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Buffalopox: an emerging and re-emerging zoonosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2007

R. K. Singh ,
M. Hosamani ,
V. Balamurugan ,
V. Bhanuprakash ,
T. J. Rasool  and
M. P. Yadav
R. K. Singh*
Affiliation:
Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India
M. Hosamani
Affiliation:
Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India
V. Balamurugan
Affiliation:
Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India
V. Bhanuprakash
Affiliation:
Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India
T. J. Rasool
Affiliation:
Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-263 138, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India
M. P. Yadav
Affiliation:
SVBP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250 110, Uttar Pradesh, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Outbreaks of buffalopox or pox-like infections affecting buffaloes, cows and humans have been recorded in many parts of the world. Since the first outbreak in India, a large number of epidemics have occurred. Unlike in the previous years, generalized forms of the disease are now rare; however, there are severe local forms of the disease affecting the udder and teats, leading to mastitis thereby undermining the productivity of milk animals. The causative agent buffalopox virus (BPXV) is a member of the Orthopoxvirus, and is closely related to Vaccinia virus (VACV), the type-species of the genus. Earlier studies with restriction fragment length polymorphism and recent investigations involving sequencing of the genes that are essential in viral pathogenesis have shown that BPXV is phylogenetically very closely related to VACV and may be considered as a clade of the latter. The review discusses the epidemiology, novel diagnostic methods for the disease, and molecular biology of the virus, and infers genetic relationships of BPXV with other members of the genus.

Keywords

buffalopox viruszoonosispathogenesisphylogeny
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 8 , Issue 1 , June 2007 , pp. 105 - 114
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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