Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T17:31:27.140Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Digestion and microbial fermentation of Eragrostis curvula supplemented with tallow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

M. Fondevila ,
G. Cufré ,
J.C.M. Nogueira ,
L. Godio  and
G. Alcantu
M. Fondevila
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013
G. Cufré
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36, km 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina
J.C.M. Nogueira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013
L. Godio
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36, km 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina
G. Alcantu
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta Nacional 36, km 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina
Get access

Abstract

Two in vitro experiments were conducted in order to determine if microbial fermentation of Eragrostis curvula hay is depressed by high levels of added tallow. Two levels of tallow, to reach 0.06 (T6) and 0.12 (T12) of the ether extract (organic matter basis) in food were compared with a control (T0, 25 g ether extract per kg). The first experiment studied the pattern of gas production. From 24 h onwards, gas volume for T0 was higher (P < 0.05) than for T6 and T12. However, lag time was shorter with tallow, probably because of utilization of the released glycerol. Fermentation of a similar amount of fat included in T6 and T12 as the only substrate (fat-6 and fat-12) depressed gas production compared with the blank, irrespective of fat level. In a second experiment, characteristics of microbial fermentation were studied, including volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, bacterial adhesion to fibrous particles (measured according to purine bases concentration) and polysaccharidase and glycosidase activities, at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h incubation. Total VFA was higher (P < 0.05) in T0 compared with T6 but not with T12. Acetate: propionate ratio diminished with tallow in the food. Higher total xylosidase (P > 0⋅05) and glycosidase (P < 0⋅001) activities were observed for T0 than for T6 and T12 and similar responses were observed regarding specific activities. Bacterial adhesion was not different between T0 and T6 but it was smaller in T12. The inhibition of microbial fermentation by tallow addition is more related to specific polysaccharidase and glycosidase activities, rather than to a depressed bacterial adhesion.

