Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T23:33:22.521Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of underfeeding post-partum Charolais beef cows on composition of plasma non-esterified fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

A. A. Ponter ,
C. Douar ,
J.-P. Mialot ,
H. Benoit-Valiergue  and
B. Grimard
A. A. Ponter
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Unité Biologie de la Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 94704 MAISONS-ALFORT, France
C. Douar
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Unité Biologie de la Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 94704 MAISONS-ALFORT, France
J.-P. Mialot
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Unité Biologie de la Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 94704 MAISONS-ALFORT, France
H. Benoit-Valiergue
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Unité Biologie de la Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 94704 MAISONS-ALFORT, France
B. Grimard
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Unité Biologie de la Reproduction, 7 Avenue du Général-de-Gaulle, 94704 MAISONS-ALFORT, France
Get access

Abstract

This work was designed to investigate whether the profile of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) remains constant in response to underfeeding in beef cows, since in other species mobilization of fatty acids (FA) has been shown to be dependent on fatty acid structure. Twenty-one Charolais cows (multiparous, no. = 16 and primiparous, no. = 5) were assigned to one of two diets (control diet (CD; no. = 11) or restricted diet (RD; no. = 10) which, respectively supplied all or 0·7 of energy and protein requirements) after calving. Blood and composite milk samples were collected weekly before the morning meal over a period of 9 weeks. The cows given RD lost significantly more body weight (P < 0·001) and condition score (P < 0·05) than the cows given CD. Plasma NEFA and urea concentrations were also higher in RD than CD during the experiment (P < 0·05 and P < 0·001, respectively). The level of feeding did not affect plasma insulin and glucose concentrations. Milk FA were affected by feeding level. The proportions of short- and medium-chain FA were lower in RD compared with CD (C8: 0, C10: 0, C12: 0 and C14: 0, P < 0·05 and C14: 1 and C16: 0, P < 0·10) while some of the long-chain FA were higher (C17: 0 and C18: 1, P < 0·001 and C17: 1, P < 0·10). Feeding level affected the profile of FA in plasma NEFA. The proportions of C16: 0 and C18: 1 were higher (P < 0·05) in RD cows compared with CD cows while the proportions of C12: 0, C14: 1, C17: 0, C18: 0 and C18: 2 were lower (P < 0·05). There was a feeding level × time interaction in the proportions of different FA in the plasma NEFA and in the total plasma NEFA concentrations. The differences caused by feeding level gradually disappeared with time. The proportion of C18: 1 in plasma NEFA and the total plasma NEFA concentrations were quadratically positively correlated, while the correlation between C18: 2 and total plasma NEFA was negative. In conclusion, when post-partum beef cattle are underfed, plasma NEFA concentrations increase (indicating lipomobilization) and this increase is associated with an increase in the proportion of oleic acid (C18: 1) in plasma NEFA.

