Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T19:53:39.513Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast culture supplement on ruminal metabolism in buffalo calves given a high concentrate diet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

U. Kumar ,
V. K. Sareen  and
S. Singh
U. Kumar
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
V. K. Sareen
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
S. Singh
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Get access

Abstract

The effect of inclusion of live yeast culture (YC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in a high concentrate diet given to buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves on the rumen microbial population and fermentation pattern and in sacco dry matter disappearance of dietary constituents was examined. Six rumen-fistulated buffalo calves of about 120 kg live iveight were divided into two equal groups. The control group was given a diet consisting of, on a dry-matter basis, 0·90 kg ivheat straw, 1 kg berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and ISO kg concentrate per day per calf and the yeast group the above diet plus 5 g YC which was put directly into the rumen via the fistula. After feeding this diet for 6 weeks (supplementation period), inclusion of YC was stopped and both groups were given the control diet for a period of 3 weeks to examine the performance of the YC group after withdrawal of YC. At week 4 of YC supplementation the pH was significantly increased (P < 0·01) and lactate concentration was decreased (P < 0·01) in the rumen fluid for up to 6 h post feeding. The number of total bacteria, total viable bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, amylolytic bacteria and protozoa were increased proportionately by 0·554 (P < 002), 0·482 (P<0·01), 0·670 (P <0·01), 0·077 (P > 0·05) and 0·079 (P>0·05), respectively. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, particularly at 4 h post feeding (P < 0·01), acetate fP < 0·01) and propionate and the acetate to propionate ratio were higher in the YC compared with the control group. On YC inclusion, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen was decreased while that of trichloracetic acid insoluble protein was marginally increased. All these differences in rumen variables started to disappear on YC withdrawal and values returned to control levels by the 3rd week after YC withdrawal. YC supplementation increased the in sacco dry-matter disappearance of various dietary components particularly after 3, 6 and 22 h incubation.