Keywords

Eragrostis curvulain vitro digestibilitymicrobial degradationtallow
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 69 , Issue 2 , October 1999 , pp. 447 - 455
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ashwell, G. 1957. Colorimetrie analysis of sugars. In Methods in enzymology, vol. 3 (ed. Colowick, S.P. and Kaplan, N.O.), p. 85. Academic Press Inc., New York.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1980. Official methods of analysis, 13th edition. George Banta Co., Wisconsin.Google Scholar
Balcells, J., Guada, J.A., Peiró, J.M. and Parker, D.S. 1992. Simultaneous determination of allantoin and oxypurines in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 575: 153–157.Google Scholar
Cufré, G., Alcantú, G., Godio, I., Maffioli, R. and Saroff, C. 1989. Tratamiento alcalino de pasto llorón para mejorar su calidad. I. Efecto del NaOH sobre la composición química y la digestión in situ. Producción Animal (Buenos Aires) 9: 94–102.Google Scholar
Devendra, C. and Lewis, D. 1974. The interaction between dietary lipids and fibre in the sheep. 2. Digestibility studies. Animal Production 19: 67–76.Google Scholar
Doreau, M., Legay, F. and Bauchart, D. 1991. Effect of source and level of supplemental fat on total and ruminai organic matter and nitrogen digestion in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 2233–2242.Google Scholar
Fondevila, M., Muñoz, G., Castrillo, C., Vicente, F. and Martín-Orúe, S.M. 1997. Differences in microbial fermentation of barley straw induced by its treatment with anhydrous ammonia. Animal Science 65: 111–119.Google Scholar
France, J., Dhanoa, M.S., Theodorou, M.K., Lister, S.J., Davies, D.R. and Isac, D. 1993. A model to interpret gas accumulation profiles associated with in vitro degradation of ruminant feeds. Journal of Theoretical Biology 163: 99–111.Google Scholar
Godio, L., Alcantú, G., Cufré, G., Maffioli, R.P. and Provensal, P.J. 1997. Suplementación con grasa a heno de pasto llorón (Eragrostis curvula cv. Tanganika). II. Límites a la suplementación grasa. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Producción Animal 5: 170–173.Google Scholar
Henderson, C. 1973. The effects of fatty acids on pure cultures of rumen bacteria. Journal of Agriculture Science, Cambridge 81: 107–112.Google Scholar
Hussein, H.S., Merchen, N.R. and Fahey, G.C. Jr. 1995. Effects of forage level and canola seed supplementation on site and extent of digestion of organic matter, carbohydrates and energy by steers. Journal of Animal Science 73: 2458–2468.Google Scholar
Jenkins, T.C. 1993. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science 76: 3851–3863.Google Scholar
Jouany, J.P. 1982. Volatile fatty acid and alcohol determination in digestive contents, silage juices, bacterial cultures and anaerobic fermentor contents. Sciences des Aliments 2: 131–144.Google Scholar
Khazaal, K., Markantonatos, X., Nastis, A. and Ørskov, E.R. 1993. Changes with maturity in fibre composition and levels of extractable polyphenols in Greek browse: effects on in vitro gas production and in sacco dry matter degradation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 63: 237–244.Google Scholar
Kowalczyc, J., Ørskov, E.R., Robinson, J.J. and Stewart, C.S. 1977. Effect of fat supplementation on voluntary food intake and rumen metabolism in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 37: 251–258.Google Scholar
Latham, M.J., Storry, J.E. and Sharpe, M.E. 1972. Effect of low-roughage diets on the microflora and lipid metabolism in the rumen. Applied Microbiology 24: 871–877.Google Scholar
Legay-Carmier, F. and Bauchart, D. 1989. Distribution of bacteria in the rumen contents of dairy cows given a diet supplemented with soya-bean oil. British Journal of Nutrition 61: 725–740.Google Scholar
Maczulak, A.E., Dehority, B.A. and Palmquist, D.L. 1981. Effects of long chain fatty acids on growth of rumen bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 42: 856–862.Google Scholar
Meissner, H.H., Köster, H.H., Nieuwoudt, S.H. and Coertze, R.J. 1991. Effect of energy supplementation on intake and digestion of early and mid-season ryegrass and Panicum/Smuts finger hay, and on in sacco disappearance of various forage species. South African Journal of Animal Science 21: 33–42.Google Scholar
Meissner, H.H. and Todtenhöffer, U. 1989. Influence of casein and glucose or starch supplementation in the rumen or abomasum on utilization of Eragrostis curvula hay by sheep. South African Journal of Animal Science 19: 43–49.Google Scholar
Menke, K.H. and Steingass, H. 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development 28: 7–55.Google Scholar
Mir, Z. 1988. A comparison of canola acidulated fatty acids and tallow as supplements to a ground alfalfa diet for sheep. Canadian Journal of Animual Science 68: 761–767.Google Scholar
Moore, J.A., Swingle, R.S. and Hale, W.H. 1986. Effects of whole cottonseed, cottonseed oil or animal fat on digestibility of wheat straw diets by steers. Journal of Animul Science 63: 1267–1273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ørskov, E.R., Hine, R.S. and Grubb, D.A. 1978. The effect of urea on digestion and voluntary intake by sheep of diets supplemented with fat. Animal Production 27: 241–245.Google Scholar
Palmquist, D.L. 1988. The feeding value of fats. In Feed science (ed. Ørskov, E.R.), pp. 293–311. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Pantoja, J., Firkins, J.L., Eastridge, M.L. and Hull, B.L. 1994. Effects of fat saturation and source of fiber on site of nutrient digestion and milk production by lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 77: 2341–2356.Google Scholar
Rémond, B., Souday, E. and Jouany, J.P. 1993. In vitro and in vivo fermentation of glycerol by rumen microbes. Animal Feed Science and Technology 41: 121–132.Google Scholar
Stewart, C.S. 1977. Factors affecting the cellulolytic activity of rumen contents. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 33: 497–502.Google Scholar
Tesfa, A.T. 1992. Effects of rapeseed oil on rumen enzyme activity and in sacco degradation of grass silage. Animal Feed Science and Technology 36: 77–89.Google Scholar
Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583–3597.Google Scholar
Villalba, J.J., Aerolovich, H.M. and Laborde, H.E. 1991. Effect of water deficit upon the cell wall components in sorghum and weeping lovegrass forages. Archivos de Zootecnia 40: 283–291.Google Scholar
Wu, Z. and Palmquist, D.L. 1991. Synthesis and biohydrogenation of fatty acids by ruminal microorganisms in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3035–3046.Google Scholar