Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T15:59:13.785Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Classification of Brachyspira spp. isolated from Swedish dogs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Claes Fellström ,
Bertil Pettersson ,
Ulla Zimmerman ,
Anders Gunnarsson  and
Ricardo Feinstein
Claes Fellström*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden
Bertil Pettersson
Affiliation:
Department of Biotechnology, The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Ulla Zimmerman
Affiliation:
Department of Bacteriology, The National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
Anders Gunnarsson
Affiliation:
Department of Bacteriology, The National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
Ricardo Feinstein
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, The National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
*
*Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7018, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Brachyspira spp. were isolated from 21 of 32 sampled dogs (66%) in a colony of Swedish beagle dogs with a history of diarrhea and from 3 of 17 Swedish pet dogs (17%) with diarrhea. All Swedish isolates were weakly β-hemolytic and gave a negative indole reaction. Eighty-eight percent showed negative α-galactosidase and hippurate reactions, but a positive β-glucosidase reaction. Two isolates were hippurate positive with a negative β-glucosidase reaction. One additional German isolate diverged by showing a positive indole reaction in combination with a positive hippurate reaction. Sequencing of 16S rDNA indicated that the hippurate-positive isolates belonged to the species Brachyspira pilosicoli. Four representative isolates were examined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and compared with six reference strains and five porcine isolates of Brachyspira spp. The canine isolates clustered together in the PFGE analysis. Necropsy examination of a culture-positive B. pilosicoli colony-raised beagle dog revealed macro- and microscopical lesions of colitis with numerous spiral-shaped bacteria in the lumens of the crypts, in goblet cells and within the colonic epithelium.

Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , June 2001 , pp. 75 - 82
Copyright
Copyright © CAB International 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blaha, TH (1983). Beitrag zur epizootiologie der Schweinedysenterie – die Ratte als das mögliche Erregerreservoir. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin B 30: 141–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duhamel, DJ (1997). Intestinal spirochaetes in non-production animals. In: Hampson, DJ and Stanton, TB (eds), Intestinal Spirochaetosis in Domestic Animals and Humans. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, pp. 301–320.Google Scholar
Duhamel, GE, Muniappa, N, Mathiesen, MR, Johnson, JL, Toth, J, Elder, RO and Doster, AR (1995). Certain canine β- hemolytic intestinal spirochetes are phenotypically and genotypically related to spirochetes associated with human and porcine intestinal spirochetosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 33: 2212–2215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duhamel, GE, Hunsaker, BD, Mathiesen, MR and Moxley, RA (1996). Intestinal spirochetosis and giardiasis in a Beagle pup with diarrhea. Veterinary Pathology 33: 360–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duhamel, GE, Trott, DJ, Muniappa, N, Mathiesen, MR, Tarasuik, K, Lee, JI and Hampson, DJ (1998). Canine intestinal spirochetosis consist of Serpulina pilosicoli and a newly identified group provisionally designated ‘Serpulina canis’ sp. nov. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36: 2264–2270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fellström, C and Gunnarsson, A (1995). Phenotypical characterisation of intestinal spirochaetes isolated from pigs. Research in Veterinary Science 59: 1–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fellström, C, Karlsson, M, Pettersson, B, Zimmerman, U, Gunnarsson, A and Aspan, A (1999). Emended description of indole negative and indole positive isolates of Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae . Veterinary Microbiology 70: 225–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Felsenstein, J (1981). Evolutionary trees from DNA sequences: a maximum likelihood approach. Journal of Molecular Evolution 17: 368–376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, DL (1999). Swine dysentery. In: Straw, E, D'Allaire, S, Mengeling, WL and Taylor, DJ (eds), Diseases of Swine, 8th edn. Ames: Iowa State University Press, pp. 579–600.Google Scholar
Harris, DL, Glock, RD, Christensen, CR and Kinyon, JM (1972). Swine dysentery. I. Inoculation of pigs with Treponema hyodysenteriae (new species) and reproduction of the disease. Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Clinician 67: 61–64.Google Scholar
Hovind-Hougen, K, Birch-Andersen, A, Henrik-Nielsen, R, Orholm, M, Pedersen, JO, Teglbjærg, PS and Thayson, EH (1982). Intestinal spirochetosis: Morphological characterization of the spirochete Brachyspira aalborgi gen. nov., sp. nov. 1982. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 16: 1127–1136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jensen, NS, Stanton, TB and Swayne, DE (1996). Identification of the swine pathogen Serpulina hyodysenteriae in rheas (Rhea americana). Veterinary Microbiology 52: 259–269.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joens, LA and Kinyon, JM (1982). Isolation of Treponema hyodysenteriae from wild rodents. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 15: 994–997.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jukes, TH and Cantor, CR (1969). Evolution of protein molecules. In: Munro, HN (ed.), Mammalian Protein Metabolism, Vol. 3. New York: Academic Press, pp. 21–132.Google Scholar
Kinyon, JM and Harris, DL (1979). Treponema innocens, a new species of intestinal bacteria, and emended description of the type strain of Treponema hyodysenteriae . International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29: 102–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinyon, JM, Harris, DL and Glock, RD (1977). Enteropathogenicity of various isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae . Infection and Immunity 15: 638–646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koopman, MBH, Käsbohrer, A, Beckmann, G, van der Zeijst, BAM and Kusters, JG (1993). Genetic similarity of intestinal spirochetes from humans and various animal species. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 31: 711–716.Google Scholar
