Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T19:22:27.789Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of manure gases on the onset of puberty of replacement gilts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

J. R. Malayer ,
K. E. Brandt ,
M. L. Green ,
D. T. Kelly ,
A. L. Sutton  and
M. A. Diekman
J. R. Malayer
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
K. E. Brandt
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
M. L. Green
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
D. T. Kelly
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
A. L. Sutton
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
M. A. Diekman
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
Get access

Abstract

To determine whether gases generated during the breakdown of accumulated manure in an environmentally regulated building affects the onset of puberty in gilts, 42 crossbred gilts, born from 1 o t 15 September 1985, were reared indoors from 10 to 30 weeks of age on concrete slats over a pit that was drained and refilled with clean water biweekly (clean group). Forty-two gilts were reared over a pit where manure was allowed to accumulate (control group). These two groups had similar feeding, water, floor space, lighting and room temperature. A third group of 42 crossbred gilts was reared from 10 to 30 weeks of age in an open-front building with a concrete apron (outdoor group). Concentration of aerial ammonia in the control environment was three- to five-fold higher than in either the clean or the outdoor environment (P < 0·001). Average daily gain and food conversion efficiency were similar for the two indoor treatment groups, but the outdoor group gained less weight than either indoor group (P < 0·05). At 26 weeks of age all gilts were exposed to mature boars daily for 2 weeks, then every 2nd day for an additional 2 weeks. A greater proportion of gilts in the clean environment attained puberty 7 days (P < 0·05) and 10 days (P < 0·07) after first exposure to boars. These data suggest that odorous gases, such as ammonia, in the air of environmentally regulated buildings may diminish the stimulatory influence of boars on the onset of puberty in gilts.

Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 46 , Issue 2 , April 1988 , pp. 277 - 282
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Public Health Association. 1980. Methods of Air Sampling and Analysis. 2nd ed.Google Scholar
American Public Health Association — American Water Works Association — Water Pollution COntrol Federation. 1980. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater., 15th ed. American Public Health Association, New York.Google Scholar
Awotwi, E. K. and Anderson, L. L. 1982. The effects of isolation, photoperiod, and olfactory bulbectomy on growth and puberty in Yorkshire gilts. Journal of Animal Science 55: Suppl. 1, pp. 106 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Brooks, P. H. and Cole, D. J. A. 1970. The effect of the presence of a boar on the attainment of puberty in gilts. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 23: 435–440.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caton, J. S., Jesse, G. W., Day, B. N. and Ellersieck, M. R. 1986. The effect of confinement on days to puberty in gilts. Journal of Animal Science 62: 1203–1209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chiba, L. I., Peo, E. R., Lewis, A. J., Brumm, M. C., Fritschen, R. D. and Crenshaw, J. D. 1985. Effect of dietary fat on pig performance and dust levels in modified-open-front and environmentally regulated confinement buildings. Journal of Animal Science 61: 763–781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christenson, R. K. 1981. Influence of confinement and season of the year on puberty and estrous activity of gilts. Journal of Animal Science 52: 821–830.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Christenson, R. K. and Ford, J. J. 1979. Puberty and estrus in confinement-reared gilts. Journal of Animal Science 49: 743–751.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Curtis, S. E. 1972. Air environment and animal performance. Journal of Animal Science 35: 628–634.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Curtis, S. E., Anderson, C. R., Simon, J., Jensen, A. H., Day, D. L. and Kelley, K. W. 1975. Effects of aerial ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and swine-house dust on rate of gain and respiratory-tract structure in swine. Journal of Animal Science 41: 735–739.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diekman, M. A. and Hoagland, T. A. 1983. Influence of supplemental lighting during periods of increasing or decreasing daylength on the onset of puberty in gilts. Journal of Animal Science 57: 1235–1242.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donham, K. J., Yeggy, J. and Dague, R. R. 1985. Chemical and physical parameters of liquid manure from swine confinement facilities: health implications for workers, swine and the environment. Agricultural Wastes 14: 97–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drummond, J. G., Curtis, S. E. and Simon, J. 1978. Effects of atmospheric ammonia on pulmonary bacterial clearance in the young pig. American Journal of Veterinary Research 39: 211–212.Google ScholarPubMed
Harvey, W. R. 1975. Least squares analysis of data with unequal subclass numbers. U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS H-4.Google Scholar
Kirkwood, R. N. and Aherne, F. X. 1985. Energy intake, body composition and reproductive performance of the gilt. Journal of Animal Science 60: 1518–1529.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malayer, J. R., Diekman, M. A., Brandt, K. E., Green, M. L., Kelly, D. T., Sutton, A. L., Long, G. G. and Jones, D. D. 1987. Influence of manure gases on the onset of puberty in gilts. Journal of Animal Science 64: 1476–1483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meacham, T. N. and Massincupp, F. B. 1970. Effect of confinement on reproduction and several blood components in gilts. Journal of Animal Science 31: 226 (Abstr.).Google Scholar
Meyer, D. J. 1985. Solutions to reduce ammonia levels in swine facilities. Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Agricultural Wastes, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, pp. 461–467.Google Scholar
Niswender, G. D. 1973. Influence of the site of conjugation on the specificity of antibodies to progesterone. Steroids 22: 413–424.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rampacek, G. B., Kraeling, R. R. and Kiser, T. E. 1981. Delayed puberty in gilts in total confinement. Theriogenology 15: 491–499.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Signoret, J. P. and Mauleon, P. 1962. [The effect of surgical removal of the olfactory bulbs on the sexual cycle and the genital tract of sows.] Annales de Biologie Animate, Biochimie et Biophysique 2: 167–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stombaugh, D. P., Teague, H. S. and Roller, W. L. 1969. Effects of atmospheric ammonia on the pig. Journal of Animal Science 28: 844–847.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie, J. H. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Sutton, A. L. and Nye, J. C. 1982. Influence of waste management on animal health and welfare. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, No. 82–4036.Google Scholar
Thompson, L. H. and Savage, J. S. 1978. Age at puberty and ovulation rate in gilts in confinement as influenced by exposure to a boar. Journal of Animal Science 47: 1141–1144.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed