Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T13:59:39.115Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Efficacy and safety of a feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Chengjin Huang ,
Douglas Conlee ,
Jennifer Loop ,
Deborah Champ ,
Mike Gill  and
Hsien-Jue (Steve) Chu
Chengjin Huang*
Affiliation:
Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street NW, Fort Dodge, IA 50501, USA
Douglas Conlee
Affiliation:
Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street NW, Fort Dodge, IA 50501, USA
Jennifer Loop
Affiliation:
Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street NW, Fort Dodge, IA 50501, USA
Deborah Champ
Affiliation:
Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street NW, Fort Dodge, IA 50501, USA
Mike Gill
Affiliation:
Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street NW, Fort Dodge, IA 50501, USA
Hsien-Jue (Steve) Chu
Affiliation:
Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street NW, Fort Dodge, IA 50501, USA
*
*E-mail address: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Fel-O-Vax FIV is an inactivated virus vaccine designed as an aid in the prevention of infection of cats, 8 weeks or older, by feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). It contains two genetically distinct FIV strains. The efficacy of this vaccine was demonstrated in a vaccination–challenge study designed to meet various regulatory requirements for registering the vaccine. Eight-week-old kittens were vaccinated with an immunogenicity vaccine which contained minimal release levels of FIV antigens formulated with a proprietary adjuvant system. Twelve months later, all vaccinates and controls were challenged with a heterologous FIV strain. Following the vigorous challenge exposure, cats were monitored for FIV viremia. It was found that 16% of the vaccinated cats developed viremia while 90% of the controls became persistently infected with FIV, which demonstrated that the vaccine was efficacious and the protective immunity lasted for at least 12 months. The safety of the vaccine was demonstrated by a field safety trial in which only 22 mild reactions of short duration were observed following administering 2051 doses of two pre-licensing serials of Fel-O-Vax FIV to cats of various breeds, ages and vaccination histories. Thus, Fel-O-Vax FIV is safe and efficacious for the prevention of FIV infection in cats.

Keywords

vaccinescatsfeline immunodeficiency virus
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 5 , Issue 2 , December 2004 , pp. 295 - 300
Copyright
Copyright © CAB International 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bendinelli, M, Pistello, M, Lombardi, S, Poli, A, Garzelli, C, Matteucci, D, Ceccherini-Nelli, L, Malvaldi, G and Tozzini, F (1995). Feline immunodeficiency virus: an interesting model for AIDS studies and an important cat pathogen. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 8: 87–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Courchamp, F, Yoccoz, NG, Artois, M and Pontier, D (1998). At-risk individuals in feline immunodeficiency virus epidemiology: evidence from a multivariate approach in a natural population of domestic cats (Felis catus). Epidemiology and Infection 121: 227–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, K, Werner, RM, Egberink, H and Jarrett, O (2001). Comparison of six in-house tests for the rapid diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency and feline leukaemia virus infections. Veterinary Record 149: 317–320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hosie, MJ and Jarrett, O (1989). Prevalence of feline leukaemia virus and antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus in cats in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Record 125: 293–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muirden, A (2002). Prevalence of feline leukaemia virus and antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus and feline coronavirus in stray cats sent to RSPCA hospital. Veterinary Record 150: 621–625.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Connor, TP, Tonelli, QJ Jr and Scarlett, JM (1991). Report of the national FeLV/FIV awareness project. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association 199: 1348–1353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pedersen, NC, Ho, EW, Brown, ML, Yamamoto, K. (1987). Isolation of a T-lymphotropic lentivirus from domestic cats with immunodeficiency-like syndrome. Science 235: 790–793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steinrigl, A and Klein, D (2003). Phylogenetic analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus in Central Europe: a prerequisite for vaccination and molecular diagnostics. Journal of General Virology 84: 1301–1307.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Uhl, EW, Heaton-Jones, TG, Pu, R and Yamamoto, JK (2002). FIV vaccine development and its importance to veterinary and human medicine: a review. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 90: 113–132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamamoto, JK, Hansen, H, Ho, EW, Morishita, TY, Okuda, T, Sawa, TR, Nakamura, RM and Pedersen, NC (1989). Epidemiological and clinical aspects of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats from the continental United States and Canada and possible mode of transmission. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association 194: 213–220.Google ScholarPubMed
Yamamoto, JK, Okuda, T, Ackley, CD, Louie, H, Pembroke, E, Zochlinski, H, Munn, RJ and Gardner, MB (1991). Experimental vaccine protection against feline immunodeficiency virus. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 7: 911–922.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed