Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T15:54:03.017Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prediction of the energy requirements for growth in beef cattle 3. Body weight and heat production in Hereford × British Friesian bulls and steers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

A. J. F. Webster ,
J. S. Smith  and
G. S. Mollison
A. J. F. Webster
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
J. S. Smith
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
G. S. Mollison
Affiliation:
Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB2 9SB
Get access

Summary

1. A total of 74 energy balance trials was made with five Hereford × British Friesian bulls and five steers raised intensively on a barley/protein diet to a slaughter weight of about 450 kg.

2. Predicted basal metabolism (F′) was calculated for each trial by extrapolation to zero intake of measurements made on animals in positive energy balance. Logarithmic and linear equations are presented for F′ for bulls and steers throughout growth. Bulls had F′ values about 20% higher than steers.

3. Values for fasting metabolism (F) in young cattle are reviewed and compared with values for F′ It is concluded that observed differences within and between different estimates of F and F′ can be attributed to the impetus for growth in young animals. Thus, at a stated body weight and intake of metabolizable energy, heat production is influenced by class and breed, bulls being higher than steers and large breeds higher than small breeds.

Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , April 1977 , pp. 237 - 244
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1977

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Agricultural Research Council. 1965. The Nutrient Requirements of Farm Livestock. No. 2, Ruminants. Agricultural Research Council, London.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1967. The Energy Metabolism of Ruminants. 2nd ed. Hutchinson, London.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1973. Metabolizable energy and feeding systems for ruminants. In Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers, No. 7 (ed. Swan, H. and Lewis, D.). Butterworth, London.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. and Wainman, F. W. 1966. The fasting metabolism of cattle. Br. J. Nutr. 20: 103–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brody, S. 1945. Bioenergetics and Growth. Reinhold, New York.Google Scholar
Garrett, W. N. 1971. Energetic efficiency of beef and dairy steers. J. Anim. Sci. 32: 451–456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geay, Y. and Malterre, C. 1971. [Effect of castration and type of carbohydrate in the ration on growth and quality of carcass of cattle killed at 24 months.] Annls Zootech. 20: 251–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, N. McC, Searle, T. W. and Griffiths, D. A. 1974. Basic metabolic rate in lambs and young sheep. Aust. J. agric. Res. 25: 957–971.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marston, H. R. 1948. Energy transactions in the sheep. Aust. J. Sci. Res. Ser. B. 1: 93–129.Google Scholar
Ministry Of Agriculture, Fisheries And Food, Department Of Agriculture And Fisheries For Scotland And Department Of Agriculture For Northern Ireland. 1975. Energy allowances and feeding systems for ruminants. Tech. Bull. Minist. Agric. Fish Fd, No. 33. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Mitchell, H. H. and Hamilton, T. S. 1940. The utilization by calves of energy in rations containing different percentages of protein and in glucose supplements. J. agric. Res. 61: 847–864.Google Scholar
Mitchell, H. H. and Hamilton, T. S. 1941. The utilization by calves of the energy contained in balanced rations composed of combinations of different feeds. J. Nutr. 22: 541–552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Preston, T. R., MacDearmid, A., Aitken, J. N., MacLeod, N. A. and Philip, , Euphemia, B. 1968. [The effect of castration on growth, feed conversion and carcass quality of Friesian cattle given all-concentrate diets.] Revta cub. Cienc. agric. 2: 183–190.Google Scholar
Preston, T. R. and Willis, M. B. 1970. Intensive Beef Production. Pergamon, Oxford.Google Scholar
Pullar, J. D. and Webster, A. J. F. 1977. The energy costs of protein and fat deposition in the rat. Br. J. Nutr. 37: 355–363.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ritzman, E. G. and Colovos, N. F. 1943. Physiological requirements and utilization of protein and energy by growing dairy cattle. Tech. Bull. New Hamps. agric. Exp. Stn, No. 80.Google Scholar
Vercoe, J. E. 1970. The fasting metabolism of Brahman, Africander and Hereford × Shorthorn cattle. Br. J. Nutr. 24: 599–606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vercoe, J. E. and Frisch, J. E. 1974. Fasting metabolism, liveweight and voluntary feed intake of different breeds of cattle. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals (ed. Menke, K. H., Lantzsch, H. J. and Reichl, J. R.). EAAPPubl. No. 14, Univ. Hohenheim.Google Scholar
Wainman, F. W., Blaxter, K. L. and Smith, J. S. 1972. The utilization of the energy of artificially dried grass prepared in different ways. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 78: 441–447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, A. J. F., Brockway, J. M. and Smith, J. S. 1974. Prediction of the energy requirements for growth in beef cattle. 1. The irrelevance of fasting metabolism. Anim. Prod. 19: 127–139.Google Scholar
Webster, A. J. F., Gordon, J. G. and Smith, J. S. 1976a. Energy exchanges of veal calves in relation to body weight, food intake and air temperature. Anim. Prod. 23: 35–42.Google Scholar
Webster, A. J. F., Smith, J. S., Crabtree, R. M. and Mollison, G. S. 1976b. Prediction of the energy requirements for growth in beef cattle. 2. Hereford × British Friesian steers given dried grass or barley. Anim. Prod. 23: 329–340.Google Scholar