Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T05:18:49.176Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Different means of administering polyethylene glycol to sheep: effect on the nutritive value of Acacia cyanophylla Lindl. foliage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

H. Ben Salem ,
A. Nefzaoui ,
L. Ben Salem  and
J. L. Tisserand
H. Ben Salem
Affiliation:
INRA-Tunisie, Laboratoire de Nutrition Animale, Rue Hédi Karray, 2049 Ariana, Tunisia
A. Nefzaoui
Affiliation:
INRA-Tunisie, Laboratoire de Nutrition Animale, Rue Hédi Karray, 2049 Ariana, Tunisia
L. Ben Salem
Affiliation:
Office de l’Elevage et des Pâturages, rue Alain Savary, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
J. L. Tisserand
Affiliation:
ENESAD, BP 1607, 21036 Dijon cedex, France
Get access

Abstract

Polyethylene glycol-4000 (PEG) was used to inactivate tannins in Acacia cyanophylla Lindl foliage. In the first of two experiments, four groups of five Barbarine sheep were held in metabolism crates so that intakes, apparent digestibilities, nitrogen balances and urinary excretion of allantoin could be measured. The second experiment involved four groups of three male Queue Fine de l'Ouest sheep fitted with rumen cannulae and housed in individual pens to measure rumen fermentation parameters and dry matter in situ degradation of A. cyanophylla foliage. All animals received fresh A. cyanophylla foliage ad libitum and 330 g concentrate on a daily basis. In each experiment, three groups of sheep received 20 g PEG daily, either mixed with concentrate (PEG-concentrate), dissolved in drinking water (PEG-water) or sprayed as a solution on A. cyanophylla foliage at the point of feeding (PEG-treatment). The fourth group was not supplied with PEG (control). Dry-matter intake of A. cyanophylla was low (28·3 g/kg metabolic live weight (M0·75) per day) and increased in sheep given the PEG-concentrate diet (38·2 g/kg M0·75 per day). PEG-concentrate and PEG-water diets resulted in an improvement in protein utilization as indicated by an increase of crude protein apparent digestibility (2·1 and 1·9 fold, respectively), nitrogen retention (3·2 fold with both dietary treatments) and urinary excretion of allantoin (1·9 and 1·5 fold, respectively). Improvements obtained with PEG-treatment diet were low and in general not significant (P > 0·05). Low neutral-detergent fibre and acid-detergent fibre apparent digestibility coefficients of diets led to the conclusion that conventional detergent extraction techniques are questionable in determining the in vivo digestibility of cell wall constituents for tannin-rich forages. Results from rumen fluid analyses indicated that sheep given PEG-containing diets had higher ammonia-nitrogen and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations (P < 0·05). These results, coupled with the increase of allantoin excretion gave clear evidence that the efficiency of microbial synthesis was improved with PEG addition. The absence of change in ruminal pH and molar proportions of individual VF A suggested similar fermentation patterns among all dietary treatments. PEG supply increased the slowly degradable fraction of A. cyanophylla foliage incubated in the rumen (P < 0·05), thus dry matter potential degradability (a + b) was highest in sheep given PEG-containing diets. It is concluded that the affinity of acacia tannins to PEG, increased the availability of degradable proteins, which resulted in an improvement of the nutritive value of acacia foliage. However, for practical situations, adding PEG to concentrate or to drinking water is recommended for sheep browsing A. cyanophylla trees in the field or fed indoors.

