal digesta. Journal of Dairy Science 89, 2668–2678.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, Z, Goonewardene, LA 2004. The use of MIXED models in the analysis of animal experiments with repeated measures data. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 84, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, CM 2000. Dietary fatty acids and human health. Annales de Zootechnie 49, 165–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yanez-Ruiz, D, Scollan, ND, Merry, RJ, Newbold, CJ 2006. Contribution of rumen protozoa to duodenal flow of nitrogen, conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid in steers fed silage differing in their water-soluble carbohydrate content. British Journal of Nutrition 96, 861–869.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yanez-Ruiz, D, Williams, S, Newbold, C 2007. The effect of absence of protozoa on rumen biohydrogenation and the fatty acid composition of lamb muscle. British Journal of Nutrition 96, 938–948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zinn, RA, Owens, FN 1986. A rapid procedure for purine measurement and its use for estimating net ruminal protein synthesis. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66, 157–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Schmidely supplementary material

References of data base

Download Schmidely supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 57.6 KB