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Separate and combined effects of ephedrine and caffeine on protein and lipid deposition in finishing pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

N. Oksbjerg  and
M. T. Sørensen
N. Oksbjerg
Affiliation:
National Institute of Animal Science, Foulum Research Centre, PO Box 39, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
M. T. Sørensen
Affiliation:
National Institute of Animal Science, Foulum Research Centre, PO Box 39, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of dietary inclusion of an ephedrine (Eph)/caffeine (Caf) mixture on finishing (55 to 100 kg live weight) castrated male pigs. The first experiment was conducted as a dose-response study and showed that the mixture had an optimal effect on performance and carcass composition at a dietary inclusion level of approximately 56/560 mg/kg of Eph and Caf, respectively. In the second experiment, interactions between the compounds were studied by dietary inclusion of Eph (56 mg/kg) and Caf (560 mg/kg) separately or as a mixture (56/560 mg/kg). The mixture reduced food intake by 0·12 and improved the food: gain ratio by 0·08. Muscle protein deposition rate was increased proportionately by 0·25, lipid accretion rate was decreased proportionately by 0·27, and gross energetic efficiency of energy deposition decreased proportionately by 0·09. This resulted in a changed proportional carcass composition towards more muscle (0·08) and less fat (0·21) after treatment with the mixture. The reduction in food intake was sustained due to an interaction over the first 3 weeks of treatment changing to additive effects by the compounds. The increased muscle protein deposition rate after feeding the mixture was entirely due to Eph, while the decreased gross energetic efficiency of energy deposition was caused by Caf. On the other hand, both compounds contributed almost equally to the decrease in lipid accretion rate. These results show that an Eph/Caf mixture markedly improves performance and body composition in finishing castrated pigs.

Keywords

caffeinecarcass compositionephedrineperformancepigs
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 60 , Issue 2 , April 1995 , pp. 299 - 305
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1995

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