Keywords

beef cowsfatty acidsunderfeeding
Type
Growth, development and meat science
Information
Animal Science , Volume 71 , Issue 2 , October 2000 , pp. 243 - 252
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agabriel, J., Giraud, J. M. and Petit, M. 1986. [Measurement and use of body condition score in beef production.] Bulletin Technique du CRZV de Theix 66: 43–50.Google Scholar
Bartle, S. J., Preston, R. L. and Males, J. R. 1983. Evaluation of plasma free fatty acids as indicators of energy status in lactating beef cows. Nutrition Reports International 28: 345–354.Google Scholar
Buison, A., Lu, H., Guo, F. and Jen, C. 1997. High fat feeding of different fats during pregnancy and lactation in rats: effects on maternal metabolism, pregnancy outcome, milk and tissue fatty acid profiles. Nutrition Research 17: 1541–1554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chilliard, Y., Bocquier, F. and Doreau, M. 1998. Digestive and metabolic adaptations of ruminants to undernutrition, and consequences on reproduction. Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 38: 131–152.Google Scholar
Chilliard, Y., Gagliostro, G., Fléchet, J., Lefaivre, J. and Sebastien, I. 1991. Duodenal rapeseed oil infusion in early and midlactation cows. 5. Milk fatty acid and adipose tissue lipogenesis activities. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 1844–1854.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Connor, W. E., Lin, D. S. and Clovis, C. 1996. Differential mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue. Journal of Lipid Research 37: 290–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Jong, C. and Badings, H. T. 1990. Determination of free fatty acids in milk and cheese, procedures for extraction, clean up, and capillary gas chromatographic analysis. Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 13: 94–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, T. G. and Moss, G. E. 1992. Effects of nutrient deficiencies and excesses on reproductive efficiency of livestock. Journal of Animal Science 70: 1580–1593.Google Scholar
Easdon, M. P., Chesworth, J. M., Aboul-Ela, M. B. E. and Henderson, G. D. 1985. The effect of undernutrition of beef cows on blood hormone and metabolite concentrations post partum . Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 25: 113–126.Google Scholar
Filley, S. J., Turner, H. A. and Stormshak, F. 1999. Prostaglandin F2a concentrations, fatty acid profiles, and fertility in lipid-infused post partum beef heifers. Biology of Reproduction 61: 1317–1323.Google Scholar
Griffiths, A. J., Humphreys, S. M., Clark, M. C., Fielding, B. A. and Frayn, K. N. 1994. Immediate metabolic availability of dietary fat in combination with carbohydrate. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59: 53–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grimard, B., Humblot, P., Ponter, A. A., Mialot, J.-P., Sauvant, D. and Thibier, M. 1995. Influence of postpartum energy restriction on energy status, plasma LH and œstradiol secretion and follicular development in suckled beef cows. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 104: 173–179.Google Scholar
Grummer, R. R. 1991. Effect of feed on the composition of milk fat. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3244–3257.Google Scholar
Halliwell, K. J., Fielding, B. A., Samra, J. S., Humphreys, S. M. and Frayn, K. N. 1996. Release if individual fatty acids from human adipose tissue in vivo after an overnight fast. Journal of Lipid Research 37: 1842–1848.Google Scholar
Jackson, H. D. and Winkler, V. W. 1970. Effects of starvation on the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and plasma lipid of sheep. Journal of Nutrition 100: 201–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lammoglia, M. A., Willard, S. T., Hallford, D. M. and Randel, R. D. 1997. Effects of dietary fat on follicular development and circulating concentrations of lipids, insulin, progesterone, estradiol-17 beta, 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F(2 alpha), and growth hormone in estrous cyclic Brahman cows. Journal of Animal Science 75: 1591–1600.Google Scholar
Littell, R. C., Henry, P. R. and Ammerman, C. B. 1998. Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using SAS procedures. Journal of Animal Science 76: 1216–1231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luick, J. R. and Smith, L. M. 1963. Fatty acid synthesis during fasting and bovine ketosis. Journal of Dairy Science 46: 1251–1259.Google Scholar
Meikle, A. W., Benson, S. J., Liu, X.-H., Boam, W. D. and Stringham, J. D. 1989. Nonesterified fatty acids modulate steroidogenesis in mouse Leydig cells. American Journal of Physiology 257: E937-942.Google Scholar
Meikle, A. W., Cardoso de Sousa, J. C., Hanzalova, J. and Murray, D. K. 1996. Oleic acid inhibits cholesteryl esterase and cholesterol utilization for testosterone synthesis in mouse Leydig cells. Metabolism 45: 293–299.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Omata, W., Shibata, H., Suzuki, Y., Tanaka, S., Suzuki, T., Takata, K. and Kojima, I. 1997. Subcellular distribution of GLUT4 in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing mutant dynamin: evidence that dynamin is a regulatory GTPase in GLUT4 endocytosis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 241: 401–406.Google Scholar
Osoro, K. and Wright, I. A. 1992. The effect of body condition, live weight, breed, age, calf performance, and calving date on reproductive performance of spring-calving beef cows. Journal of Animal Science 70: 1661–1666.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petit, M. 1988. Alimentation des vaches allaitantes. In Alimentation des bovins, ovins et caprins (ed. Jarrige, R.), pp. 159–184. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris.Google Scholar
Polidori, P., Maggi, G. L., Moretti, V. M., Valfrè, F. and Navarotto, P. 1993. A note on the effect of use of bovine somatotropin on the fatty acid composition of the milk fat in dairy cows. Animal Production 57: 319–322.Google Scholar
Ponsart, C., Ponter, A. A., Khireddine, B., Humblot, P., Sauvant, D., Mialot, J. -P. and Grimard, B. 1999. A period of energy supplementation but not the type of supplement influences the insulin response to exogenous glucose in food-restricted post-partum suckler beef cows. Animal Science 68: 749–761.Google Scholar
Ponter, A. A., Grimard, B., Humblot, P., Novak, N., Khireddine, B., Sauvant, D., Thibier, M. and Mialot, J.-P. 1997. Parity influences the utilization of exogenous glucose in suckler anoestrous Charolais beef cows. Animal Science 65: 183–192.Google Scholar
Poretsky, L. and Kalin, M. C. 1987. The gonadotrophic function of insulin. Endocrine Reveiws 8: 132–141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabiee, A. R., Lean, I. J., Gooden, J. M., Miller, B. G. and Scaramuzzi, R. J. 1997. An evaluation of transovarian uptake of metabolites using arterio-venous difference methods in dairy cattle. Animal Reproductive Science 48: 9–25.Google Scholar
Raclot, T., Mioscowski, E., Bach, A. C. and Groscolas, R. 1995. Selectivity of fatty acid mobilization; a general metabolic feature of adipose tissue. American Journal of Physiology 269: R1060-1067.Google ScholarPubMed
Smith, D. R., Knabe, D. A. and Smith, S. B. 1996. Depression of lipogenesis in swine adipose tissue by specific dietary fatty acids. Journal of Animal Science 74: 975–983.Google Scholar
Staples, C. R., Burke, J. M. and Thatcher, W. W. 1998. Influence of supplemental fat on reproductive tissues and performance of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science 81: 856–871.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1996. SAS/STAT user’s guide, release 6·12. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Storry, J. E. 1981. The effect of dietary fat on milk composition. In Recent advances in animal nutrition (ed. Haresign, W.), pp. 3–33. Butterworths, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sukhija, P. S. and Palmquist, D. L. 1988. Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 36: 1202–1206.Google Scholar
Thiebaud, D., Acheson, K., Schultz, Y., Felber, J. P., Golay, A., DeFronzo, R. A. and Jequier, E. 1983. Stimulation of thermogenesis in men after combined glucose-long-chain triglyceride infusion. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 37: 603–611.Google Scholar
Thomas, M. G., Bao, B. and Williams, G. L. 1997. Dietary fats varying in their fatty acid composition differentially influence follicular growth in cows fed isoenergetic diets. Journal of Animal Science 75: 2512–2519.Google Scholar
Welz, W., Sattler, W., Leis, H. J. and Malle, E. 1990. Rapid analysis of non-esterified fatty acids as methyl esters from different biological specimens by gas chromatography after one-step esterification. Journal of Chromatography 526: 319–329.Google Scholar