Keywords

Acacia cyanophyllanutritive valuepolyethylene glycolsheeptannins
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 68 , Issue 4 , June 1999 , pp. 809 - 818
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahn, J. H., Robertson, B. M., Elliot, R., Gutteridge, R.C. and Ford, C. W. 1989. Quality assessment of tropical browse legumes: tannin content and protein degradability. Animal Feed Science and Technology 27: 147–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Antoniewicz, A. M., Heineman, W. W. and Hanks, E. M. 1980. The effects of changes in the intestinal flow of nucleic acids on allantoin excretion in the urine of sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 109: 7–12.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1975. Official methods of analysis, 12th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Badran, A. M. and Jones, D.E. 1965. Polyethylene glycols-tannin interaction in extracting enzymes. Nature (London) 206: 622–623.Google Scholar
Balcells, J., Fondevila, M., Guada, J. A., Castrillo, C. and Surra, J. C.E. 1993a. Urinary excretions of purine derivatives and nitrogen in sheep given straw supplemented with different sources of carbohydrates. Animal Production 57: 287–292.Google Scholar
Balcells, J., Guada, J.A., Castrillo, C. and Gasa, J. 1993b. Rumen digestion and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in response to urea supplementation of sodium-treated straw fed to sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 69: 721–732.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barry, T. N. and Duncan, S. J. 1984. The roleof condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 1. Voluntary intake. British Journal of Nutrition 51:485–491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, T. N. and Forss, D. A. 1983. The condensed tannin content of vegetative Lotus pedunculatus, its regulation by fertiliser application, and effect upon protein solubility. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 34: 1047–1056.Google Scholar
Barry, T. N., Manley, T. R. and Duncan, S. J. 1986. The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 4. Sites of carbohydrate and protein digestion as influenced by dietary reactive tannin concentration. British Journal of Nutrition 55: 123–137.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ben Salem, H., Nefzaoui, A., Ben Salem, L. and Abdouli, H. 1996. Improvement of the nutritive value of tannin rich fodder trees: effect of air-drying and polyethylene glycol treatment of Acacia cyanophylla Lindi, foliage on intake, digestibility and growth by sheep. Meeting on recent advances in small ruminant nutrition. FAO-CIHEAM network of cooperative research on sheep and goats — IAV Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco, 24–26 October 1996.Google Scholar
Broadhurst, R. B. and Jones, W. T. 1978. Analysis of condensed tannins using acidified vanillin. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 29: 788–794.Google Scholar
Chen, X.b., Hoveli, F.D.DeB. 1990b. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: recycling of allantoin into the rumen via saliva and its fate in the gut. British Journal of Nutrition 63: 197–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, X.B. Ørskov, E.R. and Hoveli, F. D. DeB. 1990b. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: endogenous excretion, differences between cattle and sheep. BritishJournal of Nutrition 63: 121–129.Google ScholarPubMed
Conway, E. J. 1962. Microdiffusion analysis and volumetric errors, 5th edition. Crosby Lockwood and Son, London.Google Scholar
Decandia, M., Molle, G., Ligios, S. and Scanu, G. 1995. Effets de différents niveaux de concentré et de polyethylene glycol sur la valeur nutritive de pistachier lentisque (Pistacia lentiscus L.) distribué à des chèvres. 8ème réunion du groupe de travail sur les pâturages et cultures fourragères méditerranéennes. Systèmes sylvopastoraux pour un environnement, une agriculture et une économie durable, 29 Mai-2 Juin 1995, Avigon, France. Google Scholar
Degen, A. A., Becker, k., Makkar, H. P. S. and Borowy, N. 1995. Acacia saligna as a fodder tree fordesert livestock and the interaction of its tannins with fibre fractions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 68: 65–71.Google Scholar
Dzowela, B. H., Hove, L., Topps, J. H. and Mafongoya, P. L. 1995. Nutritional and anti-nutritional characters and rumen degradability of dry matter and nitrogen for some multipurpose tree species with potential for agroforestry in Zimbabwe. Animal Feed Science and Technology 55: 207–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fujihara, T., Ørskov, E. R., Reeds, P. J. and Kyle, D. J. 1987. The effect of protein infusion on urinary excretion of purine derivatives in ruminants nourished by intragastric nutrition. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 109: 7–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goering, H. K. and Van Soest, P. J. 1970. Forage fiber analysis (apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications). Agricultural handbook no. 379, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Jones, T. W. and Mangan, J. L. 1977. Complexes of the condensed tannins of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) with fraction 1 leaf protein and with submaxillary mucoprotein, and their reversal by polyethylene glycol and pH. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 28: 126–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jouany, J. P. 1982. Dosage des acides gras volatils dans les contenus digestifs, les jus d’ensilage, les cultures bactériennes et les contenus de fermenteurs, aérobies. Science des Aliments 2: 131–144.Google Scholar
McNabb, W.C., Waghorn, G.C, Barry, T. N. and Shelton, I. D. 1993. The effect of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on the digestion and metabolism of methionine, cystine and inorganic sulphur in sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 70: 647–661.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Makkar, H. P. S., Borowy, N.K., Becker, k andDegen, A. 1995. Some problems in fiber determination of a tannin-rich forage (Acacia saligna foliage) and their implications in in vivostudies. Animal Feed Science and Technology 55: 67–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nuñez-Hernandez, G., Wallace, J. D., Holechek, J. L., Galyean, M. L. and Cardenas, M. 1991. Condensed tannins and nutrient utilisation by lambs and goats fed low-quality diets. Journal of Animal Science 69: 1167–1177.Google Scholar
Ørskov, E.R. and McDonald, I. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92: 499–503.Google Scholar
Pritchard, D.A., Martin, P. R. and O’Rourke, P.K 1992. The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of mulga (Acacia aneura) for sheep. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43: 1739–1746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reed, J. D. 1986. Relationships among soluble phenolics, insoluble proanthocyanidins and fiber in East African browse species. Journal of Range Management 39: 5–7.Google Scholar
Reed, J. D. Soller, H. and Woodward, A. 1990. Fodder tree and straw diets for sheep: intake, growth, digestibility and the effects of phenolics on nitrogen utilisation. Animal Feed Science and Technology 30: 39–50.Google Scholar
Satter, L. D. and Slyter, L. L. 1974.Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial protein production in vitro. British Journal of Nutrition 32: 199–208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silanikove, N., Gilboa, N. and Nitsan, Z. 1997. Interactions among tannins, supplementation and polyethylene glycol in goats given oak leaves: effects on digestion and food intake. Animal Science 64: 479–483.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1985. SAS user’s guide: statistics. Statistical Analysis Systems Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Susmel, P., Stefanon, B, Plazzotta, E., Spaghero, M. and Mills, C. R. 1994. The effect of energy and protein intake on the excretion of purine derivatives. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 123: 257–265.Google Scholar
Topps, J. H. and Elliot, R. C. 1965. Relationship between concentrations of ruminai nucleic acids and excretion of purine derivatives by sheep. Nature 205: 498–499.Google Scholar
Waghorn, G. C. and Shelton, I. D. 1995. Effect of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on the nutritive value of ryegrass (Lolium perenne)fed to sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 125: 291–297.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waghorn, G.C Shelton, I. D. and McNabb, W. C. 1994. Effects of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on its nutritive value for sheep. 1. Non-nitrogenous aspects. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 123: 99–107.Google Scholar
Waghorn, G.C Ulyatt, M. J., John, A. and Fisher, M. T. 1987. The effects of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on Lotus corniculatus L. British Journal of Nutrition 57: 115–126.Google Scholar