Keywords

buffaloesdigestibilityrumen fermentationrumen micro-organismsSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 59 , Issue 2 , October 1994 , pp. 209 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armentano, L. E., Harrington, T. A., Polan, C. E., Moe, A. J., Herbein, J. H. and Umstadt, P. 1986. Rumen degradation of dried brewers' grains, wet brewers' grains and soybean meal. Journal of Dairy Science 69: 2124–2133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barker, S. B. and Summerson, W. H. 1941. The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. Journal of Biological Chemistry 138: 535–554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnett, A. J. G. and Reid, R. C. 1957. Studies on production of VFA from grasses by rumen liquor in an artificial rumen. I. The VFA production from fresh grasses. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Cambridge 48: 315–321.Google Scholar
Cottyn, B. G. and Boucque, C. V. 1968. Rapid method for a gas chromatographic determination of VFA in rumen fluid. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 16: 105–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, K. A. 1990. Designing the yeast culture of tomorrow — mode of action of yeast culture for ruminants and non-ruminants. In Biotechnology in the feed industry, vol. VI (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 119–125. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Dawson, K. A. and Newman, K. E. 1988. Fermentation in rumen-simulating continuous culture receiving probiotic supplements. Journal of Animal Science 66: (suppl. 1), 600 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Dawson, K. A., Newman, K. E. and Boling, J. A. 1990. Effects of microbial supplements containing yeast and lactobacilli on roughage-fed ruminal microbial activities. Journal of Animal Science 68: 3392–3398.Google Scholar
Edwards, I. E. 1991. Practical uses of yeast culture in beef production: insight into its mode of action. Biotechnology in the feed industry, vol. VII (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 51–64. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
El Hassan, S. M., Newbold, C. J. and Wallace, R. J. 1993. The effect of yeast culture on rumen fermentation: growth of the yeast in the rumen and the requirement for viable yeast cells. Animal Production 56: 463 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Erasmus, L. J., Botha, M. P. and Kistner, A. 1992. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation, and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 75: 3056–3065.Google Scholar
Gall, L. S., Stark, C. N. and Loosli, J. K. 1947. The isolation and preliminary study of some physiological characteristics of the predominating flora from the rumen of cattle and sheep. Journal of Dairy Science 30: 891–899.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gray, W. R. and Ryan, J. P. 1988. A study of the effect of yeast culture on rumen fermentation in sheep. Biotechnology in the feed industry, vol. IV (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 129–150. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Harrison, G. A., Hemken, R. W., Dawson, K. A., Harmon, R. J., Newman, K. E. and Morehead, M. C. 1987. Yeast culture supplements in diets of lactating cows. II. Effects on liquid dilution rate and apparent digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science 70: suppl. 1, p. 218 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Harrison, G. A., Hemken, R. W., Dawson, K. A., Harmon, R. J. and Barker, K. B. 1988. Influence of addition of yeast culture supplement to diets of lactating cows on ruminal fermentation and microbial populations. Journal of Dairy Science 71: 2967–2975.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobson, P. N. 1969. Rumen bacteria. Methods of Microbiology 3B: 133-149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hungate, R. E. 1969. A roll tube method for the cultivation of strict anaerobes. Methods of Microbiology 3B: 117–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. 1951. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193: 265–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehrez, A. Z. and Orskov, E. R. 1977. A study of the artificial fibre bag technique for determining the digestibility of feeds in the rumen. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Cambridge 88: 645–650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moir, R. J. 1951. The seasonal variation in the ruminal microorganisms of grazing sheep. Australian journal of Agricultural Research 2: 322–329.Google Scholar
Mutsvangwa, T., Edwards, I. E., Topps, J. H. and Paterson, G. F. M. 1992. The effect of dietary inclusion of yeast culture (Yea-Sacc) on patterns of rumen fermentation, food intake and growth of intensively fed bulls. Animal Production 55: 35–40.Google Scholar
Newbold, C. J., Wallace, R. J. and Mclntosh, F. M. 1993. The stimulation of rumen bacteria by Saccharomyces cercvisinc is dependent on the respiratory activity of the years. Journal of Animal Science 71: (suppl. 1), 280 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Newbold, C. J., Williams, P. E. V., McKain, N., Walker, A. and Wallace, R. J. 1990. The effect of yeast culture on yeast numbers and fermentation in the rumen of sheep. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 49: 47A (abstr.).Google Scholar
Newman, K. E. and Dawson, K. A. 1987. Associative effects of probiotics and diet on ruminal fermentation. Proceedings of the nineteenth biennial conference on rumen function, Chicago, Illinois.Google Scholar
Nisbet, D. J. and Martin, S. A. 1991. Effect of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on lactate utilization by the ruminal bacterium Selenomonas ruminantium. Journal of Animal Science 69: 4628–4635.Google Scholar
Offer, N. W. 1990. Maximising fibre digestion in the rumen: the role of yeast culture. Biotechnology in Feed Industry, vol. VI (ed. Lyons, T. P.), pp. 79–93. Alltech Technical Publications, Nicholasville, Kentucky.Google Scholar
Ørskov, E. R., Hovell, F. D. DeB. and Mould, F. 1980. The use of nylon bag technique for evaluation of feedstuffs. Tropical Animal Production 5: 195–213.Google Scholar
Sommart, K., Wanapat, M., Wongarikeao, W. and Ngarmsak, S. 1993. Effect of yeast culture and protein levels on ruminal fermentation, intake, digestibility, and performance in ruminants fed straw-based diets. Journal of Animal Science 71: suppl. 1, p. 281 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Teh, T. H., Sahlu, T., Escobar, E. N. and Cutshaw, J. L. 1987. Effect of live yeast culture and sodium bicarbonate on lactating goats. Journal of Dairy Science 70: suppl. 1, p. 200 (abstr.).Google Scholar
Weatherburn, M. W. 1967. Phenol hypochlorite reacton for determination of ammonia. Analytical Chemistry 39: 791–974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weidmeir, R. D., Arambel, M. J. and Walters, J. L. 1987. Effect of yeast culture and Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extracts on ruminal characteristics and nutrient digestibility. Journal of Dairy Science 70: 2063–2068.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, P. E. V. and Newbold, C. J. 1990. The effects of novel microorganisms on rumen fermantation and ruminant productivity. In Recent advances in animal nutrition (ed. Cole, D. J. A. and Haresign, W.). Butterworths, London.Google Scholar
Williams, P. E. V., Tait, G. A. G., Innes, G. M. and Newbold, C. J. 1991. Effects of the inclusion of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in the diet of dairy cows on milk yield and forage degradation and fermentation patterns in the rumen of steers. Journal of Animal Sciences 69: 3016–3026.Google Scholar