Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T06:00:15.817Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of breed on the deposition in beef muscle and adipose tissue of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

N. J. Choi ,
M. Enser ,
J. D. Wood  and
N. D. Scollan
N. J. Choi
Affiliation:
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK Division of Food Animal Science, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
M. Enser
Affiliation:
Division of Food Animal Science, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
J. D. Wood
Affiliation:
Division of Food Animal Science, School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
N. D. Scollan
Affiliation:
Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
Get access

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on muscle fatty acid composition and content in two cattle breeds; the Holstein-Friesian, a dairy breed, and the Welsh Black, a traditional beef breed. Animals were kept on ad libitum grass silage and one of three concentrates varying in the source of fat; Megalac (high in C16 : 0), formaldehyde treated whole linseed (high in C18 : 3 n-3) and a combination of formaldehyde treated whole linseed and fish oil (high in C20 : 5 n-3 and C22 : 6 n-3). The concentrates were offered at approximately 0·4 of total dry matter intake. Samples of m. longissimus thoracis from Holstein-Friesians contained higher total amounts of fatty acids (P < 0·05) than that of Welsh Blacks in neutral lipid, but the phospholipid fatty acid content was similar between the breeds. Over all treatments, the proportion of C18 : 3 n-3 was higher (P < 0·001) in muscle neutral lipid of Welsh Blacks and the proportions of C18 : 3 n-3 and C18 : 1 trans were higher (P < 0·05 and P < 0·001, respectively) in their subcutaneous adipose tissue. Feeding linseed increased the amounts of C18 : 3 n-3 and also C20 : 5 n-3 in muscle phospholipids suggesting chain elongation and desaturation of C18 : 3 n-3 had occurred. The concentration of C20 : 5 n-3 was significantly higher (P < 0·05) in muscle phospholipids of Welsh Blacks while no differences were found for C18 : 3 n-3 and C22 : 6 n–3. However, when expressed as a proportion of total fatty acids, both C20 : 5 n-3 and C18 : 3 n-3 were significantly higher (P < 0·001) in the Welsh Black phospholipids. These differences resulted in a significantly higher P : S ratio of the muscle total fat (P < 0·05) in the Welsh Black than in the Holstein-Friesian but P : S was not affected by diet. On the other hand, the n-6 : n-3 PUFA ratio was significantly lower in the Welsh Black, reflecting the higher n-3 PUFA content. This ratio was lower in the linseed and the mixed treatments for both breeds, reflecting higher delivery of n-3 PUFA from these diets. Fortification of the diet with sources of PUFA and exploiting breed differences offer the potential to develop systems to increase human intakes of n-3 PUFA in line with current nutritional recommendations.

