Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T06:01:25.576Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Energy and protein supplements to straw-based diets for yearling cattle: effects on straw intake and digestibility

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

O. A. S. Al-Saghier  and
R. C. Campling
O. A. S. Al-Saghier
Affiliation:
Wye College, University of London, Ashford Kent TN25 5AH
R. C. Campling
Affiliation:
Wye College, University of London, Ashford Kent TN25 5AH
Get access

Abstract

A series of change-over experiments examined the intake and digestibility of straw-based diets in yearling dairy heifers. Voluntary intakes of straws given as the sole food to yearling dairy heifers were 1·28, 1·20 and 0·90 kg dry matter (DM) per 100 kg live weight for barley, wheat and oat straws respectively, and the corresponding digestibility of organic matter was 0·47, 0·53 and 0·48. When supplemented with 2 kg rolled barley the intakes of straw did not alter, nor were they affected by replacing part of the rolled barley with an equal amount of soya-bean meal and thus increasing the dietary concentration of protein from about 50 to 110 g/kg DM. The use of molassed sugar-beet pulp in place of rolled barley reduced the intake of straw. Flaked maize promoted slightly higher intakes of straw than an equal amount of coarsely milled maize. Replacing rolled barley by lucerne hay reduced straw intake. It is estimated that, to provide sufficient energy and protein for a daily gain of 0·5 kg, heifer straw-based diets would require a supplement of 1·2 kg rolled barley and 0·8 kg soya-bean meal.

Keywords

cattledigestibilityintakestrawsupplements
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , February 1991 , pp. 83 - 92
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Agricultural Research Council. 1980. The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough.Google Scholar
Agricultural Research Council. 1984. The Nutrient Requirements of Livestock. Suppl. No. 1. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough.Google Scholar
Alawa, J. P., Fishwick, G., Parkins, J. J. and Hemingway, R. G. 1987. A note on the effects of dietary protein degradability in the rumen on the voluntary intake and digestibility of barley straw by lactating beef cows. Animal Production 44: 446–449.Google Scholar
Alawa, J. P., Fishwick, G., Parkins, J. J., Hemingway, R. G. and Aitchison, T. C. 1986. Influence of energy source and dietary protein degradability on the voluntary intake and digestibility of barley straw by pregnant beef cows. Animal Production 43: 201–209.Google Scholar
Allden, W. G. 1981. Energy and protein supplements for grazing livestock. In Grazing Animals (ed. Morley, F. H. W.), pp. 289–307. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Basery, M. and Campling, R. C. 1989. Voluntary intake and digestibility of straw and hay supplemented with silages or lucerne by yearling cattle. MARDl (Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute) Research Journal 17: 107–116.Google Scholar
Campling, R. C. 1966. The effect of concentrates on the rate of disappearance of digesta from the alimentary tract of cows given hay. Journal of Dairy Research 33: 13–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Church, D. C. and Santos, A. 1981. Effect of graded levels of soya-bean meal and of a nonprotein nitrogen-molasses supplement on consumption and digestibility of wheat straw. Journal of Animal Science 53: 1609–1615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coombe, J. B. 1981. Utilization of low quality residues. In Grazing Animals (ed. Morley, F. H. W.), pp. 319–334. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Crampton, E. W. and Maynard, L. A. 1938. The relation of cellulose and lignin content to the nutritive value of animal feeds. Journal of Nutrition 15: 383–395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, P. T., Dove, H., Freer, M., Hart, F. J., Dixon, R. M. and Egan, A. R. 1988. Effects of a concentrate supplement on the intake and digestion of a low-quality forage by lambs. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 111: 503–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliott, R. and Mcmeniman, N. P. 1987. Forages as supplements. In The Nutrition of Herbivores (ed. Hacker, J. B. and Ternouth, J. H.), pp. 409–428. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Hunt, C. W., Klopfenstein, T. J. and Britton, R. A. 1988. Effect of alfalfa additions to wheat straw diets on intake and digestion in beef cattle. Nutrition Reports International 38: 1249–1257.Google Scholar
Madsen, J. and Hvelplund, T. 1985. Protein degradation in the rumen. A comparison between in vivo, nylon bag, in vitro and buffer measurements. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Supplement 25: 103–124.Google Scholar
Mathieson, J. 1970. The automated estimation of chromic oxide. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 29: 30–31Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland and Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland. 1984. Energy allowances and feeding systems for ruminants. Reference Book 433. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
O'Donovan, P. B. 1983. Untreated straw as a livestock feed. Nutrition Abstracts and Reviews 53B: 441–455.Google Scholar
Ortigues, I., Smith, T., Oldham, J. D. and Gill, M. 1989. The effects of fishmeal on growth and calorimetric efficiency in heifers offered straw diets. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals (ed. Honing, Y. van der and Close, W. H.), pp. 65–68. Pudoc, Wageningen.Google Scholar
Schneider, B. H. and Flatt, W. P. 1975. The Evaluation of Feeds Through Digestibility Experiments, University of Georgia Press, Athens.Google Scholar
Smith, T. and Broster, W. H. 1977. The use of poor quality fibrous sources of energy by young cattle. World Review of Animal Production 13: (1), 49–58.Google Scholar
Smith, T., Broster, V. J. and Hill, R. E. 1980. A comparison of sources of supplementary nitrogen for young cattle receiving fibre-rich diets. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 95: 687–695.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutton, J. D. 1986. Rumen fermentation and gastrointestinal absorption: carbohydrates. In New Developments and Future Perspectives in Research on Rumen Function (ed. Neimann-Sorensen, A.), Commission of the European Communities Report EUR 10054, pp. 21–38.Google Scholar
Weston, R. H. and Davis, P. 1986. Low payability as a constraint to the intake of a wheaten straw diet by sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia 11: 172–175.Google Scholar