Kraaz, W, Pettersson, B, Thunberg, U, Engstrand, L and Fellström, C (2000). Brachyspira aalborgi infection diagnosed by culture and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing using human colonic biopsy specimens. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38: 3555–3560.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leach, WD, Lee, A and Stubbs, RP (1973). Localization of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract: a possible explanation of intestinal spirochaetosis. Infection and Immunity 7: 961–972.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, JI and Hampson, DJ (1994). Genetic characterisation of intestinal spirochetes and their association with disease. Journal of Medical Microbiology 40: 365–371.Google Scholar
Lee, JI and Hampson, DJ (1996). The prevalence of intestinal spirochetes in dogs. Australian Veterinary Journal 74: 466–467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, JI, Hampson, DJ, Lymbery, AJ and Harders, SJ (1993). The porcine intestinal spirochaetes: identification of new genetic groups. Veterinary Microbiology 34: 273–285.Google Scholar
Meier, CD, Srisopar, B and Amtsberg, G (1982). Untersuchungen zur Vorkommen von Treponemen bei Hunden mit Darmerkrankungen. Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift 95: 185–188.Google Scholar
Molnár, L (1986). Comparative study of Treponema strains isolated from swine and nutria. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 34: 129–135.Google ScholarPubMed
Neef, NA, Lysons, RJ, Trott, DJ, Hampson, DJ, Jones, PW and Morgan, JH (1994). Pathogenicity of porcine intestinal spirochetes in gnotobiotic pigs. Infection and Immunity 62: 2395–2403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ochiai, S, Adachi, Y and Mori, K (1997). Unification of the genera Serpulina and Brachyspira, and proposals of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae comb. nov., Brachyspira innocens comb. nov. and Brachyspira pilosicoli comb. nov. Microbiology and Immunology 41: 445–452.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pettersson, B, Fellström, C, Andersson, A, Uhlén, M, Gunnarsson, A and Johansson, K-E (1996). The phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (Serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Journal of Bacteriology 178: 4189–4199.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pindak, FF, Clapper, WE and Sherrod, JH (1965). Incidence and distribution of spirochetes in the digestive tract of dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research 26: 1391–1402.Google ScholarPubMed
Rübsamen, S and Rübsamen, S (1986). Hippurat-hydrolyse: Ein schnelltest zur unterscheidung von Treponema hyodysenteriae und Treponema innocens . Tierärztliche Umschau 41: 673–677.Google Scholar
Saitou, N and Nei, M (1987). The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular and Biological Evolution 4: 406–425.Google Scholar
Stanton, TB, Trott, DJ, Lee, JI, McLaren, AJ, Hampson, DJ, Paster, BJ and Jensen, NS (1996). Differentiation of intestinal spirochaetes by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and 16S rRNA sequence comparisons. FEMS Microbiology Letters 136: 181–186.Google Scholar
Stanton, TB, Fournie-Amazouz, E, Postic, D, Trott, DJ, Grimont, PAD, Baranton, G, Hampson, DJ and Saint Girons, I (1997). Recognition of two new species of intestinal spirochetes: Serpulina intermedia sp. nov. and Serpulina murdochii sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 47: 1007–1012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stanton, TB, Postic, D and Jensen, NS (1998). Serpulina alvinipulli sp. nov., a new Serpulina species enteropathogenic to chickens. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriolology 48: 669–676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutter, VL and Carter, WT (1972). Evaluation of media and reagents for indole-spot tests in anaerobic bacteriology. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 58: 335–338.Google Scholar
Swayne, DE and McLaren, AJ (1997). Avian intestinal spirochaetes and avian intestinal spirochaetosis. In: Hampson, DJ and Stanton, TB (eds), Intestinal Spirochaetosis in Domestic Animals and Humans. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, pp. 267–300.Google Scholar
Thomson, JR, Smith, WJ, Murray, BP and McOrist, S (1997). Pathogenicity of three strains of Serpulina pilosicoli in pigs with a naturally acquired intestinal flora. Infection and Immunity 65: 3693–3700.Google Scholar
Trott, DJ and Hampson, DJ (1998). Evaluation of day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks as an experimental model for pathogenicity testing of intestinal spirochaete species. Journal of Comparative Pathology 118: 365–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trott, DJ, McLaren, AJ and Hampson, DJ (1995). Pathogenicity of human and porcine intestinal spirochetes in one-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks: an animal model of intestinal spirochetosis. Infection and Immunity 63: 3705–3710.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trott, DJ, Huxtable, CR and Hampson, DJ (1996 a). Infection of newly weaned pigs with human and porcine strains of Serpulina pilosicoli. In: Proceedings 14th International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, p. 285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trott, DJ, Stanton, TB, Jensen, NS, Duhamel, GE, Johnson, JL and Hampson, DJ (1996 b). Serpulina pilosicoli sp. nov.: the agent of porcine intestinal spirochetosis. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 46: 206–215.Google Scholar
Trott, DJ, Mikosza, AS, Combs, BG, Oxberry, SL and Hampson, DJ (1998). Population genetic analysis of Serpulina pilosicoli and its molecular epidemiology in villages in the eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 48: 659–668.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turek, JJ and Meyer, RC (1978). Studies on a canine intestinal spirochete: scanning electron microscopy of canine colonic mucosa. Infection and Immunity 20: 853–855.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turek, JJ and Meyer, RC (1979). An intestinal spirochete infestation in the opossum. Current Microbiology 3: 27–31.Google Scholar
Vanrobaeys, M, De Herdt, P, Ducatelle, R, Devriese, LA, Charlier, G and Haesebrouck, F (1998). Typhlitis caused by intestinal Serpulina-like bacteria in domestic guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36: 690–694.Google Scholar
Vauterin, L and Vauterin, P (1992). Computer-aided objective comparison of electrophoresis patterns for grouping and identification of microorganisms. European Microbiology 1: 37–41.Google Scholar
Weber, VA and Schramm, R (1989). Untersuchungen zum Vorkommen von Treponemen in kotproben von Hunden und Katzen mit und ohne Darmerkrankungen. Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift 102: 73–77 Google Scholar