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Biology and epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii in man and animals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Dolores E. Hill ,
Sreekumar Chirukandoth  and
J. P. Dubey
Dolores E. Hill*
Affiliation:
Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Building 1044, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
Sreekumar Chirukandoth
Affiliation:
Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Building 1044, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
J. P. Dubey
Affiliation:
Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Building 1044, BARC-East, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
*
*Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is a coccidian parasite which utilizes felids as definitive hosts, and which has an unusually wide intermediate host range. The parasite was initially described by Nicolle and Manceaux in 1908 from the rodent, Ctenodactylus gundi. Infection with T. gondii is one of the most common parasitic infections of man and other warm-blooded animals. It has been found worldwide from Alaska to Australia. Nearly one-third of humanity has been exposed to this parasite; serologic surveys indicate that T. gondii infections are common in wild carnivores, including pigs, bears, felids, fox, raccoons, and skunks. Clinical and subclinical toxoplasmosis has been reported from wild cervids, ungulates, marsupials, monkeys, and marine mammals. Southern sea otter populations have been severely impacted by Toxoplasma infections.

Keywords

toxoplasmaprotozoantissue cystcoccidianfood borne parasite
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , June 2005 , pp. 41 - 61
Copyright
Copyright © CAB International 2005

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