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THE INDIGENOUS DOMESTIC ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES OF UGANDA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

F. M. B. Mbuza
F. M. B. Mbuza
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production - Ministry of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries
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Summary

The author discusses the overall availability and economic role of indigenous livestock resources in Uganda. After a distinct reduction in number during the 80's, there is now an upsurge in the cattle number (4 300 000 in 199 1). The better milk yielding Ankole (Songa cattle) represents nearly half of those cattle, while just over 32% are of the zebu short-horn type (mainly the stocky Nkedi and the large framed Karamojong). The remaining 18% are of the non-distinct Nganda type that probably originated the crossbreeding of the Ankole and zebu shorthorns. While there are no exact data concemin crossbreeding with exotic breeds, it is estimated that there are some 30 000 exotic beef and dairy cattle and around 100 000 crossbreeds. The total goat population remained reasonably stable in recent years (3 700 000 of which 2 000 000 are breeding females). The majority (I 500 000) belong to the distinct smallbodied East Afiican goat type (25–30 kg liveweight), the two other distinct populations being those originating in the Mubende (4 230 000) and the Kigezi (930 000) regions. Both are predominantly black coloured, the Mubende being characterized by a short and fine coathair, the Kigezi being longhaired. All sheep breeds are fat-tailed. The Masai (216 000) is found in the Eastern and Northern part of the country, the Black-head (490 000) in the East and the so-called East Mrican long-tail (257 000) all over the country. The author indicates that there is an indigenous pig type (670 000) and some 1 200 000“village”chickens.

Resume

L'auteur présente la disponibilité totale et le role économiqtie des ressources en races autochtones d'é1evage en Uganda. Aprés avoir subit une importante diminution dans les années 80, actuellement on assiste A une reprise du nombre des bovins (4300 000 en 1991). La race Ankole (Songa), avec le meilleur rendement en lait, représente presque la moitié du cheptel, et un peu plus de 32°/o est représenté par le zébu A courtes cornes (surtout le Nganda et le Karamojong). Le 18% restant rfappartiennent pas au type Nganda et proviennent probablement du croisement entre la race Ankole et le zébu i courtes cornes. 11 n'existe pas de données précises sur le croisement avec des races exotiques, mais on considére qu'il y a presque 30 000 bovins exotiques A lait et A viande, et presque 100 000 croisés. La population totale de caprins est restée stable pendant les demiéres années (3 700 000, dont 2 000 000 de femelles). La plupart (I 500 000) appartiennent au type de chévre naine de I'Est de I'Afrique (25–30 kg de poids), et les deux autres populations présentes sont originaires des régions de Mubende (4 230 000) et de Kigezi (930 000). Ces deux races sont nonnalement noire, et la race Mubende se caractérise par son poil court et fin et la race Kigezi par son poil long. Toute les races ovines ont la queue grasse. La race Masai (216 000) se trouve dans les régions du nord et de 1'est du pays, la brebis A tote noire (490 000) dans la région de 1'est, et la brebis à poils longs de I'Afrique de I'Est (257 000) dans tout le pays. L'auteur présente également un type de porc de race autochtone (670 000) et la population de volailles (I 200 000) élevées dans les milieux villageois.

Type
Research Articles
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 15 , April 1995 , pp. 23 - 42
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1995

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References

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