Keywords

beefbreedslipidspolyenoic fatty acids
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 71 , Issue 3 , December 2000 , pp. 509 - 519
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ashes, J. R., Siebert, B. D., Gulati, S. K., Cuthbertson, A. Z. and Scott, T. W. 1992. Incorporation of n-3 fatty acids of fish oil into tissue and serum lipids of ruminants Lipids 27: 629—631.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauchart, D., Verite, R. and Ramond, R. 1984. Long-chain fatty acid digestion in lactating cows fed fresh grass from spring to autumn. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 64: (suppl. 1) 330—331.Google Scholar
Bonanome, A. and Grundy, S. M. 1987. Stearic acid does not raise plasma cholesterol. Clinical Research 35: 365A.Google Scholar
Brenner, P. R. 1977. International symposium of function and biosynthesis of lipids. In Function and biosynthesis of lipids (ed. Bazan, N. G., Brenner, R. R. and Giusto, N. M.), pp. 85—101. Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Callow, E. H. 1962. Comparative studies of meat. VIII. The percentage of fat in the fatty acid and muscular tissues of steers and the iodine number of the extracted fat, as affected by breed and level of nutrition. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 58: 295—307.Google Scholar
Clemens, E., Arthaud, V. , Mandigo, R. and Woods, W. 1973. Fatty acid composition of bulls and steers as influenced by age and dietary energy level. Journal of Animal Science 37: 1326—1331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Department of Health. 1994. Nutritional aspects of cardiovascular disease. Report on health and social subjects no. 46 Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Department of Health and Social Security. 1984. Diet and cardiovascular disease. Report on health and social subjects no. 28 Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Dewar, W. A. and McDonald, P. 1961. Determination of dry matter in silage by distillation with toluene. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 12: 790—795.Google Scholar
Doreau, M. and Ferlay, A. 1994. Digestion and utilisation of fatty acids by ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 45: 379—396.Google Scholar
Enser, M., Hallett, K., Hewitt, B., Fursey, G. A. F. and Wood, J. D. 1996. Fatty acid content and composition of English beef, lamb and pork at retail. Meat Science 42: 443—456.Google Scholar
Enser, M., Scollan, N. D., Choi, N. J., Kurt, E., Hallett, K. and Wood, J. D. 1999. Effect of dietary lipid on the content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in beef muscle. Animal Science 69: 143—146.Google Scholar
Folch, J., Lees, M. and Stanley, G. H. S. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226: 497—509.Google Scholar
Food Advisory Committee. 1990. Report on review of food labelling and advertising. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Harfoot, C. G. and Hazlewood, G. P. 1988. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In The rumen microbial ecosystem (ed. Hobson, P. N.), pp. 285—322. Elsevier Applied Science, London.Google Scholar
Itoh, M., Johnson, C. B., Cosgrove, G. P., Muir, P. D. and Purchas, R. W. 1999. Intramuscular fatty acid composition of neutral and polar lipids for heavy-weight Angus and Simmental steers finished on pasture or grain. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 79: 821—827.3.0.CO;2-N>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kempster, A. J., Cook, G. L. and Grantley-Smith, M. 1986. National estimates of the body composition of British cattle, sheep and pigs with special reference to trends in fatness. A review. Meat Science 17: 107—138.Google Scholar
Kinsella, J. E., Broughton, K. S. and Whelan, J. W. 1990. Dietary unsaturated fatty acids interactions and possible needs in relation to eicosanoid synthesis. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 1: 123—141 Google Scholar
Larick, D. K. and Turner, B. E. 1989. Influence of finishing diet on the phospolipid composition and fatty acid profile of individual phospholipids in lean muscle of beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science 67: 2282—2293.Google Scholar
Lawes Agricultural Trust. 1990. GENSTAT V mark 2•2. Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, UK.Google Scholar
Mandell, I. B., Buchanan-Smith, J. G., Holub, B. J. and Campbell, C. P. 1997. Effect of fish meal in beef cattle diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and fatty acid composition of longissimus muscle. Journal of Animal Science 75: 910—919.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 1992. Prediction of energy value of compound feeding stuffs for farm animals. Summary of recommendations of a working party sponsored by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, UK.Google Scholar
Rule, D. C., Smith, S. B. and Romans, J. R. 1995. Fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue of meat animals. In Biology of fat in meat animals (ed. Smith, S. B. and Smith, D. R.), pp. 144—165. Current Advances series of the American Society of Animal Science, Champaign, IL.Google Scholar
Scollan, N. D., Choi, N. J., Fisher, A. V., Enser, M. and Wood, J. D. 2000a. Manipulating the fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissue in beef cattle. British Journal of Nutrition In press.Google Scholar
Scollan, N. D., Choi, N. J., Maeng, W. J., Enser, M. and Wood, J. D. 2000b. Digestion of long chain fatty acids from different feed sources and their effect on the rumen function of steers. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge In press.Google Scholar
Scott, T. W., Cook, L. J. and Mills, S. C. 1971. Protection of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids against microbial hydrogenation in ruminants. Journal of the American Oil Chemist’s Society 48: 359—364.Google Scholar
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. and Lewis, B. A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3568—3597.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Westerling, D. B. and Hedrick, H. B. 1979. Fatty acid composition of bovine lipids as influenced by diet, sex and anatomical location and the relationship to sensory characteristics. Journal of Animal Science 48: 1343—1348.Google Scholar
Willett, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Manson, J. E., Colditz, G. A., Speizer, F. E., Rozner, B. A., Sampson, L. A. and Hennekins, C. H. 1993. Intake of trans fatty acids and the risk of coronary heart disease among women. Lancet 341: 581—585.Google Scholar
Wood, J. D., Enser, M., Fisher, A. V., Nute, G. R., Richardson, R. I. and Shear, P. R. 1999. Manipulating meat quality and composition. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 58: 363—370.Google Scholar
Yoshimura, T. and Namikawa, K. 1983. Influence of breed, sex and anatomical location of lipid and fatty acid composition of bovine subcutaneous fat. Japanese Journal of Zootechnology Science 54: 97—105.Google Scholar
Zembayashi, M., Nishimure, K., Lunt, D. K. and Smith, S. B. 1995. Effect of breed type and sex on the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular lipids of finishing steers and heifers. Journal of Animal Science 73: 3325—3332.Google Scholar