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A live vaccine from Brucella abortus strain 82 for control of cattle brucellosis in the Russian Federation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2011

Arkady V. Ivanov ,
Konstantin M. Salmakov ,
Steven C. Olsen  and
Glenn E. Plumb
Arkady V. Ivanov
Affiliation:
Federal Center for the Toxicological and Radiation Safety of Animals, All-Russian Institute of Veterinary Research, Kazan, Russia
Konstantin M. Salmakov
Affiliation:
Federal Center for the Toxicological and Radiation Safety of Animals, All-Russian Institute of Veterinary Research, Kazan, Russia
Steven C. Olsen*
Affiliation:
Infectious Bacterial Diseases Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture – Agriculture Research Service, Ames, IA, USA
Glenn E. Plumb
Affiliation:
Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

During the first half of the twentieth century, widespread regulatory efforts to control cattle brucellosis due to Brucella abortus in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics were essentially non-existent, and control was limited to selective test and slaughter of serologic agglutination reactors. By the 1950s, 2–3 million cattle were being vaccinated annually with the strain 19 vaccine, but because this vaccine induced strong, long-term titers on agglutination tests that interfered with identification of cattle infected with field strains of B. abortus, its use in cattle was discontinued in 1970. Soviet scientists then began a comprehensive program of research to identify vaccines with high immunogenicity, weak responses on agglutination tests and low pathogenicity in humans, as a foundation for widespread control of cattle brucellosis. While several new vaccines that induced weak or no responses on serologic agglutination tests were identified by experiments in guinea pigs and cattle, a large body of experimental and field studies suggested that the smooth–rough strain SR82 vaccine combined the desired weak agglutination test responses with comparatively higher efficacy against brucellosis. In 1974, prior to widespread use of strain SR82 vaccine, over 5300 cattle farms across the Russian Federation were known to be infected with B. abortus. By January 2008, only 68 cattle farms in 18 regions were known to be infected with B. abortus, and strain SR82 continues to be the most widely and successfully used vaccine in many regions of the Russian Federation.

Keywords

brucellabrucellosisvaccineRussiastrain 82
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , June 2011 , pp. 113 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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