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Characterization of primary immune response in Ghanaian local, Sasso T-44 and broiler chickens to sheep red blood cell antigens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 September 2013

R. Osei-Amponsah ,
K. Boa-Amponsem ,
B.B. Kayang  and
A. Naazie
R. Osei-Amponsah*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 226, Legon, Ghana
K. Boa-Amponsem
Affiliation:
Animal Research Institute (ARI), CSIR, P. O. Box AH 20, Accra, Ghana
B.B. Kayang
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 226, Legon, Ghana
A. Naazie
Affiliation:
Livestock and Poultry Research Centre (LIPREC), University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 38, Legon, Ghana
*
Correspondence to: R. Osei-Amponsah, Department of Animal Science, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 226, Legon, Ghana. email: [email protected]
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Summary

Animals should have the capacity to adapt to changing environmental pressures to ensure sustainable productivity. The easier an animal can adapt to disease burdens without extra cost to the farmer, the more profitable the enterprise becomes. Effective immune response protects organisms against disease insults and contributes to improved productivity. Primary immune response of Ghanaian local, Sasso T-44 and broiler chickens to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) antigens was measured 5 days post-inoculation. Antibody levels were determined by haemagglutination. Local ecotypes and Sasso T-44 chicken were superior to broilers in terms of their ability to respond to antigens. Female chickens produced more antibodies in response to increased concentration of SRBC antigens while the opposite was true in the male population. Further investigation of the genetic correlation between production performance and immune response of various chicken breeds will help establish the effect of, for example, high growth rate of broilers on their immunological status.

Résumé

Les animaux devraient avoir la capacité de s'adapter aux pressions d'environnements changeants afin d'assurer une productivité durable. Plus un animal s'adapte facilement, sans coût supplémentaire pour l'éleveur, au stress causé par les maladies, plus l'élevage devient rentable. Une réponse immunitaire efficace protège les organismes face aux attaques des maladies et contribue à améliorer la productivité. La réponse immunitaire primaire de poulets locaux ghanéens, Sasso T-44 et broiler aux antigènes d'érythrocytes de mouton a été mesurée 5 jours post-inoculation. Les niveaux d'anticorps ont été déterminés par hémagglutination. Les écotypes locaux et les poulets Sasso T-44 ont été supérieurs aux poulets broiler pour ce qui est de la capacité de réponse aux antigènes. Les femelles ont produit plus d'anticorps en réponse à l'augmentation de la concentration des antigènes d'érythrocytes de mouton alors que le contraire a été observé chez la population de mâles. Une recherche plus approfondie sur la corrélation génétique entre les performances productives et la réponse immunitaire de différentes races de poulets aidera, par exemple, à déterminer l'effet d'une vitesse de croissance élevée sur l'état immunologique des poulets broiler.

Resumen

Los animales deberían tener la capacidad de adaptarse a las presiones de ambientes cambiantes para garantizar una productividad sostenible. Cuanto mayor es la facilidad del animal para adaptarse, sin coste extra para el ganadero, al estrés causado por las enfermedades, más rentable pasa a ser la ganadería. Una respuesta inmune eficaz protege a los organismos de los ataques de las enfermedades y contribuye a mejorar la productividad. La respuesta inmune primaria de pollos ghaneses locales, Sasso T-44 y broiler a antígenos de eritrocitos de oveja fue medida 5 días post-inoculación. Los niveles de los anticuerpos fueron determinados por hemaglutinación. Los ecotipos locales y los pollos Sasso T-44 fueron superiores a los broilers desde el punto de vista de la habilidad para responder a los antígenos. Las hembras produjeron más anticuerpos en respuesta a una concentración creciente de antígenos de eritrocitos de oveja mientras que se observó lo contrario en la población de machos. Una más profunda investigación de la correlación genética entre los parámetros productivos y la respuesta inmune de varias razas de pollos ayudará, por ejemplo, a determinar el efecto de una elevada velocidad de crecimiento sobre el status inmunológico de los pollos broiler.

Keywords

local chickensgenotypesantibodiesdisease resistancepoulets locauxgénotypesanticorpsrésistance aux maladiespollos localesgenotiposanticuerposresistencia a enfermedades
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 53 , December 2013 , pp. 51 - 55
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2013 

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